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The Radio Hacker's Codebook
''The Radio Hacker's Codebook'' is a book for computer enthusiasts written by George Sassoon. The book explains how to receive international radioteletype signals, convert them with a circuit and then decode them on a microcomputer. In the case of this book the computer is the superseded Research Machines 380Z. Programs to do these functions are given, written in machine code and BASIC. However legal and moral issues relating to intercepting messages are not included. Other radioteletype subject included are the FEC and automatic repeat request used in maritime radiocommunications. The book also include an exposition of encryption, including the public key RSA cipher and presciently expounds on the lack of privacy in the cashless society. Code examples are also given using the Sharp PC-320I to encode and decode the German Enigma machine. The books claims that the Enigma was kept secret for long periods because understanding it could compromise the American M-209 cipher mach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Sassoon
George Thornycroft Sassoon (30 October 1936 – 8 March 2006) was a British scientist, electronic engineer, linguist, translator and author. Early life Sassoon was the only child of the poet Siegfried Sassoon and Hester Sassoon (née Gatty), and was born in London, where his parents had rented a house to be closer to specialist help than at their home in Heytesbury, Wiltshire. He was christened at St Martin-in-the-Fields by Rev Dick Sheppard. George's father wrote playfully to Max Beerbohm in November 1936: "Will he, I wonder, become Prime Minister, Poet Laureate, Archbishop of Canterbury, or merely Editor of ''The Times Literary Supplement''? Or Master of The Quorn? Or merely Squire of Heytesbury?" In 1947, Sassoon's parents separated, and he thereafter spent much of his childhood with his mother on the Scottish island of Mull. He was educated at Greenways Preparatory School at Ashton Gifford House, near Codford in Wiltshire, then at Oundle School and King's College, Cambrid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sharp PC-320I
Sharp or SHARP may refer to: Acronyms * SHARP (helmet ratings) (Safety Helmet Assessment and Rating Programme), a British motorcycle helmet safety rating scheme * Self Help Addiction Recovery Program, a charitable organisation founded in 1991 by Barbara Bach and Pattie Boyd * Sexual Harassment/Assault Response & Prevention, a US Army program dealing with sexual harassment * Skinheads Against Racial Prejudice, an anti-racist Trojan skinhead organization formed to combat White power skinheads * Society for the History of Authorship, Reading and Publishing * Stationary High Altitude Relay Platform, a 1980s beamed-power aircraft * Super High Altitude Research Project, a 1990s project to develop a high-velocity gun Companies * I. P. Sharp Associates, a former Canadian computer services company * Sharp Airlines, an Australian regional airline * Sharp Corporation, a Japanese electronics manufacturer * Sharp Entertainment, an American TV program producer * Sharp HealthCare, a ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transposition Cipher
In cryptography, a transposition cipher is a method of encryption which scrambles the positions of characters (''transposition'') without changing the characters themselves. Transposition ciphers reorder units of plaintext (typically characters or groups of characters) according to a regular system to produce a ciphertext which is a permutation of the plaintext. They differ from substitution ciphers, which do not change the position of units of plaintext but instead change the units themselves. Despite the difference between transposition and substitution operations, they are often combined, as in historical ciphers like the ADFGVX cipher or complex high-quality encryption methods like the modern Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). General principle Plaintexts can be rearranged into a ciphertext using a key, scrambling the order of characters like the shuffled pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. The resulting message is hard to decipher without the key because there are many ways the char ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudo Random Number Generator
A pseudorandom number generator (PRNG), also known as a deterministic random bit generator (DRBG), is an algorithm for generating a sequence of numbers whose properties approximate the properties of sequences of random numbers. The PRNG-generated sequence is not truly random, because it is completely determined by an initial value, called the PRNG's ''seed'' (which may include truly random values). Although sequences that are closer to truly random can be generated using hardware random number generators, ''pseudorandom number generators'' are important in practice for their speed in number generation and their reproducibility. PRNGs are central in applications such as simulations (e.g. for the Monte Carlo method), electronic games (e.g. for procedural generation), and cryptography. Cryptographic applications require the output not to be predictable from earlier outputs, and more elaborate algorithms, which do not inherit the linearity of simpler PRNGs, are needed. Good statist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
One-time Pad
In cryptography, the one-time pad (OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but requires the use of a single-use pre-shared key that is not smaller than the message being sent. In this technique, a plaintext is paired with a random secret key (also referred to as ''a one-time pad''). Then, each bit or character of the plaintext is encrypted by combining it with the corresponding bit or character from the pad using modular addition. The resulting ciphertext will be impossible to decrypt or break if the following four conditions are met: #The key must be at least as long as the plaintext. #The key must be random ( uniformly distributed in the set of all possible keys and independent of the plaintext), entirely sampled from a non-algorithmic, chaotic source such as a hardware random number generator. It is not sufficient for OTP keys to pass statistical randomness tests as such tests cannot measure entropy, and the number of bits of entropy must be at least equa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vernam Cipher
Vernam is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Charles Vernam (born 1996), English professional footballer *Gilbert Vernam (1890–1960), invented an additive polyalphabetic stream cipher and later co-invented an automated one-time pad cipher * Remington D. B. Vernam (1896–1918), American pilot and World War I flying ace *Remington Vernam (land developer) (1843–1907), American lawyer and real-estate developer from New York, founder of the community of Arverne See also * Vernam Field, former World War II United States Army Air Forces airfield in Clarendon Parish, west-south-west of Kingston, Jamaica * Vernam cipher, an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but needs a one-time pre-shared key at least as long as the message being sent *Enam (other) *Erna (other) *Vena (other) *Vera (other) Vera may refer to: Names *Vera (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) *Vera (given name), a given name (in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Data Encryption Standard
The Data Encryption Standard (DES ) is a symmetric-key algorithm for the encryption of digital data. Although its short key length of 56 bits makes it too insecure for modern applications, it has been highly influential in the advancement of cryptography. Developed in the early 1970s at IBM and based on an earlier design by Horst Feistel, the algorithm was submitted to the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) following the agency's invitation to propose a candidate for the protection of sensitive, unclassified electronic government data. In 1976, after consultation with the National Security Agency (NSA), the NBS selected a slightly modified version (strengthened against differential cryptanalysis, but weakened against brute-force attacks), which was published as an official Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) for the United States in 1977. The publication of an NSA-approved encryption standard led to its quick international adoption and widespread academic scrutiny. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
M-209
In cryptography, the M-209, designated CSP-1500 by the United States Navy (C-38 by the manufacturer) is a portable, mechanical cipher machine used by the US military primarily in World War II, though it remained in active use through the Korean War. The M-209 was designed by Swedish cryptographer Boris Hagelin in response to a request for such a portable cipher machine, and was an improvement of an earlier machine, the C-36. The M-209 is about the size of a lunchbox, in its final form measuring and weighing (plus for the case). It represented a brilliant achievement for pre-electronic technology. It was a rotor machine similar to a telecipher machine, such as the Lorenz cipher and the Geheimfernschreiber. Basic operation Basic operation of the M-209 is relatively straightforward. Six adjustable ''key wheels'' on top of the box each display a letter of the alphabet. These six wheels comprise the external key for the machine, providing an initial state, similar to an initial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cashless Society
In a cashless society, financial transactions are not conducted with physical banknotes or coins, but instead with digital information (usually an electronic representation of money). Cashless societies have existed from the time when human society came into existence, based on barter and other methods of exchange, and cashless transactions have also become possible in modern times using credit cards, debit cards, mobile payments, and digital currencies such as bitcoin. However, this article focuses on the term "cashless society" in the sense of a move towards a society in which cash is replaced by its digital equivalent—in other words, legal tender (money) exists, is recorded, and is exchanged only in electronic digital form. Such a concept has been discussed widely, particularly because the world is experiencing a rapid and increasing use of digital methods of recording, managing, and exchanging money in commerce, investment and daily life in many parts of the world, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerald Duckworth And Company
Duckworth Books, originally Gerald Duckworth and Company, founded in 1898 by Gerald Duckworth, is a British publisher.Our History duckworthbooks.co.uk. Retrieved 29 November 2020. History 
Gerald Duckworth founded the company in 1898, setting up its office at 3 . Staff included
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Privacy
Privacy (, ) is the ability of an individual or group to seclude themselves or information about themselves, and thereby express themselves selectively. The domain of privacy partially overlaps with security, which can include the concepts of appropriate use and protection of information. Privacy may also take the form of bodily integrity. The right not to be subjected to unsanctioned invasions of privacy by the government, corporations, or individuals is part of many countries' privacy laws, and in some cases, constitutions. The concept of universal individual privacy is a modern concept primarily associated with Western culture, particularly British and North American, and remained virtually unknown in some cultures until recent times. Now, most cultures recognize the ability of individuals to withhold certain parts of personal information from wider society. With the rise of technology, the debate regarding privacy has shifted from a bodily sense to a digital sense. As the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
