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The Lucifer Effect
''The Lucifer Effect: Understanding How Good People Turn Evil'' is a 2007 book which includes professor Philip Zimbardo's first detailed, written account of the events surrounding the 1971 Stanford Prison Experiment (SPE) — a prison simulation study which had to be discontinued after only six days due to several distressing outcomes and mental breaks of the participants. The book includes over 30 years of subsequent research into the psychological and social factors which result in immoral acts being committed by otherwise moral people. It also examines the Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse, prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib in 2003, which has similarities to the Stanford experiment. The title takes its name from the pious story of the favored angel of God, Lucifer, his fallen angel#Fall of Lucifer, fall from grace, and his assumption of the role of Satan, the embodiment of evil. The book was briefly on The New York Times Best Seller list, ''The New York Times'' Non-Fiction Best Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip Zimbardo
Philip George Zimbardo (; born March 23, 1933) is an American psychologist and a professor emeritus at Stanford University. He became known for his 1971 Stanford prison experiment, which was later severely criticized for both ethical and scientific reasons. He has authored various introductory psychology textbooks for college students, and other notable works, including ''The Lucifer Effect'', ''The Time Paradox'', and ''The Time Cure''. He is also the founder and president of the Heroic Imagination Project. Early life Zimbardo was born in New York City on March 23, 1933, to a family of Italian immigrants from Cammarata in Sicily. Early in life he experienced discrimination and prejudice, growing up poor on welfare and being Italian. He was often mistaken for other races and ethnicities such as Jewish, Puerto Rican or black. Zimbardo has said these experiences early in life triggered his curiosity about people's behavior, and later influenced his research in school. He complet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milgram Experiment
The Milgram experiment(s) on obedience to authority figures were a series of social psychology experiments conducted by Yale University psychologist Stanley Milgram. They measured the willingness of study participants, 40 men in the age range of 20 to 50 from a diverse range of occupations with varying levels of education, to obey an authority figure who instructed them to perform acts conflicting with their personal conscience. Participants were led to believe that they were assisting an unrelated experiment, in which they had to administer electric shocks to a "learner". These fake electric shocks gradually increased to levels that would have been fatal had they been real. The experiment found, unexpectedly, that a very high proportion of subjects would fully obey the instructions, with every participant going up to 300 volts, and 65% going up to the full 450 volts. Milgram first described his research in a 1963 article in the ''Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology'' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Psychology
Social psychology is the scientific study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the real or imagined presence of other people or by social norms. Social psychologists typically explain human behavior as a result of the relationship between mental states and social situations, studying the social conditions under which thoughts, feelings, and behaviors occur, and how these variables influence social interactions. History Although issues in social psychology have been discussed in philosophy for much of human history, the scientific discipline of social psychology formally began in the late 19th to early 20th century. 19th century In the 19th century, social psychology began to emerge from the larger field of psychology. At the time, many psychologists were concerned with developing concrete explanations for the different aspects of human nature. They attempted to discover concrete cause-and-effect relationships that explained social interactions. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rose McDermott
Rose McDermott is an American political scientist who is the David and Marianna Fisher University Professor of International Relations at Brown University. She has also taught at Cornell, UCSB, and Harvard. She is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the recipient of numerous awards and fellowships. Her work is situated at the intersection of several disciplines including political science, psychology, biology, methods, development, and gender studies. Early life and education McDermott was raised in Hawaii, United States. Her father was in the Navy. She has a B.A. in Political Science from Stanford University (1984), M.A. in Political Science from Columbia University (1986), M.A. in Experimental Social Psychology from Stanford University (1988), M.A. in Political Science from Stanford University (1990) and a PhD in Political Science from Stanford University (1991). At Columbia University, she was strongly influenced by Robert Jervis Robert Jervis (April ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christina Maslach
Christina Maslach (born January 21, 1946) is an American social psychologist and professor emerita of psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, known for her research on occupational burnout. She is a co-author of the Maslach Burnout InventoryMaslach, C.; Jackson, S.E. (1981). "The measurement of experienced burnout". ''Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2,'' 99–113. and Areas of Worklife Survey. Early in her professional career, Maslach was instrumental in stopping the Stanford prison experiment. In 1997, she was awarded the U.S. Professor of the Year. Education and career Maslach graduated from Radcliffe College (1967) and earned a Ph.D. in Psychology at Stanford University (1971).Curriculum vitae , retrieved 2012-06-22. After receiving her Ph.D., Maslach joined the psychology department at Ber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
