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Terter Dynasty
The House of Terter ( bg, Тертер), also Terterids or Terterovtsi (Тертеровци), was a Bulgarian noble and dynasty, royal house of Cumans, Cuman origin,István Vásáry (2005) ''Cumans and Tatars'', Cambridge University Press, p. 2 a branch of the Cuman noble dynasty of Terteroba, that ruled the Second Bulgarian Empire between 1280 and 1292, as well as between 1300 and 1323. History Origin The Terterids were originally of Cumans, Cuman origin (from the Cumania, Cuman-Kipchak confederation), according to Plamen Pavlov they were a branch of the Cuman noble dynasty of Terteroba who had settled in Bulgaria as part of the second wave of Cuman migration, coming from the Kingdom of Hungary after 1241. The Terteroba had ruled the Cumania, Cuman-Kipchak confederation in the late 11th century, as well as in the mid-13th century under Khan Köten. Monarchy The earliest representatives of the dynasty in Bulgaria were the ''Despot (court title), despotēs'' Aldimir (Eltimir) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terteroba
The Terter or Terteroba (Bulgarian and russian: Тертер-оба, Тертровичи) was a Cuman–Kipchak tribe or clan that took refuge in Hungary and then Bulgaria in the mid-13th century and may have produced the Terter dynasty that eventually ruled Bulgaria. According to Peter Golden, ''Terter'' is derived from a tributary of the Kura River in the Southern Caucasus. In the Russian annals, they were known as Ter'trobiči. In Arabic, they may have been called ''Durut''. It has been claimed that ''khan'' Köten ( 1223–39) belonged to the Terter. During the Mongol invasion, the surviving Cuman–Kipchak tribes sought refuge in the Kingdom of Hungary (1238). These adopted Christianity in return for protection. According to Hungarian sources, these tribes included the Chertan, Ulasoba, Burcoba (Burčeviči), Kolaba (Kolabiči) and Terteroba, the latter which was Köten's family. According to Plamen Pavlov the Terter dynasty was a branch of the Terteroba who had settled i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nogai Khan
Nogai, or Noğay (; also spelled Nogay, Nogaj, Nohai, Nokhai, Noqai, Ngoche, Noche, Kara Nokhai, and Isa Nogai; died 1299/1300) was a general and kingmaker of the Golden Horde and a great-great-grandson of Genghis Khan. His grandfather was Bo'al/Baul/Teval, the seventh son of Jochi. Nogai was also a notable convert to Islam. Though he never formally ruled the Golden Horde himself, he was effectively the co-ruler of the state alongside whatever khan was in power at the time and had unrestricted control over the portions west of the Dnieper. At his height, Nogai was one of the most powerful men in Europe and widely thought of as the Horde's true head. The Russian chroniclers gave him the title of tsar, and the Franciscan missionaries in the Crimea spoke of him as a co-emperor. Name French historian Paul Pelliot wrote that Nokhai meant "dog". Although in the Mongolian language, "nokhoi" (in Mongolian script: , ''nokhai'') literally means a "dog", it does not necessarily mean a parti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarian Noble Families
Bulgarian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Bulgaria * Bulgarians, a South Slavic ethnic group * Bulgarian language, a Slavic language * Bulgarian alphabet * A citizen of Bulgaria, see Demographics of Bulgaria * Bulgarian culture * Bulgarian cuisine, a representative of the cuisine of Southeastern Europe See also * * List of Bulgarians, include * Bulgarian name, names of Bulgarians * Bulgarian umbrella, an umbrella with a hidden pneumatic mechanism * Bulgar (other) * Bulgarian-Serbian War (other) The term Bulgarian-Serbian War or Serbian-Bulgarian War may refer to: * Bulgarian-Serbian War (839-842) * Bulgarian-Serbian War (853) * Bulgarian-Serbian wars (917-924) * Bulgarian-Serbian War (1330) * Bulgarian-Serbian War (1885) * Bulgarian-Serbi ... {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terter Dynasty
The House of Terter ( bg, Тертер), also Terterids or Terterovtsi (Тертеровци), was a Bulgarian noble and dynasty, royal house of Cumans, Cuman origin,István Vásáry (2005) ''Cumans and Tatars'', Cambridge University Press, p. 2 a branch of the Cuman noble dynasty of Terteroba, that ruled the Second Bulgarian Empire between 1280 and 1292, as well as between 1300 and 1323. History Origin The Terterids were originally of Cumans, Cuman origin (from the Cumania, Cuman-Kipchak confederation), according to Plamen Pavlov they were a branch of the Cuman noble dynasty of Terteroba who had settled in Bulgaria as part of the second wave of Cuman migration, coming from the Kingdom of Hungary after 1241. The Terteroba had ruled the Cumania, Cuman-Kipchak confederation in the late 11th century, as well as in the mid-13th century under Khan Köten. Monarchy The earliest representatives of the dynasty in Bulgaria were the ''Despot (court title), despotēs'' Aldimir (Eltimir) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefan Uroš II Milutin Of Serbia
Stefan Uroš II Milutin ( sr-cyr, Стефан Урош II Милутин, Stefan Uroš II Milutin; 1253 – 29 October 1321), known as Stefan Milutin ( sr-cyr, Стефан Милутин, Stefan Milutin), was the King of Serbia between 1282–1321, a member of the Nemanjić dynasty. He was one of the most powerful rulers of Serbia in the Middle Ages. Milutin is credited with strongly resisting the efforts of Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos to impose Roman Catholicism on the Balkans after the Union of Lyons in 1274. During his reign, Serbian economic power grew rapidly, mostly due to the development of mining. He founded Novo Brdo, which became an internationally important silver mining site. As most of the Nemanjić monarchs, he was proclaimed a saint by the Serbian Orthodox Church with a feast day on October 30. Milutin appears in the Dante Alighieri's narrative poem ''Divine Comedy''. Early life He was the youngest son of King Stefan Uroš I and his wife, H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Terter Of Bulgaria
Ana Terter (Bulgarian and sr-cyr, Ана Тертер; died after 1304) was a Bulgarian princess and Queen consort of Serbia (1284–1299). She was the fourth wife of King Stefan Uroš II Milutin of Serbia. Her marriage to Stefan Milutin is dynastic, ie foreseen by the Deževa Agreement. According to George Pachymeres, Ana was "''the daughter of Terter, borne to him by the sister of Asen''. ''The sister of Asen'' was Kira Maria- second wife of George I Terter. According another theory she was the daughter of George Terter and his first wife Maria,Pavlov, Plamen making Ana a full sister of Bulgarian tsar Theodore Svetoslav. In 1284 Ana married King Stefan Uroš II Milutin of Serbia as his third wife. They had two children: * Stefan Uroš III Dečanski, who succeeded as king of Serbia *Anna Neda of Serbia, who married Michael Shishman of Bulgaria. In 1299 Stefan Uroš II Milutin divorced Ana in order to marry Simonida Simonida Nemanjić ( sr-cyr, Симонида Нема ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Dragushin
Ivan Dragushin (Bulgarian: Иван Драгушин) was a Bulgarian nobleman, son of despot Aldimir from the Cuman Terter dynasty. Ivanʻs mother was Marina Smilets, the daughter of tsar Smilets of Bulgaria, whilst Ivan's father was Aldimir, a younger brother of Tsar George I Terter. Aldimir was an influential local ruler as the despot of Kran. Marinaʻs sister was Teodora of Bulgaria, Queen of Serbia, the first wife of Stefan Uroš III Dečanski. Aldimir may have been murdered around 1305, as no activity of his is mentioned in later sources. His widow Marina and his son Ivan Dragushin managed to escape to Kingdom of Serbia, where Marina's sister, Theodora, was married to the prince Stefan Dečanski. Having become a Serbian subject, Ivan Dragushin was installed by his first cousin King Stephen Dušan as a local ruler in the region of Macedonia. Donor's portraits of Marina and Ivan Dragushin exist in the Pološko Monastery near Kavadarci Kavadarci ( mk, Кавадарц ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vidin
Vidin ( bg, Видин, ; Old Romanian: Diiu) is a port city on the southern bank of the Danube in north-western Bulgaria. It is close to the borders with Romania and Serbia, and is also the administrative centre of Vidin Province, as well as of the Metropolitan of Vidin (since 870). An agricultural and trade centre, Vidin has a fertile hinterland renowned for its wines. Name The name is archaically spelled as ''Widdin'' in English. Old name ''Dunonia'' itself meant "fortified hill" in Celtic with the typically ''dun'' found frequently in Celtic place names. Geography Vidin is the westernmost important Bulgarian Danube port and is situated on one of the southernmost sections of the river. The New Europe Bridge, completed in 2013, connects Vidin to the Romanian town of Calafat on the opposite bank of the Danube. Previously, a ferry located from the town was in use for that purpose. History Vidin emerged at the place of an old Celtic settlement known as ''Dunonia''. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shishman Dynasty
The House of Shishman ( bg, Шишман), also Shishmanids or Shishmanovtsi ( bg, Шишмановци), was a medieval Bulgarian royal dynasty of Cumans, Cuman (or partial Cuman) origin. The Shishman dynasty consecutively ruled the Second Bulgarian Empire for approximately one century, from 1323 to 1422, until it was conquered by the Ottoman Empire, Ottomans. The Shishmanids were related to the earlier Asen dynasty, and according to the Republic of Ragusa, Ragusan historian House of Lukarić/Lucari, Lukarić, also to the immediately preceding Terter dynasty. In Plamen Pavlov's view, the Shishman dynasty's founder, Despot (court title), despot Shishman of Vidin, may have been the brother of George I of Bulgaria, George I, the first Bulgarian Terterid ruler, thus also coming to Bulgaria from the Kingdom of Hungary after 1241. Members Among its more notable members were: Main branch: * despot Shishman of Vidin :*Michael Shishman of Bulgaria (Michael Asen III) (b. after 1280, ruled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George II Of Bulgaria
George Terter II ( bg, Георги Тертер II) reigned as tsar of Bulgaria between 1322 and 1323. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he was born not long before 1307. History George Terter II was the son of Theodore Svetoslav and Euphrosyne, and was named after his paternal grandfather George Terter I. It is possible that he was associated as co-emperor by his father in 1321, but the sources are unclear. After his father's death in 1322, he became actively involved in the civil war in the Byzantine Empire, in which the throne was being contested between Andronikos II Palaiologos and his grandson Andronikos III Palaiologos. Taking advantage of the situation, George Terter II invaded Byzantine Thrace and, encountering little, if any, resistance, conquered the major city of Philippopolis (Plovdiv) and part of the surrounding area in 1322. A Bulgarian garrison was installed under the command of a general named Ivan the Russian, and a court scribe praised George Terter I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodore Svetoslav Of Bulgaria
Theodore Svetoslav ( bg, Тодор Светослав, ''Todor Svetoslav'' and also Теодор Светослав, ''Teodor Svetoslav'') ruled as emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria from 1300 to 1322. The date of his birth is unknown. He expanded the territory of the Bulgarian Empire. Apart from his external and economic successes, Theodore Svetoslav dealt with the separatists among the nobility including his uncle. He persecuted the traitors who he thought were responsible for the Mongol interference and even the Patriarch, Joachim III, was executed. Early life Theodore Svetoslav was the son of George Terter I by his first wife, Maria. Given the rarity of the name Svetoslav in Bulgaria and its ample use among the Rjurikid princes, Plamen Pavlov has proposed that Maria was the daughter of Jakov Svetoslav by his wife, an unnamed granddaughter of Ivan Asen II. Soon after the accession of Ivan Asen III in 1279 his father divorced his mother in order to marry the sister of the new empe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaka Of Bulgaria
Chaka ( bg, Чака) reigned as tsar of Bulgaria from 1299 to 1300. He was the son of the Mongol leader Nogai Khan by a wife named Alaka. Sometime after 1285 Chaka married a daughter of George Terter I of Bulgaria, named Elena. In the late 1290s, Chaka supported his father Nogai in a war against the legitimate khan of the Golden Horde, Toqta. Toqta defeated and killed Nogai in 1299. Chaka had led his supporters into Bulgaria, intimidated the regency for Ivan II into fleeing the capital, and imposed himself as ruler in Tărnovo in 1299. It is not completely certain whether he reigned as Emperor of Bulgaria or simply acted as the overlord of his brother-in-law Theodore Svetoslav. He is accepted as a ruler of Bulgaria by Bulgarian historiography. Chaka did not long enjoy his new position of power, as the armies of Toqta followed him into Bulgaria and besieged Tărnovo. Theodore Svetoslav, who had been instrumental in Chaka's seizure of power, organized a plot in which Chaka was de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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