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Thomas (bishop Of Finland)
Thomas ( fi, Tuomas) is the first known bishop of Finland. Only a few facts are known about his life. He resigned in 1245 and died in Visby three years later. Biography The only reference to Bishop Thomas during his episcopate in Finland is a letter signed by him in Nousiainen in 1234, which granted certain lands around the parish to his chaplain Wilhelm. The lands may be related to the papal permission from Pope Gregory IX in early 1229 that authorized the church to take over all non-Christian places of worship in Finland. The letter is the oldest surviving letter written in Finland. No further information on the bishop's activities has survived before he was granted resignation by Pope Innocent IV on 21 February 1245. According to the pope, Thomas had admitted committing several felonies, such as torturing a man to death, and forging a papal letter. Church representatives to oversee the resignation were the archbishop of Uppsala and the Dominican prior of the Dacian pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Finland
The Archdiocese of Turku ( fi, Turun arkkihiippakunta, sv, Åbo ärkestift), historically known as '' Archdiocese of Åbo'', is the seat of the Archbishop of Turku. It is a part of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, and its see city is Turku. The Archbishop has many administrative tasks relating to the National church, and is the Metropolitan and Primate of the church. In common with other Lutheran and Anglican churches the Archbishop is considered ''primus inter pares'' while all diocesan bishops retain their independence within their respective jurisdictions. This also applies to the Bishop of Turku Archdiocese. The Archdiocese of Turku has a unique episcopal structure as there are two bishops in the Diocese. History Influenced by papal bulls, Swedish magnates in the 12th century set up crusading expeditions to convert the heathens in the eastern Baltic. This resulted in the establishment of the Catholic Church, the Christian religion and the Swedish conquest of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zemgale
Semigallia, also spelt Semigalia, ( lv, Zemgale; german: Semgallen; lt, Žiemgala; pl, Semigalia; liv, Zemgāl) is one of the Historical Latvian Lands located in the south of the Daugava river and the north of the Saule region of Samogitia. The territory split between Latvia and Lithuania, previously inhabited by the Semigallian Baltic tribe. They are noted for their long resistance (1219–1290) against the German crusaders and Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades. Semigallians had close linguistic and cultural ties with Samogitians. Name The name of Semigallia appears in sources such as ''Seimgala'', ''Zimgola'' and ''Sem'' 'e'''gallen''. The -gal element means "border" or "end", while the first syllable corresponds to ''ziem'' ("north"). So the Semigallians were the "people of the northern borderlands" i.e. the lower parts of the Mūša and Lielupe river valleys. Territory 1st - 4th centuries Between the 1st and the 4th century the cultural area of Semigallia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lübeck
Lübeck (; Low German also ), officially the Hanseatic City of Lübeck (german: Hansestadt Lübeck), is a city in Northern Germany. With around 217,000 inhabitants, Lübeck is the second-largest city on the German Baltic coast and in the state of Schleswig-Holstein, after its capital of Kiel, and is the 35th-largest city in Germany. The city lies in Holstein, northeast of Hamburg, on the mouth of the River Trave, which flows into the Bay of Lübeck in the borough of Travemünde, and on the Trave's tributary Wakenitz. The city is part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region, and is the southwesternmost city on the Baltic, as well as the closest point of access to the Baltic from Hamburg. The port of Lübeck is the second-largest German Baltic port after the port of Rostock. The city lies in the Northern Low Saxon dialect area of Low German. Lübeck is famous for having been the cradle and the ''de facto'' capital of the Hanseatic League. Its city centre is Germany's most extens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbot
Abbot is an ecclesiastical title given to the male head of a monastery in various Western religious traditions, including Christianity. The office may also be given as an honorary title to a clergyman who is not the head of a monastery. The female equivalent is abbess. Origins The title had its origin in the monasteries of Egypt and Syria, spread through the eastern Mediterranean, and soon became accepted generally in all languages as the designation of the head of a monastery. The word is derived from the Aramaic ' meaning "father" or ', meaning "my father" (it still has this meaning in contemporary Hebrew: אבא and Aramaic: ܐܒܐ) In the Septuagint, it was written as "abbas". At first it was employed as a respectful title for any monk, but it was soon restricted by canon law to certain priestly superiors. At times it was applied to various priests, e.g. at the court of the Frankish monarchy the ' ("of the palace"') and ' ("of the camp") were chaplains to the Merovingian and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cistercian
The Cistercians, () officially the Order of Cistercians ( la, (Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint Benedict, as well as the contributions of the highly-influential Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, known as the Latin Rule. They are also known as Bernardines, after Saint Bernard himself, or as White Monks, in reference to the colour of the "cuculla" or cowl (choir robe) worn by the Cistercians over their habits, as opposed to the black cowl worn by Benedictines. The term ''Cistercian'' derives from ''Cistercium,'' the Latin name for the locale of Cîteaux, near Dijon in eastern France. It was here that a group of Benedictine monks from the monastery of Molesme founded Cîteaux Abbey in 1098, with the goal of following more closely the Rule of Saint Benedict. The best known of them were Robert of Molesme, Alberic of Cîteaux and the English ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Linköping
Bishops of the Diocese of Linköping, Sweden. Before the reformation * Herbert (bishop), Herbert? * Rikard (bishop), Rikard? * 1139–1160s Gisle (bishop), Gisle * 1170–1171 Stenar (bishop), Stenar * 1187–1195/96 Kol (bishop), Kol * Johannes (bishop), Johannes? * 1216–1220 Karl Magnusson * 1220–1236 Bengt Magnusson * 1236–1258 Lars (bishop), Lars * 1258–1283 Henrik (bishop), Henrik * 1258–1286 Bo (bishop), Bo * 1286–1291 Bengt Birgersson * 1292–1307 Lars II (bishop), Lars * 1307–1338 Karl Bååt * 1342–1351 Petrus Torkilsson * 1352–1372 Nils Markusson * 1373–1374 Gottskalk Falkdal * 1375–1391 Nils Hermansson * 1391–1436 Knut Bosson * 1436–1440 ? * 1441–1458 Nils König * 1459–1465 Kettil Karlsson (Vasa) * 1465–1500 Henrik Tidemansson * 1501–1512 Hemming Gadh * 1513–1527 Hans Brask After the reformation * 1529–1540 Jöns Månsson * 1543–1558 Nicolaus Canuti * 1558–1569 Erik Falck * 1569–1580 Martinus Olai Gestricus * 1583–1587 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Folquinus
Fulco was the first known missionary Bishop of Estonia. He was appointed in 1165 by Eskil of Lund, Eskil, the Danish Archbishop of Lund. Before his appointment, Fulco was a Benedictine monk in the abbey of Moutier-la-Celle, near Troyes in France. His ancestry is not known. After his appointment, Fulco appears in sources only once. In 1171, Pope Alexander III asked the Archbishop of Trondheim to assign an Estonians, Estonian monk Nicolaus living in Stavanger to go to Fulco's assistance. No further information survives about Fulco's work in Ancient Estonia, Estonia, or whether he ever even got there. Identification with Folquinus Fulco is sometimes speculated to be the same person as a certain ''Folquinus'', a late 12th century Bishop of Finland, briefly mentioned in a mid-15th century chronicle ''Chronicon episcoporum Finlandensium'' after equally legendary Bishop Rodulff, Rodulff and before quite historical Thomas (bishop of Finland), Thomas. The chronicle claimed him to be Swedis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Rodulff
Rodulff (''Rodulf'') is claimed by a 15th-century chronicle ''Chronicon episcoporum Finlandensium'' to have worked as a missionary "bishop" in Finland after Bishop Henry had died in the 1150s.Chronicon episcoporum Finlandensium' by an unknown writer. Part of the Palmsköld collection. In Latin. Rodulff was allegedly from Västergötland in Sweden. No historical records of Rodulff survive, and no Bishop or Diocese of Finland is mentioned in a papal letter from 1171 (or 1172) by the seemingly well-informed Pope Alexander III, who otherwise addressed the situation of the church in Finland. However, the Pope mentions that there were preachers, presumably from Sweden, working in Finland and was worried about their bad treatment by the Finns. Pope had earlier in 1165 authorized the first missionary Bishop of Estonia to be appointed, and was a close acquaintance of both Eskil, the Archbishop of Lund, and Stefan, the Archbishop of Uppsala, who both had spent time with him in France where ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Henry
Saint Henry ( fi, Henrik; sv, Henrik; la, Henricus; died 20 January 1156.) was a medieval English clergyman. He came to Sweden with Cardinal Nicholas Breakspeare in 1153 and was most likely designated to be the new Archbishop of Uppsala, but the independent church province of Sweden could only be established in 1164 after the civil war, and Henry would have been sent to organize the Church in Finland, where Christians had already existed for two centuries. According to legend, he entered Finland together with King Saint Eric of Sweden and died as a martyr, becoming a central figure in the local Catholic Church. However, the authenticity of the accounts of his life and ministry are widely disputed and there are no historical records of his birth, existence or death. Together with his alleged murderer, peasant Lalli, Henry is an important figure in the early history of Finland. His feast is celebrated by the majority Lutheran Church of Finland, as well as by the Catholic Church ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archbishop Of Lund
List of (arch)bishops of Lund. Until the Danish Reformation the centre of a great Latin (arch)bishopric, Lund has been in Sweden since the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658. The Diocese of Lund is now one of thirteen in the Church of Sweden. Catholic Episcopate ''(all Roman Rite; some dates disputed according to the source) ;''Suffragan Bishops of Lund'' * Henrik (1060–1065? or 1048? – death 1060.08.21) * Egino (1065? – death 1072.10.19); ?former bishop of Dalby * Ricwald (1072?1075 – death 1089.05.26) * Ascer (1089–1103 ''see below'') ;''Metropolitan Archbishops of Lund'' * Ascer (''see above'' 1103 – death 1137.05.05) * Eskil (1138?1137–1177?1179) * Absalon Hvide (1177?1179 – death 1201.03.21) * Andreas Sunesen (1201–1222?1223) * Peder Saxesen (1224.01.11 – death 1228.07.11) * Uffe Thrugotsen (1228?1230 – death 1252.12.15) * Jakob Erlandsen (1253.08.13 – death 1274.02.18) * Trugot Torstensen (1276?1277.01.13 – death 1280.05.02) * Jens Dros (12 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
