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Timeline Of Algiers
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Algiers, Algeria. Prior to 16th century * 3rd century BC – Yksm settled by Punics. * 146 BC – Icosium became part of the Roman Empire. * 371 AD – City raided by Firmus. * 5th century AD – Vandals in power. * 7th century AD – Arabs in power. * 960 – Algiers founded by Bologhine ibn Ziri. * 1014 – Hammadids in power. * 1018 – Djamaa el Kebir mosque built. * 1159 – Almohades in power. * 1313 – Ziyanids of the Kingdom of Tlemcen in power. 16th–18th centuries * 1516 ** Capture of Algiers by Hayreddin Barbarossa and Aruj. ** Kasbah construction begins. * 1518 – Harbour construction begins. * 1529 – Capture of Algiers by Hayreddin Barbarossa. * 1544 – Lighthouse built. * 1545 – Fort de l'Empereur built. * 1549 – Muslim hospital founded. * 1556 – Citadel built. * 1581 – Fort Bab Azoun built. * 1612 ** Ketchaoua Mosque built. ** Hospital of the Holy Trinity founded. * 1622 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capture Of Algiers (1516)
The Capture of Algiers in 1516 was accomplished by the Ottoman brothers Aruj and Kheireddin Barbarossa against Sālim al-Tūmī, the ruler of the city of Algiers. Background In 1510, the Spaniards had established themselves on a small island in front of Algiers, and forced the local ruler Sālim al-Tūmī (Selim-bin-Teumi) to accept their presence through a treaty and pay tribute.''International Dictionary of Historic Places: Middle East and Africa'' Trudy Ring p.5/ref> Fortifications were built on the islet, and a garrison of 200 men was established. Sālim al-Tūmī had to go to Spain to take an oath of obedience to Ferdinand II of Aragon, Ferdinand of Aragon. Capture of Algiers In 1516, the amir of Algiers, Sālim al-Tūmī, invited the corsair brothers Aruj and Kheireddin to expel the Spaniards. Aruj, with the help of Ottoman troops, came to Algiers, ordered the assassination of Sālim, because Salim was conspiring with the Spaniards against the pirates and Arudj. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Library Of Algeria
The National Library of Algeria (in Arabic: المكتبة الوطنيّة الجزائريّة) has been in existence since Independence in the 1960s and it was modeled after a large administrative library that was established in 1835 by the French colonial authorities. A new building, constructed in the 1990s to house the million or so volumes of the national library, also enabled the library to considerably develop its services. Algeria's scientific and technical information needs are ensured by two organizations, the Centre for Technical and Scientific Information and Technology Transfer, the Algerian equivalent of the INIS network, and the National Social and Economic Documentation Centre, established in 1971, which ensures the selection and indexing of automated documentation on the social and economic development of the country and the collection of statistical data. It has a floor area of and was designed to house more than 10 million books. It can accommodate more th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Algeria
French Algeria (french: Alger to 1839, then afterwards; unofficially , ar, الجزائر المستعمرة), also known as Colonial Algeria, was the period of French colonisation of Algeria. French rule in the region began in 1830 with the invasion of Algiers and lasted until the end of the Algerian War of Independence in 1962. While the administration of Algeria changed significantly over the 132 years of French rule, the Mediterranean coastal region of Algeria, housing the vast majority of its population, was an integral part of France from 1848 until its independence. As one of France's longest-held overseas territories, Algeria became a destination for hundreds of thousands of European immigrants known as ''colons'', and later as . However, the indigenous Muslim population remained the majority of the territory's population throughout its history. Many estimates indicates that the native Algerian population fell by one-third in the years between the French invasion a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Invasion Of Algiers In 1830
The invasion of Algiers in 1830 was a large-scale military operation by which the Kingdom of France, ruled by Charles X, invaded and conquered the Deylik of Algiers. Algiers was annexed by the Ottoman Empire in 1529 after the capture of Algiers in 1529 and had been under direct rule until 1710, when Baba Ali Chaouch achieved de facto independence from the Ottomans, though the Regency was still nominally a part of the Ottoman Empire. The Deylik of Algiers elected its rulers through a parliament called the Divan of Algiers. These rulers/kings were known as Deys. The state could be best described as an Elective monarchy. A diplomatic incident in 1827, the so-called Fan Affair (Fly Whisk Incident), served as a pretext to initiate a blockade against the port of Algiers. After three years of standstill and a more severe incident in which a French ship carrying an ambassador to the dey with a proposal for negotiations was bombarded, the French determined that more forceful action ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bombardment Of Algiers (1816)
The Bombardment of Algiers was an attempt on 27 August 1816 by Britain and the Netherlands to end the slavery practices of Omar Agha, the Dey of Algiers. An Anglo-Dutch fleet under the command of Admiral Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth bombarded ships and the harbour defences of Algiers. There was a continuing campaign by various European navies and the American navy to suppress the piracy against Europeans by the North African Barbary states. The specific aim of this expedition, however, was to free Christian slaves and to stop the practice of enslaving Europeans. To this end, it was partially successful, as the Dey of Algiers freed around 3,000 slaves following the bombardment and signed a treaty against the slavery of Europeans. However, this practice did not end completely until the French conquest of Algeria. Background Following the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815, the Royal Navy no longer needed the Barbary states as a source of supplies for Gibraltar and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bombardment Of Algiers (1784)
The 2nd Bombardment of Algiers took place between 12 and 21 July 1784. A joint Spanish-Neapolitan-Maltese-Portuguese fleet commanded by the Spanish Admiral Antonio Barceló bombarded the city, which was the main base of the Barbary corsairs, with the aim of forcing them to interrupt their activities.Sánchez Doncel pg. 277 The second bombardment followed a similarly failed expedition the preceding year. Background In August 1783, in response to acts of piracy undertaken by the city, a Spanish fleet with Maltese participation under Antonio Barceló bombarded Algiers for 8 days. The expedition ended in failure with some casualties, vast expenditure of ammunition and no effect. Significant propaganda was made by the participants to portray the attack as a success, but it only inflicted minor damages and was described by the Spanish court as a "''festival of fireworks too costly and long for how little it entertained the Moors''". Five Algerian privateers captured two Spanish mercha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bombardment Of Algiers (1783)
The Bombardment of Algiers in August 1783 was a failed attempt by Spain to put an end to Algerine privateering against Spanish shipping. A Spanish fleet of 70, sailing under Rear admiral Antonio Barceló, bombarded the city eight times between August 4–8 but inflicted only minor damages to the Algerine military. Both Spaniards and Algerines fought poorly, but Barceló, blaming unfavorable weather conditions, gave the order to withdraw. His expedition was judged a failure at the Spanish court, being described as a "''festival of fireworks too costly and long for how little it entertained the Moors and how it was used by whomever paid for it''". Background In 1775, a Spanish fleet of 51 ships under Don Pedro de Castejón escorted a landing force of 20,000 infantry, 800 cavalry, and 900 artillerymen in 450 transports against the most persistent of the Barbary raiders, the city of Algiers. The expedition of Count Alexander O'Reilly (an Irish soldier in the Spanish army) punished t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Invasion Of Algiers (1775)
The invasion of Algiers was a massive and disastrous amphibious attempt in July 1775 by a combined Spanish and Tuscan force to capture the city of Algiers, the capital of The Deylik of Algeria. The amphibious assault was led by Spanish general Alexander O'Reilly and Tuscan admiral Sir John Acton, commanding a total of 20,000 men along with 74 warships of various sizes and 230 transport ships carrying the troops for the invasion. The defending Algerian forces were led by Baba Mohammed ben-Osman. The assault was ordered by the King of Spain, Charles III, who was attempting to demonstrate to the Barbary States the power of the revitalized Spanish military after the disastrous Spanish experience in the Seven Years' War. The assault was also meant to demonstrate that Spain would defend its North African exclaves against any Ottoman or Moroccan encroachment, and reduce the influence that the Barbary states held in the Mediterranean. The Spanish forces departed from Cartagena in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danish–Algerian War
The Danish–Algerian War was a conflict lasting from 1769 to 1772 between Denmark–Norway and Ottoman Algeria, Deylik of Algiers which was a province of the Ottoman Empire, but it was mostly functionally independent. It is also known as the Algerian Expedition, or "The War Against Algeria". Background and beginning of conflict Danish-Norwegian trade in the Mediterranean greatly expanded in the mid 1700s. In order to protect their lucrative business against piracy, Denmark–Norway had secured a peace deal with the states of Barbary Coast, involving the payment an annual tribute to the individual rulers of those states and additionally to the States. In 1766 Baba Mohammed ben-Osman became Dey of Algiers. He demanded that the annual payment made by Denmark–Norway should be increased, and he should receive new gifts. Denmark–Norway refused the demands. Shortly after, Algerian pirates hijacked three Danish-Norwegian ships and sold the crew into slavery. Response A punitive ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ketchaoua Mosque
The Ketchaoua Mosque ( ar, جامع كتشاوة, ''Djamaa Ketchaoua'') is a mosque in the city of Algiers, the capital of Algeria. It was built during the Ottoman rule in the 17th century and is located at the foot of the Casbah of Algiers, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The mosque stands on the first of the Casbah's many steep stairways and was logistically and symbolically the cynosure of the pre-colonial city of Algiers. The mosque is noted for its unique fusion of Moorish and Byzantine architecture. The mosque was originally built in 1612. Later, in 1845, it was converted during French rule, to the Cathedral of St Philippe, which remained so until 1962. The old mosque was demolished between 1845 and 1860 and a new church was built. It was converted into a mosque in 1962. In spite of these transitions over two different religious faiths in roughly the last four centuries, the mosque has retained its original grandeur and is one of the major attractions of Algiers. Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capture Of Algiers (1529)
Battle of Algiers or Algiers expedition may refer to: * Capture of the Peñón of Algiers (1510), during the Spanish expansion to the Maghreb * Capture of Algiers (1516), during the Spanish-Ottoman conflict in the Maghreb * Algiers expedition (1516), during the Spanish-Ottoman conflict in the Maghreb * Algiers expedition (1519), during the Spanish-Ottoman conflict in the Maghreb * Capture of Peñón of Algiers (1529), during the Ottoman–Habsburg wars * Algiers expedition (1541), during the Ottoman–Habsburg wars * Bombardment of Algiers (1682), during the French-Algerian War 1681–88 * Bombardment of Algiers (1683), during the French-Algerian War 1681–88 * Bombardment of Algiers (1688), during the French-Algerian War 1681–88 * Danish–Algerian War, Bombardment of Algiers (1770), during the Danish–Algerian War 1769-72 * Invasion of Algiers (1775), during the Spanish-Algerian war (1775-1785) * Bombardment of Algiers (1783), during the Spanish-Algerian war 1775-1785 * Bombard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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