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The Death Of Ivan Ilyich
''The Death of Ivan Ilyich'' (also Romanized ''Ilich, Ilych, Ilyitch''; russian: Смерть Ивана Ильича, Smert' Ivána Ilyicha), first published in 1886, is a novella by Leo Tolstoy, considered one of the masterpieces of his late fiction, written shortly after his religious conversion of the late 1870s. Considered to be one of the finest examples of a novella, ''The Death of Ivan Ilyich'' tells the story of a high-court judge in 19th-century Russia and his sufferings and death from a terminal illness. Plot Characters *Ivan Ilyich Golovin (''Ilyich'' is a patronymic, his surname is ''Golovin'') is a highly regarded official of the Court of Justice, described by Tolstoy as, "neither as cold and formal as his elder brother nor as wild as the younger, but was a happy mean between them—an intelligent, polished, lively, and agreeable man." As the story progresses, he becomes more and more introspective and emotional as he ponders the reason for his agonizing illness ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leo Tolstoy
Count Lev Nikolayevich TolstoyTolstoy pronounced his first name as , which corresponds to the romanization ''Lyov''. () (; russian: link=no, Лев Николаевич Толстой,In Tolstoy's day, his name was written as in pre-reformed Russian. ; ), usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time. He received nominations for the Nobel Prize in Literature every year from 1902 to 1906 and for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1901, 1902, and 1909; the fact that he never won is a major controversy. Born to an aristocratic Russian family in 1828, Tolstoy's notable works include the novels ''War and Peace'' (1869) and ''Anna Karenina'' (1878), often cited as pinnacles of realist fiction. He first achieved literary acclaim in his twenties with his semi-autobiographical trilogy, ''Childhood'', '' Boyhood'', and ''Youth'' (1852–1856), and '' Sevastopol Sketches'' (1855), based upon his experiences in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tolstoyan
The Tolstoyan movement is a social movement based on the philosophical and religious views of Russian novelist Leo Tolstoy (1828–1910). Tolstoy's views were formed by rigorous study of the ministry of Jesus, particularly the Sermon on the Mount. Tolstoy expressed "great joy" that groups of people "have been springing up, not only in Russia but in various parts of Europe, who are in complete agreement with our views." However, the author also thought it was a mistake to create a specific movement or doctrine after him, urging individuals to listen to their own conscience rather than blindly follow his. In regard to a letter he received from an adherent, he wrote: Beliefs and practices :Tolstoyans, Tolstoyans (Russian language, Russian:''Толстовцы'', ''Tolstovtsy'') identify themselves as Christians, but do not generally belong to an institutional Christian Church, Church. Tolstoy was a harsh critic of the Russian Orthodox Church, leading to his excommunication in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Kaidanovsky
Alexander Leonidovich Kaidanovsky (russian: Алекса́ндр Леони́дович Кайдано́вский; 23 July 1946 — 3 December 1995) was a Soviet and Russian actor and film director. His best known roles are in films such as ''At Home Among Strangers'' (1974), '' The Bodyguard'' (1979) and '' Stalker'' (1979). Prior to pursuing an acting career, Kaidanovsky attended technical college where he was training to become a welder. In 1965 he started studying acting at The Rostov Theatre School and the Schukin Institute in Moscow. Before completing the course he took his first part in the film ''The Mysterious Wall'' (1967) and upon graduation in 1969, he worked as stage actor. In 1985 he directed ''A Simple Death'', which was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1987 Cannes Film Festival. Kaidanovsky made his theatre debut at the Vakhtangov Theatre in 1969. In 1971 he was invited to join the Moscow Arts Theatre, the best classical theatre in Russia, a ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A Simple Death
''A Simple Death'' (russian: Простая смерть, Prostaya Smert') is a 1985 Soviet drama film directed by Alexander Kaidanovsky, based on Leo Tolstoy's ''The Death of Ivan Ilyich''. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1987 Cannes Film Festival. Cast * Valeriy Priyomykhov as Ivan Ilyich (voiced by Alexander Kaidanovsky) * Alisa Freindlich as Praskovya Fyodorovna, Ivan Ilyich's wife * Vytautas Paukste as Mikhail Danilovich, doctor * Mikhail Danilov as narrator * Karina Moritts as Liza * E. Smirnov * Tamara Timofeyeva as nanny * Stanislav Churkin as priest * Anatoli Khudoleyev as Pyotr * A. Bukhvalov * Vladimir Starostin * Yuri Serov Yuri may refer to: People and fictional characters Given name *Yuri (Slavic name), the Slavic masculine form of the given name George, including a list of people with the given name Yuri, Yury, etc. *Yuri (Japanese name), also Yūri, feminine Jap ... References External links * 1985 films 1985 drama fil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kirsten Lodge
Kirsten is both a given name and a surname. Given name Kirsten is a female given name. It is a Scandinavian form of the names Christina and Christine. Behind the Name, retrieved 15 December 2009. * Surname People with the surname Kirsten include: * (born 1972), American composer * (born 1987), German footballer * |
Being And Time
''Being and Time'' (german: Sein und Zeit) is the 1927 ''magnum opus'' of German philosopher Martin Heidegger and a key document of existentialism. ''Being and Time'' had a notable impact on subsequent philosophy, literary theory and many other fields. Though controversial, its stature in intellectual history has been compared with works by Kant and Hegel. The book attempts to revive ontology through an analysis of Dasein, or "being-in-the-world." It is also noted for an array of neologisms and complex language, as well as an extended treatment of " authenticity (philosophy), authenticity" as a means to grasp and confront the unique and finite possibilities of the individual. Background Richard Wolin notes that the work "implicitly adopted the critique of mass society” epitomized earlier by Kierkegaard and Nietzsche.Wolin, R."Martin Heidegger—German philosopher" ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', November 18, 2009. "Elitist complaints about the "dictatorship of public opinion" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin Heidegger
Martin Heidegger (; ; 26 September 188926 May 1976) was a German philosopher who is best known for contributions to phenomenology, hermeneutics, and existentialism. He is among the most important and influential philosophers of the 20th century. He has been widely criticized for supporting the Nazi Party after his election as rector at the University of Freiburg in 1933, and there has been controversy about the relationship between his philosophy and Nazism. In Heidegger's fundamental text ''Being and Time'' (1927), "Dasein" is introduced as a term for the type of being that humans possess. Dasein has been translated as "being there". Heidegger believes that Dasein already has a "pre-ontological" and non-abstract understanding that shapes how it lives. This mode of being he terms " being-in-the-world". Dasein and "being-in-the-world" are unitary concepts at odds with rationalist philosophy and its "subject/object" view since at least René Descartes. Heidegger explicitly disag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Devil (novel)
"The Devil" (russian: Дьявол) is a novella by Leo Tolstoy. It was written in 1889, given an alternative ending in 1909, but published only posthumously in 1911. Like Tolstoy's ''The Kreutzer Sonata'', written around the same time, "The Devil" deals with the consequences of sexual emotion. Plot summary Two young men, Eugene Irtenev and his brother, are left a large inheritance after the death of their father. However, the inheritance is saddled with debts, and the brothers must decide whether or not to accept it. Eugene accepts the inheritance and buys off his brother's portion, thinking that he can sell off large tracts of land while making improvements to the rest. Living alone with his mother while working on the farm, Eugene misses the relations he had with women while living in St. Petersburg. He inquires around the village, and the watchman introduces Eugene to a local peasant named Stepanida whose husband lives away in the city. For several months Eugene and Stepa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Kreutzer Sonata
''The Kreutzer Sonata'' (russian: Крейцерова соната, ) is a novella by Leo Tolstoy, named after Beethoven's Violin Sonata No. 9 (Beethoven), Kreutzer Sonata. The novella was published in 1889, and was promptly censored by the Russian Empire, Russian authorities. The work is an argument for the ideal of sexual abstinence and an in-depth first-person description of jealousy, jealous rage. The main character, Pozdnyshev, relates the events leading up to his killing of his wife: in his analysis, the root causes for the deed were the "animal excesses" and "swinish connection" governing the relation between the sexes. Summary During a train ride, Pozdnyshev overhears a conversation concerning marriage, divorce and love. When a woman argues that marriage should not be arranged but based on true love, he asks "what is love?" and points out that, if understood as an exclusive preference for one person, it often passes quickly. Convention dictates that two married people s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serfdom In Russia
The term '' serf'', in the sense of an unfree peasant of tsarist Russia, is the usual English-language translation of () which meant an unfree person who, unlike a slave, historically could be sold only with the land to which they were "attached". Peter I ended slavery in Russia in 1723. Contemporary legal documents, such as ''Russkaya Pravda'' (12th century onwards), distinguished several degrees of feudal dependency of peasants. Serfdom became the dominant form of relation between Russian peasants and nobility in the 17th century. Serfdom most commonly existed in the central and southern areas of the Tsardom of Russia and, from 1721, of the subsequent Russian Empire. Serfdom in Little Russia (parts of today central Ukraine), and other Cossack lands, in the Urals and in Siberia generally occurred rarely until, during the reign of Catherine the Great (r. 1762–1796), it spread to Ukraine; noblemen began to send their serfs into Cossack lands in an attempt to harvest their ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Education In Russia
In Russia, the state provides most education services regulating education through the Ministry of Education and Science. Regional authorities regulate education within their jurisdictions within the prevailing framework of federal laws. Russia's expenditure on education has grown from 2.7% of the GDP in 2005 to 3.8% in 2013, but remains below the OECD average of 5.2%. Before 1990 the course of school training in the Soviet Union lasted 10 years, but at the end of 1990 an 11-year course officially came into operation. Education in state-owned secondary schools is free; ''first'' tertiary (university level) education is free with reservations: a substantial number of students enroll on full pay. Male and female students have equal shares in all stages of education,Education for all by 2015, p. 82 and underlying data tables except in tertiary education where women lead with 57%.Education for all by 2015, p. 316 A 2015 estimate by the United States Central Intelligence Agency put ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Sexuality
Human sexuality is the way people experience and express themselves sexually. This involves biological, psychological, physical, erotic, emotional, social, or spiritual feelings and behaviors. Because it is a broad term, which has varied with historical contexts over time, it lacks a precise definition. The biological and physical aspects of sexuality largely concern the human reproductive functions, including the human sexual response cycle. Someone's sexual orientation is their pattern of sexual interest in the opposite or same sex. Physical and emotional aspects of sexuality include bonds between individuals that are expressed through profound feelings or physical manifestations of love, trust, and care. Social aspects deal with the effects of human society on one's sexuality, while spirituality concerns an individual's spiritual connection with others. Sexuality also affects and is affected by cultural, political, legal, philosophical, moral, ethical, and religious ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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