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Tier 3 Network
A Tier 2 network is an Internet service provider which engages in the practice of peering with other networks, but which also purchases IP transit to reach some portion of the Internet. Tier 2 providers are the most common Internet service providers, as it is much easier to purchase transit from a Tier 1 network than to peer with them and attempt to become a Tier 1 carrier. The term Tier 3 is sometimes also used to describe networks who solely purchase IP transit from other networks to reach the Internet. List of large or important Tier 2 networks See also * Peering point *Network access point Internet exchange points (IXes or IXPs) are common grounds of IP networking, allowing participant Internet service providers (ISPs) to exchange data destined for their respective networks. IXPs are generally located at places with preexisting ... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Tier 2 Network Internet architecture ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internet Connectivity Distribution & Core
The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a ''internetworking, network of networks'' that consists of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents and Web application, applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), email, electronic mail, internet telephony, telephony, and file sharing. The origins of the Internet date back to the development of packet switching and research commissioned by the United States Department of Defense in the 1960s to enable time-sharing of computers. The primary precursor network, the ARPANET, initially served as a backbone for interconnection of regional academic and mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singtel
Singapore Telecommunications Limited, commonly known as Singtel, is a Singaporean telecommunications conglomerate and one of the four major telcos operating in the country. The company is the largest mobile network operator in Singapore with 4.1 million subscribers and through subsidiaries, has a combined mobile subscriber base of 640 million customers at the end of financial year 2017. The company was known as Telecommunications Equipment until 1995. Singtel provides ISP, IPTV (Singtel TV) and mobile phone networks and fixed line telephony services. Singtel has expanded aggressively outside its home market and owns shares in many regional operators, including full ownership of Australia's second largest telco Optus and 32.15% of Bharti Airtel, the second largest carrier in India. Singtel controls significant market share in Australia and Singapore, with 82% of the fixed-line market, 47% of the mobile market and 43% of the broadband market in Singapore. Singtel is also t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internet Initiative Japan
(IIJ, ) was founded in 1992 by Koichi Suzuki, as Japan’s first Internet service provider An Internet service provider (ISP) is an organization that provides services for accessing, using, or participating in the Internet. ISPs can be organized in various forms, such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise private ... (ISP). From 1999 IIJ were listed on NASDAQ, USA (listed August 1999; ticker symbol IIJI) and as of 2006 were listed on the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange (listed December 2006; stock ticker number: 3774). References External links Internet in Japan Internet service providers of Japan Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange Telecommunications companies established in 1992 Domain name registrars Mobile virtual network operators Internet properties established in 1992 Japanese companies established in 1992 {{Japan-company-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TDC A/S
TDC Holding A/S or TDC Group (formerly Tele Danmark Communications) is a Danish telecommunications company dating back to 1879. TDC Group is the largest telecommunications company in Denmark. The company's headquarters are located in Copenhagen. TDC Holding is the holding company of two separate companies which were spun-off from TDC; Nuuday A/S and TDC NET A/S. All consumer related services and brands were placed under Nuuday, and the ownership and maintenance of physical infrastructure of mobile antennas as well as coax and fibre optical lines were placed under TDC NET. History In 1879, ''Kjøbenhavns By- og Hustelegraf'' was established by telegraph engineer Severin Lauritzen and telegraphist Th. Thaulow. The company set up private telephone lines over shorter distances, for example between offices and factories. In addition, it offered telegraph service in Copenhagen using small telegraph stations around the city that could communicate by telephone. On 21 August 1882, Car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verizon
Verizon Communications Inc., commonly known as Verizon, is an American multinational telecommunications conglomerate and a corporate component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. The company is headquartered at 1095 Avenue of the Americas in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, but is Delaware General Corporation Law, incorporated in Delaware. The company was formed in 1984 as Bell Atlantic as part of the breakup of the Bell System, break up of the Bell System into seven companies, each a Regional Bell Operating Company (RBOC), commonly referred to as "Baby Bells". Headquartered in Philadelphia, it originally had an operating area from New Jersey to Virginia. In 1997, Bell Atlantic expanded into New York (state), New York and the New England states by merging with fellow Baby Bell NYNEX. While Bell Atlantic was the surviving company, the merged company moved its headquarters from Philadelphia to NYNEX's old headquarters in New York City. In 2000, Bell Atlantic acquired GTE, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PCCW
PCCW Limited (formerly known as Pacific Century CyberWorks Limited) is a Hong Kong-based information and communications technology (ICT) company. The company is the majority owner of telecommunications company HKT Limited, and also holds a majority interest in Pacific Century Premium Developments Limited. PCCW is headquartered in Hong Kong and operates in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Americas, mainland China, and other parts of Asia. Main business and subsidiaries HKT Limited Subsidiaries and services * Netvigator * CSL Mobile ("csl", "1O1O" and "Club SIM") * Sun Mobile (majority stake) * PPS (Payment by Phone Service) – a bill payment service provided by HKT and EPS. * The Club – a Hong Kong customer loyalty programme. * HKT Teleservices – formerly PCCW Teleservices, a contact centers and business process outsourcing provider * HKT Payment Limited – the developer of "Tap & Go", a prepaid mobile payment service for Hong Kong users. * HKT-eye – over-the- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SK Broadband
SK Broadband, Inc. , formerly known as Hanaro Telecom, is a Seoul-based telecommunications company and a wholly owned subsidiary of SK Telecom. It is one of the largest broadband Internet access providers in South Korea. Until its takeover in 2008, Hanaro controlled nearly half of the Korean landline market, as it was the only last mile-competitive local exchange carrier ( CLEC) other than the state-owned KT Corp. SK Broadband also has a division known as "Broad &" that controls a large portion of the South Korean calling card market. In October 2014, SK Broadband unveiled the world's first 10 Gbit/s Internet service at the ITU Plenipotentiary Conference. The new Internet service is 100 times faster than existing LAN services in South Korea, which deliver download speeds of 100 Mbit/s. History Originally a domestic fixed-line carrier, Hanaro Telecom entered the broadband market in 1999 and grew from there to become a ‘ Triple-Play’ provider with VoIP service, broadband Int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HGC Global Communications
HGC Global Communications Limited, formerly known as Hutchison Global Communications Limited (abb. HGC), is an internet service provider of Hong Kong. In the past it was part of Hutchison Telecommunications (Hong Kong), itself part of a mega-conglomerate CK Hutchison Holdings. Hutchison Global Communications was a listed company, via its parent company Hutchison Global Communications Holdings from 2004 to 2005. In July 2017, Hutchison sold HGC to a private equity fund Asia Cube Global. History Hutchison Global Communications (HGC) was a major investor in the fibre-optic networks of Hong Kong. In 2003, the year of deregulation of the market of telecommunication of Hong Kong, HGC was one of the competitor of PCCW, the dominant operator at that time, which PCCW was majority owned by Richard Li, the younger son of the chairman of Hutchison Whampoa, Li Ka-shing. HGC became a joint venture of Hutchison Whampoa and Global Crossing from 2000 to 2002. In 2004, a Bermuda incorporated, H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telecom Italia
Gruppo TIM, legally TIM S.p.A. (formerly Telecom Italia S.p.A.), also known as the TIM Group in English, is an Italian telecommunications company with headquarters in Rome, Milan, and Naples, (with the Telecom Italia Tower) which provides fixed telephony and DSL data services. It is the largest Italian telecommunications services provider in revenues and subscribers. It was founded in 1994 by the merger of several state-owned telecommunications companies, the most prominent of which was Società Italiana per l'Esercizio Telefonico p.A., (known as ''SIP''), the former state monopoly telephone operator in Italy. The company's stock is traded in the Borsa Italiana. Since 2017, the Italian State exercises on TIM the "Golden Power", which allows the government to take a number of actions when the strategic interests of the country are concerned. History 1925–1964: Stipel and early mandatory phone tax In 1925, the phone network was reorganised by the Benito Mussolini cabinet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KT Corporation
KT Corporation (Hangul: 주식회사 케이티), formerly Korea Telecom, is a South Korean telecommunications company. KT is the second-largest wireless carrier in South Korea, with 16.493 million subscribers as of Q4 2017. The formerly fully-state-owned firm (the government's National Pension Service currently owns 12.19% shares and is the largest shareholder) is South Korea's first telecommunications company and is a major supplier of the local landline and broadband internet market, serving about 90 percent of the country's fixed-line subscribers and 45 percent of high-speed Internet users. After selling its wireless affiliate Korea Mobile Telecom in 1994, KT returned to the wireless market with the creation of PCS carrier KTF in January 1997. The company's merger with KTF, its wireless subsidiary, in 2009 made it the country's ninth largest chaebol (conglomerate) with nearly 24 trillion won in assets as of 2009. In January 2011, KT launched unified brand "Olleh" for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zayo Group
Zayo Group Holdings, Inc., or Zayo Group, is a privately held company headquartered in Boulder, Colorado, U.S. with European headquarters in London, England. The company provides communications infrastructure services, including fiber and bandwidth connectivity, colocation and cloud infrastructure. Zayo's primary customer segments include wireless carriers, national carriers, ISPs, enterprises and government agencies. Zayo Group was built largely through acquisitions; it took over thirty companies from 2007 to 2014, including AboveNet and 360networks. An initial public offering of stock raised $600 million in 2014. In May 2019, Zayo Group agreed to be acquired by global investment firms EQT Partners and Digital Colony Partners in a deal valued at $14.3 billion. Founding and acquisition history Zayo was founded in 2007 by Dan Caruso and John Scarano as a Delaware corporation. In 2007, Zayo acquired Memphis Networx, VoicePipe, Onvoy Inc, PPL Telcom and Indiana Fiber Works. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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