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The Evening Standard
The ''Evening Standard'', formerly ''The Standard'' (1827–1904), also known as the ''London Evening Standard'', is a local free daily newspaper in London, England, published Monday to Friday in tabloid format. In October 2009, after being purchased by Russian businessman Alexander Lebedev, the paper ended a 180-year history of paid circulation and became a free newspaper, doubling its circulation as part of a change in its business plan. Emily Sheffield became editor in July 2020 but resigned in October 2021. History From 1827 to 2009 The newspaper was founded by barrister Stanley Lees Giffard on 21 May 1827 as ''The Standard''. The early owner of the paper was Charles Baldwin. Under the ownership of James Johnstone, ''The Standard'' became a morning paper from 29 June 1857. ''The Evening Standard'' was published from 11 June 1859. ''The Standard'' gained eminence for its detailed foreign news, notably its reporting of events of the American Civil War (1861–1865 ...
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Free Daily Newspaper
Free newspapers are distributed free of charge, often in central places in cities and towns, on public transport, with other newspapers, or separately door-to-door. The revenues of such newspapers are based on advertising. They are published at different levels of frequencies, such as daily, weekly or monthly. Origins Outside the U.S. Germany In 1885 the ''General-Anzeiger für Lübeck und Umgebung'' (Germany) was launched. The paper was founded in 1882 by Charles Coleman (1852–1936) as a free twice-a-week advertising paper in the Northern German town of Lübeck. In 1885 the paper went daily. From the beginning the ''General-Anzeiger für Lübeck'' had a mixed model, for 60 pfennig it was home delivered for three months. Unknown, however, is when the free distribution ended. The company website states that the ’sold’ circulation in 1887 was 5,000; in 1890 total circulation was 12,800. Australia In 1906 the Australian ''Manly Daily'' was launched. It was distributed o ...
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American Civil War
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states that had seceded. The central cause of the war was the dispute over whether slavery would be permitted to expand into the western territories, leading to more slave states, or be prevented from doing so, which was widely believed would place slavery on a course of ultimate extinction. Decades of political controversy over slavery were brought to a head by the victory in the 1860 U.S. presidential election of Abraham Lincoln, who opposed slavery's expansion into the west. An initial seven southern slave states responded to Lincoln's victory by seceding from the United States and, in 1861, forming the Confederacy. The Confederacy seized U.S. forts and other federal assets within their borders. Led by Confederate President Jefferson Davis, ...
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Express Newspapers
Northern & Shell (holding company name Northern and Shell Network Ltd) is a British publishing group, founded in December 1974 and owned since then by Richard Desmond. Formerly a publisher of pornographic magazines including '' Penthouse'' and ''Asian Babes'', it published the '' Daily Express'', '' Sunday Express'', '' Daily Star'' and '' Daily Star Sunday'', and the magazines '' OK!'', ''New!'' and ''Star'' until these were sold to Trinity Mirror in February 2018. Northern & Shell also owned three entertainment television channels: Channel 5, 5* and 5USA until 2015. It owned Portland TV, which operates pornographic TV channels including Television X and Red Hot TV; the company sold Portland in April 2016. Northern & Shell has operated The Health Lottery in the UK since it launched in 2011. History Desmond founded Northern & Shell in 1974 and launched a magazine called ''International Musician and Recording World''. In 1983, Northern & Shell obtained the licence to publish ' ...
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Modesty Blaise
''Modesty Blaise'' is a British comic strip featuring a fictional character of the same name, created by author Peter O'Donnell and illustrator Jim Holdaway in 1963. The strip follows Modesty Blaise, an exceptional young woman with many talents and a criminal past, and her trusty sidekick Willie Garvin. It was adapted into films in 1966, 1982, and 2003, and from 1965 onwards, 11 novels and two short-story collections were written. Fictional character biography In 1945, a nameless girl escapes from a displaced person (DP) camp in Kalyros, Greece. She remembers nothing from her short past and wanders through post-World War II Mediterranean, the Middle East, and regions of North Africa, where she learns to survive the hard way. She befriends Lob, another wandering refugee, who is a Jewish Hungarian scholar from Budapest. He gives her an education and a first name: Modesty. Sometime later, Modesty chooses her last name, Blaise, after Merlin's tutor from the Arthurian legends. Whe ...
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The Evening News (London Newspaper)
The ''Evening News'', earlier styled as ''The Evening News'', and from 1889 to 1894 The Evening News and Post, was an evening newspaper published in London from 1881 to 1980, reappearing briefly in 1987. It became highly popular under the control of the Harmsworth brothers. For a long time it maintained the largest daily sale of any evening newspaper in London. After financial struggles and falling sales, it was eventually merged with its long-time rival the ''Evening Standard'' in 1980. The newspaper was revived for an eight-month period in 1987. Early history The newspaper was founded by Coleridge Kennard and Harry Marks. The first issue appeared on 26 July 1881. It was the first popular evening paper in London. It was priced at one halfpenny, distinguishing itself from the more serious penny papers such as ''The Times''. The first issues were printed on light blue paper, and later editions on yellow and green paper. The rivalry between halfpenny papers in the late 19th ce ...
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Harold Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Rothermere
Harold Sidney Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Rothermere, (26 April 1868 – 26 November 1940) was a leading British newspaper proprietor who owned Associated Newspapers Ltd. He is best known, like his brother Alfred Harmsworth, later Viscount Northcliffe, for the development of the ''Daily Mail'' and the ''Daily Mirror''. Rothermere was a pioneer of popular tabloid journalism. Two of Rothermere's three sons were killed in action during the First World War and in the 1930s, he advocated instead peaceful relations between Germany and the United Kingdom, and used his media influence to that end. His open support for fascism and praise for Nazism and the British Union of Fascists contributed to the popularity of those views in the 1930s. That ambition, for which Rothermere became best known, was not successful, and he died in Bermuda early in the war. Background Harmsworth was the second son of Alfred and Geraldine Mary Harmsworth. His thirteen siblings included Alfred Harmsworth, 1 ...
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Daily Mail
The ''Daily Mail'' is a British daily middle-market tabloid newspaper and news websitePeter Wilb"Paul Dacre of the Daily Mail: The man who hates liberal Britain", ''New Statesman'', 19 December 2013 (online version: 2 January 2014) published in London. Founded in 1896, it is the United Kingdom's highest-circulated daily newspaper. Its sister paper ''The Mail on Sunday'' was launched in 1982, while Scottish and Irish editions of the daily paper were launched in 1947 and 2006 respectively. Content from the paper appears on the MailOnline website, although the website is managed separately and has its own editor. The paper is owned by the Daily Mail and General Trust. Jonathan Harmsworth, 4th Viscount Rothermere, a great-grandson of one of the original co-founders, is the current chairman and controlling shareholder of the Daily Mail and General Trust, while day-to-day editorial decisions for the newspaper are usually made by a team led by the editor, Ted Verity, who succeede ...
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Daily Express
The ''Daily Express'' is a national daily United Kingdom middle-market newspaper printed in tabloid format. Published in London, it is the flagship of Express Newspapers, owned by publisher Reach plc. It was first published as a broadsheet in 1900 by Sir Arthur Pearson. Its sister paper, the ''Sunday Express'', was launched in 1918. In June 2022, it had an average daily circulation of 201,608. The paper rose to become the largest circulation newspaper in the world under Lord Beaverbrook, going from 2 million in the 1930s to 4 million in the 1940s. It was acquired by Richard Desmond's company Northern & Shell in 2000. Hugh Whittow was the editor from February 2011 until he retired in March 2018. In February 2018 Trinity Mirror acquired the ''Daily Express'', and other publishing assets of Northern & Shell, in a deal worth £126.7 million. To coincide with the purchase the Trinity Mirror group changed the name of the company to ''Reach''. Hugh Whittow resigned as editor ...
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Max Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook
William Maxwell Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook (25 May 1879 – 9 June 1964), generally known as Lord Beaverbrook, was a Canadian-British newspaper publisher and backstage politician who was an influential figure in British media and politics of the first half of the 20th century. His base of power was the largest circulation newspaper in the world, the ''Daily Express'', which appealed to the conservative working class with intensely patriotic news and editorials. During the Second World War, he played a major role in mobilising industrial resources as Winston Churchill's Minister of Aircraft Production. The young Max Aitken had a gift for making money and was a millionaire by 30. His business ambitions quickly exceeded opportunities in Canada and he moved to Britain. There he befriended Bonar Law and with his support won a seat in the House of Commons at the December 1910 United Kingdom general election. A knighthood followed shortly after. During the First World War he ran th ...
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Davison Dalziel, 1st Baron Dalziel Of Wooler
Davison Alexander Dalziel, 1st Baron Dalziel of Wooler (17 October 1852 – 18 April 1928), known as Sir Davison Dalziel, Bt, between 1919 and 1928, was a British newspaper owner and Conservative Party politician. He sat in the House of Commons between 1910 and 1927, before a brief period in the House of Lords. He was the founder of Dalziel's News Agency. Life Dalziel was born in London, the son of Davison Octavian Dalziel and Helen Gaultier. Dalziel moved to New South Wales to work as a journalist for the ''Sydney Echo''. He also spent several years in the United States in the management department of various newspapers, and when he returned to England in 1890 he set up his own business, Dalziel's News Agency. With partners he bought controlling stakes in ''The Standard'' and ''Evening Standard'' newspapers in 1910. He sold off his newspaper interests to further his work in the cab industry, setting up several companies including General Motor Cab Company Ltd, the Pullman Car C ...
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Sir Edward Hulton, 1st Baronet
Sir Edward George Stephen Hulton, 1st Baronet (3 March 1869 – 23 May 1925) was a British newspaper proprietor and thoroughbred racehorse owner. In 1921, he was awarded a baronetcy, of Downside in the parish of Leatherhead in Surrey, for public services during World War I, which became extinct on his death in 1925. Early life Hulton was born on 3 March 1869 in Hulme, Manchester. He was the second son of Edward Hulton (1838–1904), a Manchester newspaper publisher, and wife Mary Mosley. He was raised as a Roman Catholic in Whalley Range, Manchester and attended St Bede's Commercial College from 1878–85. Newspapers Hulton's father founded the ''Sporting Chronicle'' in 1871, the ''Athletic News'' in 1875 and the ''Sunday Chronicle'' in 1885. Hulton subsequently founded the ''Manchester Evening Chronicle'' in 1897 (renamed ''Evening Chronicle'' in 1914), the ''Daily Dispatch'' in 1900 and the ''Daily Sketch'', a tabloid, in 1909. Edward Hulton and Co., of London and Manc ...
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Sir Arthur Pearson, 1st Baronet
Sir Cyril Arthur Pearson, 1st Baronet, (24 February 1866 – 9 December 1921), was a British newspaper Business magnate, magnate and publisher, best known for founding the ''Daily Express''. Family and early life Pearson was born in the village of Wookey, Somerset, a son of the marriage of Arthur Cyril Pearson and Phillippa Massingberd Maxwell Lyte, a granddaughter of the hymn-writer and poet Henry Francis Lyte. He was educated at Winchester College in Hampshire. His father became rector of Drayton Parslow in Buckinghamshire. His first job was as a journalist working for the London-based publisher George Newnes on ''Tit-Bits'' magazine. Within his first year he had impressed Newnes enough to be made his principal assistant. In December 1887, Pearson married Isobel Sarah Bennett, the daughter of Canon Frederick Bennett, of Maddington, Wiltshire, with whom he had three daughters. In 1897, Pearson married, as his second wife, Ethel, Lady Pearson, Ethel, daughter of William ...
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