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The Right To The City
The right to the city is an idea and a slogan first proposed by Henri Lefebvre in his 1968 book . This idea has been taken up more recently by social movements, thinkers, and certain progressive local authorities as a call to action to reclaim the city as a co-created space: a place for life detached from the growing effects that commodification and capitalism are proposed to have had over social interaction and the rise of posited spatial inequalities in worldwide cities throughout the last two centuries. Overview In his first inception of the concept, Lefebvre paid specific emphasis on the effects that capitalism had over “the city”, whereby urban life was downgraded into a commodity, social interaction became increasingly uprooted and urban space and governance were turned into exclusive goods. In opposition to this trend, Lefebvre raised a call to “rescue the citizen as main element and protagonist of the city that he himself had built” and to transform urban space ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leszek Kolakowski And Henri Lefebvre 1971
Leszek () is a Slavic names, Slavic Polish language, Polish male given name, originally ''Lestko'', ''Leszko'' or ''Lestek'', related to Lech (name), ''Lech'', ''Lechosław'' and Czech language, Czech ''Lstimir''. Individuals named Leszek celebrate their name day on June 3. Notable people * Lestko * Leszek I (other) * Leszek II (other) * Leszek III * Leszek, Duke of Masovia (ca 1162–1186) * Leszek I the White (1186/1187-1227) * Leszek II the Black (1241–1288) * Leszek Balcerowicz, a Poland, Polish economist, the former chairman of the National Bank of Poland and Deputy Prime Minister * Leszek Bebło (born 1966), Polish long-distance runner, 1993 Paris Marathon champion * Leszek Blanik, 2008 Olympic gold medalist in vault (gymnastics) * Leszek Kołakowski (1927–2009), Polish philosopher * Leszek Miller, former Prime Minister of Poland * Leszek Borysiewicz, Sir Leszek Krysztof Borysiewicz, British academic and university administrator * Leszek A Gasieniec, Pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Poor People's Alliance Outside The Constitutional Court 14 May 2009
''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with pronouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of pronoun ''thee'') when followed by a v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Philosophy
Political philosophy or political theory is the philosophical study of government, addressing questions about the nature, scope, and legitimacy of public agents and institutions and the relationships between them. Its topics include politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law, and the enforcement of laws by authority: what they are, if they are needed, what makes a government legitimate, what rights and freedoms it should protect, what form it should take, what the law is, and what duties citizens owe to a legitimate government, if any, and when it may be legitimately overthrown, if ever. Political theory also engages questions of a broader scope, tackling the political nature of phenomena and categories such as identity, culture, sexuality, race, wealth, human-nonhuman relations, ethics, religion, and more. Political science, the scientific study of politics, is generally used in the singular, but in French and Spanish the plural (''sciences politiques'' and ''cienci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Z Communications
Z Communications is a left-wing activist-oriented media group founded in 1986 by Michael Albert and Lydia Sargent.Max Elbaum''Revolution in the Air: Sixties Radicals Turn to Lenin, Mao and Che'' London, England, UK; New York, New York, US: Verso, 2002. p. 296. It is, in broad terms, ideologically libertarian socialist, anti-capitalist, and heavily influenced by participatory economics, although much of its content is focused on critical commentary of foreign affairs. Its publications include ''Z Magazine'', ''ZNet'', and ''Z Video''. Since early November 2022, they have all been regrouped under the name ''ZNetwork''. History ''Zeta Magazine'' was founded by Michael Albert and Lydia Sargent in 1987, both of whom had previously co-founded South End Press. It was renamed ''Z Magazine'' in 1989. Founded in 1994, Z Media Institute provides classes and other sessions in how to start and produce alternative media, how to better understand media, and how to develop organising sk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Progressivism
Progressivism holds that it is possible to improve human societies through political action. As a political movement, progressivism seeks to advance the human condition through social reform based on purported advancements in science, technology, economic development, and social organization. Adherents hold that progressivism has universal application and endeavor to spread this idea to human societies everywhere. Progressivism arose during the Age of Enlightenment out of the belief that civility in Europe was improving due to the application of new empirical knowledge to the governance of society.Harold Mah''Enlightenment Phantasies: Cultural Identity in France and Germany, 1750–1914'' Cornell University. (2003). p. 157. In modern political discourse, progressivism gets often associated with social liberalism, a left-leaning type of liberalism, in contrast to the right-leaning neoliberalism, combining support for a mixed economy with cultural liberalism. In the 21st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Rights City
A Human Rights City is a municipality that engages with human rights. There are other definitions of human rights city available which are more specific and look at the human rights city from a particular angle. One says that a Human Rights City is a municipality that refers explicitly to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards and/or law in their policies, statements, and programs. Another definition states that a Human Rights City is 'a city which is organised around norms and principles of human rights'. This sociological definition emphasises the Human Rights City as a process to which to a varying degree a variety of agents contribute: from activists, experts and academics to international organisations, state governments, and local authorities and officials. Also, this definition does not qualify human rights as international, based on the fact that cities sometimes articulate human rights in their own charters in ways that have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcelo Lopes De Souza
Marcelo Lopes de Souza is a professor of socio-spatial development and political ecology at the Department of Geography of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, where he co-ordinates theNúcleo de Pesquisas sobre Desenvolvimento Sócio-Espacial/NuPeD(Research Centre on Socio-Spatial Development). He received the first prize of the German Society of Research on Latin America in 1994 for his PhD thesis (which was published in Germany) about the urban question in Brazil, and the Jabuti Award (this prize is given every year to Brazil’s best literary and scientific works by the Brazilian Book Chamber) for his book ''O desafio metropolitano'' (''The Metropolitan Challenge'') in 2001. His book ''Fobópole: O medo generalizado e a militarização da questão urbana'' (''Phobopolis: Generalised Fear and the Militarisation of the Urban Question''), published in 2008, was nominated for the Jabuti Award in 2009. Intellectual Contribution He pioneered the study of spatiality and the soci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
São Paulo
São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for 'Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaWC as an alpha global city, São Paulo is the most populous city proper in the Americas, the Western Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere, as well as the world's 4th largest city proper by population. Additionally, São Paulo is the largest Portuguese-speaking city in the world. It exerts strong international influences in commerce, finance, arts and entertainment. The city's name honors the Apostle, Saint Paul of Tarsus. The city's metropolitan area, the Greater São Paulo, ranks as the most populous in Brazil and the 12th most populous on Earth. The process of conurbation between the metropolitan areas around the Greater São Paulo (Campinas, Santos, Jundiaí, Sorocaba and São José dos Campos) created the São Paulo Macrometr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban Studies (journal)
''Urban Studies'' is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering the field of urban studies. The editor-in-chief is Andrew Cumbers (University of Glasgow), and its three managing editors are Jon Bannister, Yingling Fan and Tony O'Sullivan. It was established in 1964 and is published by SAGE Publications on behalf of Urban Studies Journal Ltd. The journal is also closely connected with the Urban Studies Foundation, a charity which awards grants to researchers in the wider urban studies field. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in Scopus and the Social Sciences Citation Index. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', its two-year impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a scientometric index calculated by Clarivate that reflects the yearly mean number of citations of articles published in the last two years in a given journal, as ... is 4.663, ranking it 32nd out of 125 journals i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Athens Refugee Squats
Athens refugee squats exist since the 2015 spike in the European migrant crisis. Greece has been a destination for migrants seeking refuge on the European continent via the "Balkan Route." Coalitions of solidarity groups and migrants have established squats throughout Athens (mostly in Exarcheia) to house refugees, demonstrating an alternative to solutions offered by the European Union and NGOs. The squats are grouped together in the Coordination of Refugee Squats. Notable projects included 5th School and City Plaza. In late 2019, the New Democracy party declared it would evict all the squats. Background Following the 2008 financial crisis, a Greek government-debt crisis prompted the European Troika to implement austerity policies in the form of three distinct memoranda, despite public protest. Widespread poverty and unemployment led to unstable political conditions, and high percentages of housing and storefronts sat unoccupied. Emerging as an alternative to and critique of EU ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antipode (journal)
''Antipode: A Radical Journal of Geography'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published five times per year by Wiley-Blackwell and produced by The Antipode Foundation. Its coverage centers on critical human geography and it seeks to encourage radical spatial theorizations based on Marxist, socialist, anarchist, anti-racist, anticolonial, feminist, queer, trans*, green, and postcolonial thought. Originally inspired by the social justice movements of the 1960s, the journal supports progressive causes through the work of the Antipode Foundation, a UK registered charity. ''Antipode'' is also known for its online “Interventions”, its book series, and its diverse workshops and lectures. The chief co-editors are Sharad Chari, Tariq Jazeel, Katherine McKittrick, Jenny Pickerill and Nik Theodore. History ''Antipode'' was founded in 1969 by a group of graduate students and junior faculty of the Geography Department at Clark University. It was conceived at the end of a gradua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
City Statute
The City Statute ( pt, Estatuto da Cidade) is a federal law (Law 10.257) passed in Brazil in 2001 that builds on the Federal Constitution of Brazil to create a new legal-urban order to provide land access and equity in large urban cities. It is premised on the idea of the Right to the city and emerged as a result of many years of popular struggle."Implementing the Right to the City in Brazil?" ''Sustainable Cities Collective'', 2012 It has two main functions. The first is to ensure that the 'social function' of urban land and buildings is put before their commercial value. This has been defined as "the prioritization of use value
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