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Thomas Standfield
Thomas Standfield (11 November 1789 – 19 February 1864) was an English agricultural worker, Methodist and trade union organiser. Early life Thomas Standfield was born in Tolpuddle, Dorset, England to Robert and Elizabeth (née Baker) Standfield. Trade unionism George Loveless, Standfield, and other workers petitioned their employers for a wage increase to ten shillings per week, which was agreed by their masters and witnessed by the local Anglican priest. However, the employers soon reneged on the deal reducing their wage to 6 shillings per week, which was insufficient for a comfortable life. The workers then joined the nascent Grand National Consolidated Trades Union (GNCTU) and formed a local branch. As laws prohibiting trade unions had been repealed, the employers conspired with the authorities to use an obscure law forbidding secret oaths to arrest and prosecute the men. At a trial in Dorchester on 19 March 1834, Standfield and five other men were sentenced to seven years' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tolpuddle
Tolpuddle () is a village in Dorset, England, on the River Piddle from which it takes its name, east of Dorchester, the county town, and west of Poole. The estimated population in 2013 was 420. The village was home to the Tolpuddle Martyrs, six men who were sentenced to be transported to Australia after they formed a friendly society in 1833. A row of cottages, housing agricultural workers and a museum, and a row of seated statues commemorate the martyrs. The annual Tolpuddle Martyrs festival is held in the village on the third weekend of July. An ancient sycamore tree on the village green, known as the Martyrs' Tree, is said to be the place where the Martyrs swore their oath. It is cared for by the National Trust. The Martyrs Inn public house is owned by nearby Athelhampton House Athelhampton (also known as Admiston or Adminston) is a settlement and civil parish in Dorset, England, situated approximately east of Dorchester. It consists of a manor house and a former ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorset
Dorset ( ; archaically: Dorsetshire , ) is a county in South West England on the English Channel coast. The ceremonial county comprises the unitary authority areas of Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole and Dorset (unitary authority), Dorset. Covering an area of , Dorset borders Devon to the west, Somerset to the north-west, Wiltshire to the north-east, and Hampshire to the east. The county town is Dorchester, Dorset, Dorchester, in the south. After the Local Government Act 1972, reorganisation of local government in 1974, the county border was extended eastward to incorporate the Hampshire towns of Bournemouth and Christchurch. Around half of the population lives in the South East Dorset conurbation, while the rest of the county is largely rural with a low population density. The county has a long history of human settlement stretching back to the Neolithic era. The Roman conquest of Britain, Romans conquered Dorset's indigenous Durotriges, Celtic tribe, and during the Ear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Loveless (preacher)
George Loveless (2 February 1797 – 26 December 1874) was a British Methodist preacher and a leader of a group of six agricultural workers who became known as the Tolpuddle Martyrs. Early life Loveless was born in Tolpuddle, Dorset, England to Thomas Loveless and his wife Dinah. From childhood he worked as a ploughman and, by 1830, had become a prominent community leader and Wesleyan preacher. Tolpuddle Martyrs In the early 1830s he represented agricultural labourers from Dorchester in discussions with farmers, who agreed to raise wages to ten shillings a week. However in Tolpuddle, farmers only agreed to pay nine shillings, and later reduced wages to seven shillings and threatened a further cut to six shillings. As a consequence, in October 1833 Loveless formed a Friendly Society of Agricultural Labourers. Although trade unionism was not illegal, Loveless and his five co-leaders were found guilty of administering unlawful oaths, a felony under an Act of 1797. Loveless and his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand National Consolidated Trades Union
The Grand National Consolidated Trades Union of 1834 was an early attempt to form a national union confederation in the United Kingdom. There had been several attempts to form national general unions in the 1820s, culminating with the National Association for the Protection of Labour, established in 1830. However, this had soon failed, and by the early 1830s the most influential labour organization was the Operative Builders' Union.G. N. Clark, ''New Cambridge Modern History: the zenith of European power, 1830-70'', p.346 In 1833, Robert Owen returned from the United States, and declared the need for a guild-based system of co-operative production. He was able to gain the support of the Builders' Union, which called for a Grand National Guild to take over the entire building trade. In February 1834, a conference was held in London which founded the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union.Ivor Marsh et al, ''Historical Directory of Trade Unions'', p.458 The new body, unlike ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tolpuddle Martyrs
The Tolpuddle Martyrs were six agricultural labourers from the village of Tolpuddle in Dorset, England, who, in 1834, were convicted of swearing a secret oath as members of the Friendly Society of Agricultural Labourers. They were arrested on charges under an obscure act during a labour dispute against cutting wages before being convicted in ''R v Lovelass, R v Loveless and Others'' and sentenced to penal transportation to Australia. They were pardoned in 1836 after mass protests by sympathisers and support from John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, Lord John Russell and returned to England between 1837 and 1839. The Tolpuddle Martyrs became a popular cause for the early Trade union, union and workers' rights movements. Historical events Background In 1799 and 1800, the Combination Acts in the Kingdom of Great Britain had outlawed "combining" or organising to gain better working conditions, passed by Parliament of the United Kingdom, Parliament because of a political scare followin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surry (1811 Ship)
''Surry'', also known as ''Surrey'', was a square-rigged transport ship, which had an especially long career transporting convicts to Australia. In 11 voyages, the most of any convict transport, she brought 2,177 convicts, male and female, and so became one of the best-known of the vessels that visited Australia. In all, she lost 51 men and one woman during her various passages, 46 of the men dying during her first and most notorious voyage in 1814 when she was under the command of James Patterson. The high death toll on her first voyage led to a Board of Enquiry, which blamed neglect by the Master and Surgeon. ''Surry's'' last convict trip ended when she reached Hobart on 11 August 1842. Thereafter the ship was used as a cargo vessel. Description ''Surry'' was a square-rigged transport ship of 443 tons burthen. She had an overall length of 117 ft. 6 ins., a breadth above the gunwales of 29 ft. 6 ins, and a draught, when loaded, of 18 ft. She was copper-sheat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maitland, New South Wales
Maitland () is a city in the Lower Hunter Valley of New South Wales, Australia and the seat of Maitland City Council, situated on the Hunter River approximately by road north of Sydney and north-west of Newcastle. It is on the New England Highway approximately from its origin at Hexham. At the it had approximately 78,015 inhabitants, spread over an area of , with most of the population located in a strip along the New England Highway between the suburbs of Rutherford and Metford respectively. The city centre is located on the right bank of the Hunter River, protected from moderate potential flooding by a levee. Surrounding areas include the cities of Cessnock and Singleton local government areas. History The Wonnarua People were the first known people of this land. They called the area where Maitland is now situated, by the name Bo-un after a species of bird. From around 1816, cedar logging parties from the convict settlement of Newcastle were the first Europeans to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William IV
William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 – 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death in 1837. The third son of George III, William succeeded his elder brother George IV, becoming the last king and penultimate monarch of Britain's House of Hanover. William served in the Royal Navy in his youth, spending time in North America and the Caribbean, and was later nicknamed the "Sailor King". In 1789, he was created Duke of Clarence and St Andrews. In 1827, he was appointed Britain's first Lord High Admiral since 1709. As his two elder brothers died without leaving legitimate issue, he inherited the throne when he was 64 years old. His reign saw several reforms: the Poor Law was updated, child labour restricted, slavery abolished in nearly all of the British Empire, and the electoral system refashioned by the Reform Acts of 1832. Although William did not engage in politics as m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greensted
Greensted is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Ongar, Essex, England, strung out along the Greensted Road approximately one mile to the west of Chipping Ongar. In 1961 the parish had a population of 711. Toponymy Greensted's full name is Greensted-juxta-Ongar (Greensted adjoining Ongar) but this title is considered archaic now, and the settlement is known locally by its primary title. Greensted means green place, ''sted'' being in the Anglo-Saxon language, the old word for place (and is still used in modern English words e.g. 'instead', 'steadfast'). Greensted is also both a current English and, as Grønstad, Danish surname. The area of England where Greensted is located is at the edge of the area once known as the Danelaw. There is also a part of Vestre Bokn in Rogaland, Norway, called Grønnestad. About 200 people in Norway has Grønnestad as a last name, likely derived from the farm in the area. Greensted is situated in a large natural clearing, and wou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Laver
High Laver is a village and civil parish in the Epping Forest district of the county of Essex, England. The parish is noted for its association with the philosopher John Locke. History High Laver is historically a rural agricultural parish, predominantly arable. In 1086 there were 1428 acres of arable land, woodland for 200 pigs and 37½ acres of meadow. The 1881 census data collected indicates that the majority of the male population were employed in agriculture. High Laver school was founded 1866 with accommodation for 75 children. At one point the school breached its capacity with a total of 132 pupils attending. Pupils of High Laver today typically attend Magdalen Laver school, west from High Laver. The manor of Otes may originally have been part of Little Laver. It was purchased around 1614 by William Masham, and passed to his son Sir William Masham, 1st Baronet. When John Locke, British philosopher, died in 1704, he was buried at High Laver, where he had lived at Otes as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
London, Ontario
London (pronounced ) is a city in southwestern Ontario, Canada, along the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor. The city had a population of 422,324 according to the 2021 Canadian census. London is at the confluence of the Thames River, approximately from both Toronto and Detroit; and about from Buffalo, New York. The city of London is politically separate from Middlesex County, though it remains the county seat. London and the Thames were named in 1793 by John Graves Simcoe, who proposed the site for the capital city of Upper Canada. The first European settlement was between 1801 and 1804 by Peter Hagerman. The village was founded in 1826 and incorporated in 1855. Since then, London has grown to be the largest southwestern Ontario municipality and Canada's 11th largest metropolitan area, having annexed many of the smaller communities that surround it. London is a regional centre of healthcare and education, being home to the University of Western Ontario (which brands it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1789 Births
Events January–March * January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution. * January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential election and House of Representatives elections are held. * January 9 – Treaty of Fort Harmar: The terms of the Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784) and the Treaty of Fort McIntosh, between the United States Government and certain native American tribes, are reaffirmed, with some minor changes. * January 21 – The first American novel, ''The Power of Sympathy or the Triumph of Nature Founded in Truth'', is printed in Boston, Massachusetts. The anonymous author is William Hill Brown. * January 23 – Georgetown University is founded in Georgetown, Maryland (today part of Washington, D.C.), as the first Roman Catholic college in the United States. * January 29 – In Vietnam, Emperor Quang Trung crushes the Chinese Qing forces in Ngá» ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
