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Titus Haterius Nepos (prefect Of Egypt)
Titus Haterius Nepos was an Eques (ancient Rome), eques who held a number of Roman Empire, imperial Roman positions during the reigns of Trajan and Hadrian. The two most important posts were ''praefectus vigilum'' or commander of the ''vigiles'' or nightwatch, and ''praefectus'' or governor of Roman Egypt, Egypt (120-124). According to Fergus Millar, Nepos was the first ''eques'' who was promoted from regular procuratorial posts into a proper secretarial appointment. Career Nepos' career is largely documented in an inscription from Fulginiae in Umbria; although the name of the subject is missing, it is generally accepted that this inscription applies to Nepos since Bartolomeo Borghesi first proposed the identification. The earliest appointment mentioned in this inscription was prefect or commander of an ''ala (Roman cavalry unit), ala'', from which he advanced to military tribune of an unnamed unit of auxiliary horsemen. This was followed as a ''censitor'' or census official of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eques (ancient Rome)
The ''equites'' (; literally "horse-" or "cavalrymen", though sometimes referred to as "knights" in English) constituted the second of the property-based classes of ancient Rome, ranking below the senatorial class. A member of the equestrian order was known as an ''eques'' (). Description During the Roman kingdom and the first century of the Roman Republic, legionary cavalry was recruited exclusively from the ranks of the patricians, who were expected to provide six ''centuriae'' of cavalry (300 horses for each consular legion). Around 400BC, 12 more ''centuriae'' of cavalry were established and these included non-patricians (plebeians). Around 300 BC the Samnite Wars obliged Rome to double the normal annual military levy from two to four legions, doubling the cavalry levy from 600 to 1,200 horses. Legionary cavalry started to recruit wealthier citizens from outside the 18 ''centuriae''. These new recruits came from the first class of commoners in the Centuriate Assembly orga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Tribune
A military tribune (Latin ''tribunus militum'', "tribune of the soldiers") was an officer of the Roman army who ranked below the legate and above the centurion. Young men of Equestrian rank often served as military tribune as a stepping stone to the Senate. The ''tribunus militum'' should not be confused with the elected political office of tribune of the people ''(tribunus plebis)'' nor with that of '' tribunus militum consulari potestate''. Early Rome The word ''tribunus'' derives from '' tribus'', "tribe". In Rome's earliest history, each of the three tribes (Ramnes, Luceres, and Tities) sent one commander when an army was mustered, since there was no standing army. The tribunes were commanders of the original legion of 3,000. By the time of the Greek historian Polybius (d. 118 BC), the tribunes numbered six, and they were appointed by the consuls. However, the process by which tribunes were chosen and assigned is complex and varies at different times. Republican period In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petronius Quadratus
The gens Petronia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. This gens claimed an ancient lineage, as a Petronius Sabinus is mentioned in the time of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, the last of the Roman kings, but few Petronii are mentioned in the time of the Republic. They are frequently encountered under the Empire, holding numerous consulships, and eventually obtaining the Empire itself during the brief reign of Petronius Maximus in AD 455. Origin The Petronii were of Sabine origin, as indicated by the surname ''Sabinus'', belonging to the legendary figure from the time of Tarquin, and alluded to by coins minted by Publius Petronius Turpilianus, depicting the death of Tarpeia, whom according to legend was persuaded by the Sabines under Titus Tatius to open the citadel to them, in the time of Romulus.Eckhel, vol. v, p. 270 ''ff'', vol. vi., p. 99. The nomen ''Petronius'' appears to be a patronymic surname derived from the Oscan praenomen ''Petro'' or ''Petrus'', the Oscan equ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Governors Of Roman Egypt
During the Roman Empire, the governor of Roman Egypt ''(praefectus Aegypti)'' was a prefect who administered the Roman province of Egypt with the delegated authority ''(imperium)'' of the emperor. Egypt was established as a Roman province in consequence of the Battle of Actium, where Cleopatra as the last independent ruler of Egypt and her Roman ally Mark Antony were defeated by Octavian, the adopted heir of the assassinated Roman dictator Julius Caesar. Octavian then rose to supreme power with the title Augustus, ending the era of the Roman Republic and installing himself as ''princeps'', the so-called "leading citizen" of Rome who in fact acted as an autocratic ruler. Although senators continued to serve as governors of most other provinces (the senatorial provinces), especially those annexed under the Republic, the role of Egypt during the civil war with Antony and its strategic and economic importance prompted Augustus to ensure that no rival could secure ''Aegyptus'' as an as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quintus Rammius Martialis
Quintus Rammius Martialis was a Roman '' eques'' who held at least two important appointments during the reign of the emperors Trajan and Hadrian. His origins and family are not explicitly documented; Anthony Birley guesses he might be a native of Gallia Narbonensis, noting that a freedman Q. Rammius Q.l. Fronto is attested there. Martialis is attested as ''Praefectus vigilum'', or commander of the ''vigiles'' or the night watch of Rome by two inscriptions. The earlier dates to 111. The later dates to 113, and mentions C. Maesius Tertius as his sub-prefect. Several years later he is attested as prefect or governor of Roman Egypt from November 117 to May 119. His primary concern as governor of Egypt was to safeguard the harvest and delivery of grain to the populace of Rome, but surviving letters from his administration show his responsibilities extended further. One concerns an edict of Hadrian that he transmitted to the garrison of Egypt which included the legions III Cyrenaic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Titus Haterius Nepos (consul)
Titus Haterius Nepos was a Roman senator and general, who held several imperial appointments during the reign of Hadrian. He was suffect consul in the year AD 134, immediately succeeding Lucius Julius Ursus Servianus as the colleague of Titus Vibius Varus. According to an inscription found in Fulginiae in Umbria, surmised to be his home town, he received triumphal ornaments for an unspecified military victory, as well as attesting his full name is Titus Haterius Nepos Atinas Probus Publicius Matenianus. = ILS 1058 Life There is an equestrian Titus Haterius Nepos, who was '' praefectus'' of Egypt from the year 120 to 124, but he was clearly a different person from the senatorial Nepos. The first inscription to attest to the senatorial Nepos is from the records of the Arval Brethren, which attest to his presence at two of their functions in 120. This was a priesthood which was only open to senators, not equites; only equites could be procurators of Egypt. From the name it i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colossi Of Memnon
The Colossi of Memnon ( ar, el-Colossat, script=Latn, italic=yes or ''es-Salamat'') are two massive stone statues of the Pharaoh Amenhotep III, which stand at the front of the ruined Mortuary Temple of Amenhotep III, the largest temple in the Theban Necropolis. They have stood since 1350 BC, and were well known to ancient Greeks and Romans, as well as early modern travelers and Egyptologists. The statues contain 107 Roman-era inscriptions in Greek and Latin, dated to between AD 20 and 250; many of these inscriptions on the northernmost statue make reference to the Greek mythological king Memnon, whom the statue was then – erroneously – thought to represent. Scholars have debated how the identification of the northern colossus as "Memnon" is connected to the Greek name for the entire Theban Necropolis as the Memnonium. Description The twin statues depict Amenhotep III ( fl. 14th century BC) in a seated position, his hands resting on his knees and his gaze facing eastwards (a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A Libellis
''Ab epistulis'' was the chancellor's office in the Roman Empire with responsibility for the emperor's correspondence. The office sent ''mandata'' (instructions) to provincial governors and other officials. ''Ab epistulis'' wrote in Latin (''ab epistulis latinis'') and in Greek (''ab epistulis graecis''), and composed the short responses to petitions on behalf of the emperor. Holders of the position usually had a particular vocation for literary matters. Notable ''ab epistulis'' Augustus punished his secretary Thallus "for divulging the contents of a letter". Caligula dictated a letter to an ''ab epistulis''. Narcissus apparently worked as ''ab epistulis'', because he was in charge of the ''grammata'' of Claudius against Agrippina. Beryllus was the ''ab epistulis graecis'' of Nero. The famous biographer Suetonius Tranquillus was ''ab epistulis'' to Hadrian, according to the '' Historia Augusta'' until he was replaced for too-close relations with Empress Sabina.'' Historia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gladiator
A gladiator ( la, gladiator, "swordsman", from , "sword") was an armed combatant who entertained audiences in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in violent confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals. Some gladiators were volunteers who risked their lives and their legal and social standing by appearing in the arena. Most were despised as slaves, schooled under harsh conditions, socially marginalized, and segregated even in death. Irrespective of their origin, gladiators offered spectators an example of Rome's martial ethics and, in fighting or dying well, they could inspire admiration and popular acclaim. They were celebrated in high and low art, and their value as entertainers was commemorated in precious and commonplace objects throughout the Roman world. The origin of gladiatorial combat is open to debate. There is evidence of it in funeral rites during the Punic Wars of the 3rd century BC, and thereafter it rapidly became an essential fea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Armenia
Roman Armenia refers to the rule of parts of Greater Armenia by the Roman Empire, from the 1st century AD to the end of Late Antiquity. While Armenia Minor had become a client state and incorporated into the Roman Empire proper during the 1st century AD, Greater Armenia remained an independent kingdom under the Arsacid dynasty. Throughout this period, Armenia remained a bone of contention between Rome and the Parthian Empire, as well as the Sasanian Empire that succeeded the latter, and the '' casus belli'' for several of the Roman–Persian Wars. Only in 114 was Emperor Trajan able to conquer and incorporate it as a short-lived Roman province. In the late 4th century, Armenia was divided between Rome and the Sasanians, who took control of the larger part of the Armenian Kingdom and in the mid-5th century abolished the Armenian monarchy. In the 6th and 7th centuries, Armenia once again became a battleground between the East Romans ( Byzantines) and the Sasanians, until both powe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Procurator (ancient Rome)
Procurator (plural: ''Procuratores'') was a title of certain officials (not magistrates) in ancient Rome who were in charge of the financial affairs of a province, or imperial governor of a minor province. Fiscal officers A fiscal procurator (''procurator Augusti'') was the chief financial officer of a province during the Principate (30 BC – AD 284). A fiscal procurator worked alongside the ''legatus Augusti pro praetore'' (imperial governor) of his province but was not subordinate to him, reporting directly to the emperor. The governor headed the civil and judicial administration of the province and was the commander-in-chief of all military units deployed there. The procurator, with his own staff and agents, was in charge of the province's financial affairs, including the following primary responsibilities: *the collection of taxes, especially the land tax (''tributum soli''), poll tax (''tributum capitis''), and the ''portorium'', an imperial duty on the carriage of goods o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
