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Transmission Balise-locomotive
Transmission balise-locomotive (Dutch: Transmissie Baken Locomotief; TBL; English: "Beacon-to-Locomotive Transmission") is a train protection system used in Belgium and (until 2021) on Hong Kong's East Rail line. Versions TBL1 The TBL system is designed to stop a train passing a red signal, with operating speeds of up to 160 km/h. In 2006 13% of the Belgium train network used the original TBL system, introduced in 1982. The system requires the train driver to manually acknowledge a warning when passing a double yellow signal (similar to the Memor/Crocodile (train protection system), Le Crocodile system), as well as stopping a train automatically if it passes a red signal. TBL1+ TBL1+ began to be installed on the Belgian rail network in 2006, with full conversion to the system expected by 2012. The system is a development of TBL1, but uses Eurobalises, providing compatibility for later reconfiguration to an ETCS system. An additional safety measure is the addition of an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Train Protection System
A train protection system is a railway technical installation to ensure safe operation in the event of human error. Development Train stops The earliest systems were train stops, as still used by the New York City Subway, the Toronto rapid transit, Toronto subway, the London Underground, the Moscow Subway (only on the older lines) and the Berlin S-Bahn. Beside every Railway signal, signal is a moveable arm. If the signal is red, levers connected to valves on any passing train hit the arm, opening the Air brake (rail), brake line, applying the emergency brake, If the signal shows green, the arm is turned away from the levers and there is no contact. The Great Western Railway in the UK introduced its 'automatic train control#United Kingdom, automatic train control' system in the early years of the 20th century. Each distant signal had before it a ramp between the running rails. If the signal showed green, the ramp was energised with a low voltage current which was passed to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ans, Belgium
Ans (; ) is a Municipalities of Belgium, municipality and City status in Belgium, city of Wallonia located in the Liège Province, province of Liège, Belgium. On January 1, 2006, Ans had a total population of 27,322. The total area is 23.35 km2 which gives a population density of 1,170 inhabitants per km2. Its postal code is 4430. Ans is the finish location of the road bicycle racing, road bicycle race Liège–Bastogne–Liège, the oldest of the classic cycle races held every April. Ans is bounded with Liège, Seraing, Herstal, Saint-Nicolas, Liège, Saint-Nicolas and Flémalle, the agglomeration of Liège with 600,000 people. Settlements The municipality consists of the following deelgemeente, districts: *Ans *Alleur () *Loncin, Wallonia, Loncin (, other: ''Loncègn'') *Xhendremael (, other: ''Hin.n'mâle'') Population Notable residents * Léon Jeck (1947–2007), footballer, born in Ans * Michel Daerden (1949–2012), politician, mayor of Ans 1993–2011 * Vict ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Western Main Line
The Great Western Main Line (GWML) is a main line railway in England that runs between London Paddington and . It connects to other main lines such as those from Reading to Penzance and Swindon to Swansea. The GWML is presently a part of the national rail system managed by Network Rail, while the majority of passenger services upon it are provided by the current Great Western Railway franchise. The GWML was built by the original Great Western Railway company between 1838 and 1841, as a dual track line in the broad gauge. The broad gauge remained in use until 1892, after which standard gauge track has been exclusively used. Between 1877 and 1932, many sections of the GWML were widened to four tracks. During 1908, Automatic Train Control (ATC) was introduced as a safety measure. In 1948, the Great Western Railway, and thus the GWML, was merged into the Western Region of British Railways. During the 1970s, the GWML was upgraded to support higher line speeds, as a result o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MTR Hyundai Rotem EMU
The Hyundai Rotem EMU (also known as R-Train or 1141B) () is a current model of heavy rail electric multiple units used on the Mass Transit Railway in Hong Kong. The 9-car sets are manufactured by Hyundai Rotem for the North South Corridor, an extension of the East Rail line, at a cost of HK$4 billion. and the first delivery took place in 2015, while a further 6 trains were ordered in May 2020, although the 6 trains were never manufactured. Originally scheduled to enter service in late-2017 to early-2018, the trains gradually entered service from 6 February 2021. All train sets were put into service in 2022, replacing the Metro Cammell EMUs and displacing the SP1900 EMUs to the Tuen Ma Line. Formation The formation ranges from D001/D003 (Trainset 1) to D127/D129 (Trainset 43). Like the previous SP1900s and Metro Cammell EMUs, one car is still reserved for the first class in each train set. The 9-car formation is shorter than the previous 12-car East Rail Line trains, du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sha Tin To Central Link
The Sha Tin to Central Link (abbreviated SCL; ) was an expansion project of the MTR public transport network in Hong Kong. It was divided into two sections and expanded the network’s Passenger rail terminology#Heavy rail, heavy rail lines. The first section, named "Tuen Ma line (Phase 1)”, runs from Tai Wai station in the New Territories to Hung Hom station in Kowloon. The Tai Wai–Hung Hom segment connected the Ma On Shan line and West Rail line, forming the new Tuen Ma line. Operation of the Tai Wai to Kai Tak section began on 14 February 2020. The opening of the section from Kai Tak to Hung Hom was delayed and opened on 27 June 2021. In anticipation of the Tuen Ma line, the existing Kwun Tong line was extended from its previous terminus at Yau Ma Tei station, Yau Ma Tei to Whampoa station. This extension includes the new Ho Man Tin station to provide interchange with the Tuen Ma line. The Kwun Tong line extension was opened on 23 October 2016. While it was done in conj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Rail Line
The West Rail line () was a commuter rail / rapid transit line that formed part of the Mass Transit Railway (MTR) system in Hong Kong until 27 June 2021. Coloured magenta on the MTR map, the line ran from Tuen Mun to Hung Hom, with a total length of , in 37 minutes. The railway connected the urban area of Kowloon and the new towns of Yuen Long, Tin Shui Wai and Tuen Mun in the northwestern New Territories. The line was the second of three lines built and operated by the Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation (KCRC), then known as the KCR West Rail (). It was designed to suburban rail standards similar to that of KCR's first line, now the East Rail line, anticipating freight and intercity services to mainland China, although the latter role was ultimately superseded by the Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Express Rail Link Hong Kong section as part of the China Railway High-speed network. After KCRC's merger of operations with the MTR Corporation on 2 December 2007, the Wes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communications-based Train Control
Communications-based train control (CBTC) is a railway signaling system that uses telecommunications between the train and track equipment for traffic management and infrastructure control. CBTC allows a train's position to be known more accurately than with traditional signaling systems. This can make railway traffic management safer and more efficient. Rapid transit systems (and other railway systems) are able to reduce headways while maintaining or even improving safety. A CBTC system is a "continuous, automatic train control system utilizing high-resolution train location determination, independent from track circuits; continuous, high-capacity, bidirectional train-to-wayside data communications; and trainborne and wayside processors capable of implementing automatic train protection (ATP) functions, as well as optional automatic train operation (ATO) and automatic train supervision (ATS) functions," as defined in the IEEE 1474 standard.1474.1–1999 – IEEE Standard fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trainguard MT
Trainguard MT is a communication-based train control (CBTC) developed by Siemens Transportation Systems (ex ''Matra Transport international'', and now integrated into Siemens Mobility) which allows fully automated circulation of rapid transit trains, and thanks to moving block system, less time between trains. Metro lines using Trainguard MT * Algiers Metro * Barcelona Metro Line 9 * Budapest Metro Line M2 and Line M4 * Copenhagen S-train * London Elizabeth Line (Abbey Wood to Paddington) * Jabodebek LRT (Open in July 2023) * Guangfo Line * Guangzhou Metro Line 4 and Line 5 * MTR East Rail Line * Nanjing Metro ** S3 Line ** Line 7 * New York City Subway (see also Signaling of the New York City Subway#Automation) * Paris Métro Line 14, under the name of "SAET" * São Paulo Metro Line 4 * Seoul Metropolitan Subway Seohae Line (Metro Section only) * Sofia Metro Line 3 * Suzhou Metro Suzhou Metro, previously called Suzhou Rail Transit, is a rapid transit system se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safety-critical
A safety-critical system or life-critical system is a system whose failure or malfunction may result in one (or more) of the following outcomes: * death or serious injury to people * loss or severe damage to equipment/property * environmental harm A safety-related system (or sometimes safety-involved system) comprises everything (hardware, software, and human aspects) needed to perform one or more safety functions, in which failure would cause a significant increase in the safety risk for the people or environment involved. Safety-related systems are those that do not have full responsibility for controlling hazards such as loss of life, severe injury or severe environmental degradation, environmental damage. The malfunction of a safety-involved system would only be that hazardous in conjunction with the failure of other systems or human error. Some safety organizations provide guidance on safety-related systems, for example the Health and Safety Executive in the United Kingdom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alstom
Alstom SA () is a French multinational rolling stock manufacturer which operates worldwide in rail transport markets. It is active in the fields of passenger transportation, signaling, and locomotives, producing high-speed, suburban, regional and urban trains along with trams. The company and its name (originally spelled Alsthom) was formed by a merger between the electric engineering division of Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques (Als) and Compagnie Française Thomson-Houston (thom) in 1928. Significant acquisitions later included the Constructions Électriques de France (1932), shipbuilder Chantiers de l'Atlantique (1976), and parts of ACEC (late 1980s). A merger with parts of the British General Electric Company formed GEC Alsthom in 1989. Throughout the 1990s, the company expanded its holdings in the rail sector, acquiring German rolling stock manufacturer Linke-Hofmann-Busch and Italian rail signaling specialist Sasib Railways. In 1998, GEC Alsthom was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Automatic Train Operation
Automatic train operation (ATO) is a method of operating trains automatically where the driver is not required or is required for supervision at most. Alternatively, ATO can be defined as a subsystem within the automatic train control, which performs any or all of functions like programmed stopping, speed adjusting, door operation, and similar otherwise assigned to the train operator. The degree of automation is indicated by the Grade of Automation (GoA), up to GoA4 in which the train is automatically controlled without any staff on board. On most systems for lower grades of automation up to GoA2, there is a driver present to mitigate risks associated with failures or emergencies. Driverless automation is primarily used on automated guideway transit systems where it is easier to ensure the safety due to isolated tracks. Fully automated trains for mainline railways are an area of research. The first driverless experiments in the history of train automation date back to 1920 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Automatic Warning System
Automatic Warning System (AWS) is a railway safety system invented and predominantly used in the United Kingdom. It provides a train driver with an audible indication of whether the next Railway_signal, signal they are approaching is clear or at caution. Depending on the upcoming signal state, the AWS will either produce a 'horn' sound (as a warning indication), or a 'bell' sound (as a clear indication). If the train driver fails to acknowledge a warning indication, an emergency brake application is initiated by the AWS; if the driver correctly acknowledges the warning indication, by pressing an acknowledgement button, then a visual 'sunflower' is displayed to the driver, as a reminder of the warning. Principles of operation AWS is a system based on trains detecting magnetic fields. These magnetic fields are created by permanent magnets and electromagnets installed on the track. The polarity and sequence of magnetic fields detected by a train determine the type of indication ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
