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Tombakowa Młodzież
The ''tombakowa młodzież'' (tombak youth) were members of a youth subculture in Warsaw during World War II. History During the Second Polish Republic jazz became an increasingly popular genre of music among young urbanites. Following the Nazi occupation the jazz phenomenon intensified with groups of youths in Warsaw becoming noticeable for their love of jazz, pleasure seeking attitude, and style of dress. Members of the subculture were reputed to use sophisticated German in the presence of Nazis in an acerbic display of flattery. While the German propaganda newspaper '' Nowy Kurier Warszawski'' condemned the ''tombakowa młodzież'' for their style of dress, participants of the subculture were also derided as traitors to Poland due to their seemingly carefree behaviour under the occupation. The ''tombakowa młodzież'' have been considered the progenitors of the later post-war bikini boys subculture. Style Comparable in fashion to their French contemporaries the zazous, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Government
The General Government (, ; ; ), formally the General Governorate for the Occupied Polish Region (), was a German zone of occupation established after the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany, Slovak Republic (1939–1945), Slovakia and the Soviet Union in 1939 at the onset of World War II. The newly occupied Second Polish Republic was split into three zones: the General Government in its centre, Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany in the west, and territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union, Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union in the east. The territory was expanded substantially in 1941, after the German Operation Barbarossa, Invasion of the Soviet Union, to include the new District of Galicia. The area of the ''Generalgouvernement'' roughly corresponded with the Austrian part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth after the Third Partition of Poland in 1795. The basis for the formation of the General Government was the "Annexation Decree on the Administration o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zazou
The zazous were a subculture in France during World War II. They were young people expressing their individuality by wearing big or garish clothing (similar to the zoot suit fashion in America a few years before) and dancing wildly to swing jazz. Men wore large striped lumber jackets, while women wore short skirts, striped stockings and heavy shoes, and often carried umbrellas. Origins of the movement During the German occupation of France, the Vichy regime, which collaborated with the Nazi occupiers, had an ultra-conservative morality and started to use a whole range of laws against a youth that was restless and disenchanted. These young people expressed their resistance and nonconformity through aggressive dance competitions, sometimes against soldiers from the occupying forces. The Zazous were to be found throughout France, but were most concentrated in Paris. The two most important meeting places of the Zazous were the terrace of the Pam Pam cafe on the Champs-Élysées and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw In World War II
The history of Warsaw spans over 1400 years. In that time, the city evolved from a cluster of villages to the capital of a major European power, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth—and, under the patronage of its kings, a center of enlightenment and otherwise unknown tolerance. Fortified settlements founded in the 9th century form the core of the city, in today's Warsaw Old Town. The city has had a particularly tumultuous history for a European city. It experienced numerous plagues, invasions, and devastating fires. The most destructive events include the Deluge, the Great Northern War (1702, 1704, 1705), War of the Polish Succession, Warsaw Uprising (1794), Battle of Praga and the Massacre of Praga inhabitants, November Uprising, January Uprising, World War I, Siege of Warsaw (1939) and aerial bombardment—and the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, Warsaw Uprising (after which the German occupiers razed the city). The city has hosted many crucial events in the history of Poland. It wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Subcultures
Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Polish people, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken * Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwriters * Kevin Polish, an American Paralympian archer Polish may refer to: * Polishing, the process of creating a smooth and shiny surface by rubbing or chemical action ** French polishing, polishing wood to a high gloss finish * Nail polish * Shoe polish * Polish (screenwriting), improving a script in smaller ways than in a rewrite See also * * * Polishchuk (surname) * Polonaise (other) A polonaise ()) is a stately dance of Polish origin or a piece of music for this dance. Polonaise may also refer to: * Polonaises (Chopin), compositions by Frédéric Chopin ** Polonaise in A-flat major, Op. 53 (, ''Heroic Polonaise''; ) * Polon ... {{Disambiguation, surname Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Subcultures
History is the systematic study of the past, focusing primarily on the human past. As an academic discipline, it analyses and interprets evidence to construct narratives about what happened and explain why it happened. Some theorists categorize history as a social science, while others see it as part of the humanities or consider it a hybrid discipline. Similar debates surround the purpose of history—for example, whether its main aim is theoretical, to uncover the truth, or practical, to learn lessons from the past. In a more general sense, the term ''history'' refers not to an academic field but to the past itself, times in the past, or to individual texts about the past. Historical research relies on primary and secondary sources to reconstruct past events and validate interpretations. Source criticism is used to evaluate these sources, assessing their authenticity, content, and reliability. Historians strive to integrate the perspectives of several sources to develop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1940s Fashion
Year 194 (Roman numerals, CXCIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Septimius and Septimius (or, less frequently, year 947 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 194 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Clodius Albinus, Decimus Clodius Septimius Albinus Caesar became a Roman Consul. * Battle of Issus (194), Battle of Issus: Septimius Severus marches with his army (12 Roman legion, legions) to Cilicia, and defeats Pescennius Niger, Roman governor of Syria. Pescennius retreats to Antioch, and is executed by Severus' troops. * Septimius Severus besieges Byzantium (194–196); the Defensive wall, city walls suffer extensive damage. Asia * Battle of Yan Province: Warlords Cao Cao and Lü Bu fight for control over Yan Province; the battle lasts f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swingjugend
The Swing Youth () were a youth counterculture of jazz and swing lovers in Germany formed in Hamburg in 1939. Primarily active in Hamburg and Berlin, they were composed of 14- to 21-year-old Germans, mostly middle or upper-class students, but also including some in the working class. They admired the " American way of life", defining themselves in swing music and opposing Nazism, especially the Hitler Youth (). They loosely structured themselves into “clubs” with names such as the Harlem Club, the OK Gang, and the Hot Club. This underground subculture, distinctly nonconformist with a focus on African-American music, was active in the German youth scene. Despite being largely apolitical and unstructured, the Swing Youth were targeted and, in some cases, repressed by the Nazi government. Name The name ' was a parody of the numerous youth groups that were organised by the Nazis, such as the '. The youth also referred to themselves as ''Swings'' or ' ("Swingity"); members ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potápky
Potápky (males, "The Grebes") and bedly (females, "The Parasol mushroom, Parasol Mushrooms") were a Czech urban youth subculture primarily defined by the interest in American culture, primarily in swing music. It corresponded to the subcultures of ''Swingjugend'' (literally "Swing Youth", commonly translated as "Swing Kids") in Nazi Germany and ''zazou'' in France at the same time period.Petr Koura, Swingová mládež a nacistická okupační moc v protektorátu Čechy a Morava' ("The swing kids and the Nazi occupational power in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia"), Ph.D. Thesis, 2010 ("A Student in the Protectorate and His Free Time") Potápky were distinguished by their eccentric fashion ("zoot suit", de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bikini Boys
Bikini boys, known as ''bikiniarze'' in Polish, were members of a youth subculture, subculture that originated among youths in Warsaw, Polish People's Republic, Poland, in the 1940s and 1950s. From the capital the movement spread to other parts of the country and provoked a moral panic from the communist authorities. Members of the subculture were known for embracing jazz and elements of western fashion. Name and etymology In Polish culture the term bikini boys has developed similar connotations to the English language term beatnik, the label was first pejoratively applied by the communist authorities before being adopted by the subculture itself. The name for the subculture derives from Bikini Atoll, rather than the bikini swimsuit. A common element of their clothing were neckties which featured exotic imagery, often palm trees or bikini-clad women on an exotic island with an atomic mushroom cloud in the background, assumed to be a reference to the Operation Crossroads, explos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hipster (1940s Subculture)
The terms hipster or hepcat, as used in the 1940s, referred to aficionados of jump blues and jazz, in particular bebop, which became popular in the early 1940s. The hipster subculture adopted the lifestyle of the jazz musician, including some or all of the following features: Conk hairstyles, loose fitting or oversize suits with loud colors, jive talk slang, use of tobacco, cannabis, and other recreational drugs, relaxed attitude, love for Jazz or Jump blues music, and styles of swing dancing, especially Lindy hop. The zoot suit was the popular style amongst hepcats. It incorporated baggy or oversize suits sometimes with loud colors, thick chalk stripes, floppy hats, and long chains. Many zoot suiters would often wear a fedora or pork pie hat, color-coordinated with the suit. Occasionally they would have a long feather on the fedora or pork pie hat as decoration. When conversing, hepcats would communicate in jive talk. Jive talk (also known as Harlem jive or simply Jive) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fashion Theory
''Fashion Theory: The Journal of Dress, Body & Culture'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Routledge. Established in 1997, it covers the study of fashion, including aspects from sociology, art history, consumption studies, and anthropology. In the first editorial, the founding editor-in-chief Valerie Steele Valerie Fahnestock Steele (born 1955) is an American fashion historian, curator, and director of the Museum at the Fashion Institute of Technology. Steele has written more than eight books on the history of fashion, and can be regarded as one of ... ( The Museum at the Fashion Institute of Technology) stated that the journal approaches fashion "as the cultural construction of the embodied identity". The journal explores issues related to the body in society and also includes studies on practices of production, dissemination, and consumption of dress. Additionally, it features reviews of exhibitions and academic publications. References External links *Fashio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
