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The Independent
''The Independent'' is a British online newspaper. It was established in 1986 as a national morning printed paper. Nicknamed the ''Indy'', it began as a broadsheet and changed to Tabloid (newspaper format), tabloid format in 2003. The last printed edition was published on Saturday 26 March 2016, leaving only the online edition. The newspaper was controlled by Tony O'Reilly's Irish Independent News & Media from 1997 until it was sold to the Russian oligarch and former KGB Officer Alexander Lebedev in 2010. In 2017, Sultan Muhammad Abuljadayel bought a 30% stake in it. The daily edition was named National Newspaper of the Year at the 2004 British Press Awards. The website and mobile app had a combined monthly reach of 19,826,000 in 2021. History 1986 to 1990 Launched in 1986, the first issue of ''The Independent'' was published on 7 October in broadsheet format.Dennis Griffiths (ed.) ''The Encyclopedia of the British Press, 1422–1992'', London & Basingstoke: Macmillan, 199 ...
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The Independent News Logo
''The'' () is a grammatical Article (grammar), article in English language, English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the Most common words in English, most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with pronouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant s ...
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Alexander Lebedev
Alexander Yevgenievich Lebedev ( rus, Александр Евгеньевич Лебедев, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr jɪvˈɡʲenʲjɪvʲɪtɕ ˈlʲebʲɪdʲɪf; born 16 December 1959) is a Russian businessman, and has been referred to as one of the Russian oligarchs. Until 1992, he was an officer in the First Chief Directorate (Foreign Intelligence) of the Soviet Union′s KGB and later one of the KGB's successor-agencies, Russia's Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR). In early 2008, he was listed as the 39th richest Russian, and worth an estimated US$3.1 billion by ''Forbes'' magazine, but by October 2008 he was worth $300 million. In March 2012, ''Forbes'' estimated his fortune at US$1.1 billion. His fortune has since declined, and he is no longer considered to be a billionaire. He is part owner of the Russian newspaper '' Novaya Gazeta'' and owner of two UK newspapers with his son Evgeny Lebedev: the ''Evening Standard'' and ''The Independent''. In May 2022 Leb ...
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Masthead (British Publishing)
The nameplate (American English) or masthead (British English)The Guardian: ''Newspaper terminology''
Linked 2013-06-16
of a or is its designed title as it appears on the front page or cover. Another very common term for it in the newspaper industry is "the flag". It is part of the publication's ing, with a specific

Conrad Black
Conrad Moffat Black, Baron Black of Crossharbour (born 25 August 1944), is a Canadian-born British former newspaper publisher, businessman, and writer. His father was businessman George Montegu Black II, who had significant holdings in Canadian manufacturing, retail and media businesses through part-ownership of the holding company Ravelston Corporation. In 1978, two years after their father's death, Conrad and his older brother Montegu took majority control of Ravelston. Over the next seven years, Conrad Black sold off most of their non-media holdings in order to focus on newspaper publishing. Black controlled Hollinger International, once the world's third-largest English-language newspaper empire, which published ''The Daily Telegraph'' (UK), ''Chicago Sun-Times'' (US), ''The Jerusalem Post'' (Israel), ''National Post'' (Canada), and hundreds of community newspapers in North America, before controversy erupted over the sale of some of the company's assets. He was granted a ...
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Sunday Correspondent
''The Sunday Correspondent'' was a short-lived British weekly national broadsheet newspaper. The newspaper first appeared on 17 September 1989; the title ceased publication with the last issue on 25 November 1990. It was edited by Peter Cole for most of its existence.Peter Col"Sunday Wars" ''The Spectator'', 24 August 1990, p. 17 Cole later entered academia. Launch On launching, the paper billed itself as the first new quality Sunday title for 28 years (since the launch of ''The Sunday Telegraph'' in 1961). The Chicago-based Tribune Company, publishers of the ''Chicago Tribune'' newspaper, were one of the investors in the new venture. Others included the Prudential Group and Rothschild Ventures, among other banking and financial institutions.Jennifer Cunningha"New Sundays set for head-on collision" ''The Glasgow Herald'', 20 July 1989 Interviewed in July 1989 by ''The Glasgow Herald'', chief executive Nick Shott said the new title was to be aimed at younger readers of ''The Guar ...
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The Times
''The Times'' is a British daily national newspaper based in London. It began in 1785 under the title ''The Daily Universal Register'', adopting its current name on 1 January 1788. ''The Times'' and its sister paper ''The Sunday Times'' (founded in 1821) are published by Times Newspapers, since 1981 a subsidiary of News UK, in turn wholly owned by News Corp. ''The Times'' and ''The Sunday Times'', which do not share editorial staff, were founded independently and have only had common ownership since 1966. In general, the political position of ''The Times'' is considered to be centre-right. ''The Times'' is the first newspaper to have borne that name, lending it to numerous other papers around the world, such as ''The Times of India'', ''The New York Times'', and more recently, digital-first publications such as TheTimesBlog.com (Since 2017). In countries where these other titles are popular, the newspaper is often referred to as , or as , although the newspaper is of nationa ...
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Wapping Dispute
The Wapping dispute was a lengthy failed strike by print workers in London in 1986. Print unions tried to block distribution of ''The Sunday Times'', along with other newspapers in Rupert Murdoch's News International group, after production was shifted to a new plant in Wapping in January 1986. At the new facility, modern computer facilities allowed journalists to input copy directly, rather than involving print union workers who used older " hot-metal" Linotype printing methods. All of the workers were dismissed. The failure of the strike was devastating for the print union workers, and it led both to a general decline in trade union influence in the UK, and to a widespread adoption of modern newspaper publishing practices. Political significance Along with the miners' strike of 1984–85, the Wapping dispute was a significant defeat in the history of the British trade union movement. The 51-week miners' strike of 1984–85 was followed a year later by the 54-week "Wapping ...
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Rupert Murdoch
Keith Rupert Murdoch ( ; born 11 March 1931) is an Australian-born American business magnate. Through his company News Corp, he is the owner of hundreds of local, national, and international publishing outlets around the world, including in the UK ('' The Sun'' and ''The Times)'', in Australia (''The Daily Telegraph, Herald Sun'', and ''The Australian)'', in the US (''The Wall Street Journal'' and the ''New York Post''), book publisher HarperCollins, and the television broadcasting channels Sky News Australia and Fox News (through the Fox Corporation). He was also the owner of Sky (until 2018), 21st Century Fox ( until 2019), and the now-defunct '' News of the World''. With a net worth of billion , Murdoch is the 31st richest person in the United States and the 71st richest in the world. After his father's death in 1952, Murdoch took over the running of '' The News'', a small Adelaide newspaper owned by his father. In the 1950s and 1960s, Murdoch acquired a number of new ...
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Marcus Sieff
Marcus Joseph Sieff, Baron Sieff of Brimpton OBE (2 July 1913 – 23 February 2001) was a British businessman and chairman of his family company, the retailer Marks & Spencer, from 1972 to 1982. He was also a leading figure in UK Zionism. Sieff was born in Didsbury, Manchester, the second son of Israel Sieff.Sieff, Marcus Joseph
farlex
He was educated at , St Paul's and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. Starting w ...
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Michael Berry, Baron Hartwell
William Michael Berry, Baron Hartwell MBE (18 May 1911 – 3 April 2001), was a British newspaper proprietor and journalist. Life and career Berry was the second son of Mary Agnes (Corns) and William Berry, 1st Viscount Camrose, and was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. Berry followed his brother Seymour Berry, 2nd Viscount Camrose, as Chairman and Editor-in-Chief of the ''Daily'' and ''Sunday Telegraph'' newspapers. He remained in this role until the takeover by Conrad Black in 1986. He was also the backer behind the arts review, ''X'' magazine. Berry was awarded a life peerage as Baron Hartwell, ''of Peterborough Court in the City of London'' on 19 January 1968. He succeeded his elder brother as 3rd Viscount Camrose in 1995, but disclaimed the title. Marriage and family Lord Hartwell married Lady Pamela Smith (1915–1982), daughter of F. E. Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead. They had four children together: * Adrian Michael Berry, 4th Viscount Camrose (15 June 19 ...
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The Daily Telegraph
''The Daily Telegraph'', known online and elsewhere as ''The Telegraph'', is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally. It was founded by Arthur B. Sleigh in 1855 as ''The Daily Telegraph & Courier''. Considered a newspaper of record over ''The Times'' in the UK in the years up to 1997, ''The Telegraph'' generally has a reputation for high-quality journalism, and has been described as being "one of the world's great titles". The paper's motto, "Was, is, and will be", appears in the editorial pages and has featured in every edition of the newspaper since 19 April 1858. The paper had a circulation of 363,183 in December 2018, descending further until it withdrew from newspaper circulation audits in 2019, having declined almost 80%, from 1.4 million in 1980.United Newspapers PLC and Fleet Holdings PLC', Monopolies and Mergers Commission (1985), pp. 5–16. Its si ...
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Matthew Symonds
Matthew John Symonds (born 20 December 1953) is a British journalist and, since 2018, the executive director of the Larry Ellison Foundation. He was a co-founder of ''The Independent'' in 1986. Born in 1953, Symonds is the son of John Beavan,Anne Symonds, Broadcaster
(obituary) in '''', 6 March 2017
who at the time was London editor of '''', and broadcaster