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TRIM14
Tripartite motif-containing 14 is a protein encoded by the TRIM14 gene in the human genome. It belongs to the TRIM family of proteins which contain the TRIM motif on the N-terminus. TRIM14 lacks the RING domain within the motif and therefore it loses the function of E3 ubiquitin ligase in eukaryotic cells. Instead, the PRYSPRY domain on the C-terminus allows TRIM14 to be categorized into an evolutionarily younger group of TRIM proteins which are involved in the regulation of innate immunity. TRIM 14 is localized in both the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus. Function TRIM14 acts in cell proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, autophagy and in the initiation of the anti-viral immune response by innate immunity. Overexpression of TRIM14 in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) leads to upregulation of several genes (hsp90ab1, prr13, pu.1, tnfrsf13c (baff-r), tnfrsf13b (taci), hlx1, hbp1, junb and pdgfrb) which are involved in early stage differentiation of embryonic stem cells, in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific 3D structure that determines its activity. A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20–30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Genome
The human genome is a complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans, encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria. These are usually treated separately as the nuclear genome and the mitochondrial genome. Human genomes include both protein-coding DNA sequences and various types of DNA that does not encode proteins. The latter is a diverse category that includes DNA coding for non-translated RNA, such as that for ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, ribozymes, small nuclear RNAs, and several types of regulatory RNAs. It also includes promoters and their associated gene-regulatory elements, DNA playing structural and replicatory roles, such as scaffolding regions, telomeres, centromeres, and origins of replication, plus large numbers of transposable elements, inserted viral DNA, non-functional pseudogenes and simple, highly-repetitive sequences. Introns make up a large percentage of non-coding DNA. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytoplasm
In cell biology, the cytoplasm is all of the material within a eukaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, except for the cell nucleus. The material inside the nucleus and contained within the nuclear membrane is termed the nucleoplasm. The main components of the cytoplasm are cytosol (a gel-like substance), the organelles (the cell's internal sub-structures), and various cytoplasmic inclusions. The cytoplasm is about 80% water and is usually colorless. The submicroscopic ground cell substance or cytoplasmic matrix which remains after exclusion of the cell organelles and particles is groundplasm. It is the hyaloplasm of light microscopy, a highly complex, polyphasic system in which all resolvable cytoplasmic elements are suspended, including the larger organelles such as the ribosomes, mitochondria, the plant plastids, lipid droplets, and vacuoles. Most cellular activities take place within the cytoplasm, such as many metabolic pathways including glycolysis, and proces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cell Nucleus
The cell nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin or , meaning ''kernel'' or ''seed'') is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types, such as mammalian red blood cells, have no nuclei, and a few others including osteoclasts have many. The main structures making up the nucleus are the nuclear envelope, a double membrane that encloses the entire organelle and isolates its contents from the cellular cytoplasm; and the nuclear matrix, a network within the nucleus that adds mechanical support. The cell nucleus contains nearly all of the cell's genome. Nuclear DNA is often organized into multiple chromosomes – long stands of DNA dotted with various proteins, such as histones, that protect and organize the DNA. The genes within these chromosomes are structured in such a way to promote cell function. The nucleus maintains the integrity of genes and controls the activities of the cell by regulating gene expres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sindbis Virus
''Sindbis virus'' (SINV) is a member of the ''Togaviridae'' family, in the ''Alphavirus'' genus. The virus was first isolated in 1952 in Cairo, Egypt. The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes (''Culex'' and Culiseta). SINV is linked to Pogosta diseaseKurkela S, Manni T, Vaheri A, Vapalahti OCausative agent of Pogosta disease isolated from blood and skin lesions Emerg Infect Dis erial on the Internet Published 2004 May. (accessed 2007-10-16) (Finland), Ockelbo disease ( Sweden) and Karelian fever (Russia). In humans, the symptoms include arthralgia, rash and malaise. Sindbis virus is widely and continuously found in insects and vertebrates in Eurasia, Africa, and Oceania. Clinical infection and disease in humans however has almost only been reported from Northern Europe (Finland, Sweden, Russian Karelia), where SINV is endemic and where large outbreaks occur intermittently. Cases are occasionally reported in Australia, China, and South Africa. SINV is an arbovirus, it is arthro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Genes
This article is an index of lists of human genes. By chromosome Below is a list of articles on human chromosomes, each of which contains an incomplete list of genes located on that chromosome. * Chromosome 1 (human) * Chromosome 2 (human) * Chromosome 3 (human) * Chromosome 4 (human) * Chromosome 5 (human) * Chromosome 6 (human) * Chromosome 7 (human) * Chromosome 8 (human) * Chromosome 9 (human) * Chromosome 10 (human) * Chromosome 11 (human) * Chromosome 12 (human) * Chromosome 13 (human) * Chromosome 14 (human) * Chromosome 15 (human) * Chromosome 16 (human) * Chromosome 17 (human) * Chromosome 18 (human) * Chromosome 19 (human) * Chromosome 20 (human) * Chromosome 21 (human) * Chromosome 22 (human) * Chromosome X (human) * Chromosome Y (human) Protein-coding genes The lists below constitute a complete list of all known human protein-coding genes. Transcription factors This is a list of 1639 genes which encode proteins that are known or expected to function as human transc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
