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Tenther Movement
The Tenther movement is a social movement in the United States, whose adherents espouse the political ideology that the federal government's enumerated powers must be read very narrowly to exclude much of what the federal government already does, citing the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in support of this.Ian Millhiser, "'Tenther' Activists Add The Federal Highway System To List Of Programs To Kill" Thinkprogress.org, August 27, 2009 http://thinkprogress.org/2009/08/27/tenther-highway/ The text of the amendment reads: Despite the movement's assertions, the Supreme Court has interpreted the Tenth Amendment such that the Amendment does not require a narrow interpretation of the federal government's enumerated powers. Instead, the Court holds that the powers of the federal government derive from the states voluntarily surrendering part of their sovereign powers. This view was reiterated in '' United States v. Darby Lumber'' in which the Court stated that the Te ...
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Social Movement
A social movement is a loosely organized effort by a large group of people to achieve a particular goal, typically a social or political one. This may be to carry out a social change, or to resist or undo one. It is a type of group action and may involve individuals, organizations, or both. Social movements have been described as "organizational structures and strategies that may empower oppressed populations to mount effective challenges and resist the more powerful and advantaged elites". They represent a method of social change from the bottom within nations. Political science and sociology have developed a variety of theories and empirical research on social movements. For example, some research in political science highlights the relation between popular movements and the formation of new political parties as well as discussing the function of social movements in relation to agenda setting and influence on politics. Sociologists distinguish between several types of social mov ...
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Confederate States Of America
The Confederate States of America (CSA), commonly referred to as the Confederate States or the Confederacy was an unrecognized breakaway republic in the Southern United States that existed from February 8, 1861, to May 9, 1865. The Confederacy comprised U.S. states that declared secession and warred against the United States during the American Civil War: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina. Kentucky and Missouri also declared secession and had full representation in the Confederate Congress, though their territory was largely controlled by Union forces. The Confederacy was formed on February 8, 1861, by seven slave states: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. All seven were in the Deep South region of the United States, whose economy was heavily dependent upon agriculture—particularly cotton—and a plantation system that relied upon enslaved ...
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Barack Obama Citizenship Conspiracy Theories
During Barack Obama's campaign for president in 2008, throughout his presidency and afterwards, there was extensive news coverage of Obama's religious preference, birthplace, and of the individuals questioning his religious belief and citizenshipefforts eventually known as the "birther movement", by which name it is widely referred to across media. The movement falsely asserted Obama was ineligible to be President of the United States because he was not a natural-born citizen of the United States as required by Article Two of the Constitution. Birther conspiracy theories were predominantly held by conservatives and Republicans, as well as racists. Theories alleged that Obama's published birth certificate was a forgerythat his actual birthplace was not Hawaii but Kenya. Other theories alleged that Obama became a citizen of Indonesia in childhood, thereby losing his U.S. citizenship. Still others claimed that Obama was not a natural-born U.S. citizen because he was born a du ...
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Radley Balko
Radley Prescott Balko (born April 19, 1975) is an American journalist, author, blogger, and speaker who writes about criminal justice, the War on Drugs, drug war, and civil liberties. In 2022, he began publishing his work on Substack after being let go from ''The Washington Post'', where he had worked as an opinion columnist for nine years. Balko has written several books, including ''The Rise of the Warrior Cop'' and ''The Cadaver King and the Country Dentist''. Education and personal life Balko earned a B.A. in journalism and political science in 1997 from Indiana University Bloomington. Balko is an atheist. Employment and publications Balko blogs about criminal justice, the drug war, and civil liberties. He has worked as an opinion writer for ''The Washington Post'', a senior writer and investigative reporter for ''The Huffington Post'', a senior editor at ''Reason (magazine), Reason'' magazine, and a policy analyst for the Cato Institute, specializing in vice and civil liber ...
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Reason (magazine)
''Reason'' is an American libertarian monthly magazine published by the Reason Foundation. The magazine has a circulation of around 50,000 and was named one of the 50 best magazines in 2003 and 2004 by the ''Chicago Tribune''. History ''Reason'' was founded in 1968 by Lanny Friedlander (1947–2011), a student at Boston University, as a more-or-less monthly mimeographed publication. In 1970 it was purchased by Robert W. Poole Jr., Manuel S. Klausner, and Tibor R. Machan, who set it on a more regular publishing schedule. As the monthly print magazine of "free minds and free markets", it covers politics, culture, and ideas with a mix of news, analysis, commentary, and reviews. During the 1970s and 80s, the magazine's contributors included Milton Friedman, Murray Rothbard, Thomas Szasz, and Thomas Sowell. In 1978, Poole, Klausner, and Machan created the associated Reason Foundation, in order to expand the magazine's ideas into policy research. Marty Zupan joined ''Reason'' in 1 ...
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United Press International
United Press International (UPI) is an American international news agency whose newswires, photo, news film, and audio services provided news material to thousands of newspapers, magazines, radio and television stations for most of the 20th century. At its peak, it had more than 6,000 media subscribers. Since the first of several sales and staff cutbacks in 1982, and the 1999 sale of its broadcast client list to its main U.S. rival, the Associated Press, UPI has concentrated on smaller information-market niches. History Formally named United Press Associations for incorporation and legal purposes, but publicly known and identified as United Press or UP, the news agency was created by the 1907 uniting of three smaller news syndicates by the Midwest newspaper publisher E. W. Scripps. It was headed by Hugh Baillie (1890–1966) from 1935 to 1955. At the time of his retirement, UP had 2,900 clients in the United States, and 1,500 abroad. In 1958, it became United Press Intern ...
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Nullification (U
Nullification may refer to: * Nullification (U.S. Constitution), a legal theory that a state has the right to nullify any federal law deemed unconstitutional with respect to the United States Constitution * Nullification Crisis, the 1832 confrontation between the U.S. government and South Carolina over the latter's attempt to nullify a federal law ** Ordinance of Nullification, declared the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 null and void within the state borders of South Carolina * Jury nullification, a legal term for a jury's ability to deliver a verdict knowingly in contradiction to written law * Nullo (body modification), short for "genital nullification", a member of an extreme body modification subculture See also * Annihilation (other) Annihilation, in physics, is an effect that occurs when a particle collides with an antiparticle. Annihilation may also refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Comics * ''Annihilation'' (comics), a Marvel Comics 2006 event featuring seve ...
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Iowa Senate
The Iowa Senate is the upper house of the Iowa General Assembly, United States. There are 50 seats in the Iowa Senate, representing 50 single-member districts across the state of Iowa with populations of approximately 60,927 per constituency, . Each Senate district is composed of two House districts. The Senate meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines. Unlike the lower house, the Iowa House of Representatives, Senators serve four-year terms, with no term limits. Terms are staggered so that half the Senate is up for reelection every two years. Leadership The President of the Senate presides over the body, whose powers include referring bills to committee, recognizing members during debate, and making procedural rulings. Unlike the more powerful Speaker of the Iowa House of Representatives, the Senate President cannot appoint committee chairmanships or shuffle committee memberships. The Lieutenant Governor of Iowa was the presiding officer of the Senate until 1988, when a ...
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Faith And Freedom Coalition
The Faith and Freedom Coalition is a Conservatism in the United States, conservative political advocacy 501(c)(4) non-profit organization in the United States. Organization History The organization was founded and officially incorporated on May 14, 2009, by Christian Coalition of America, Christian Coalition founder Ralph Reed, who described it as "a 21st century version of the Christian Coalition". Reed designed the coalition as a bridge between the Tea Party movement and Evangelicalism, evangelical voters. The organization has grown quickly with hundreds of thousands of supporters and several hundred local chapters. Reed and his organization were a major supporter of the Mitt Romney 2012 presidential campaign, Romney–Ryan campaign in 2012 after organizing a debate for the Republican candidates, and a state chapter was also involved in state elections in 2011. Positions According to its website, the coalition opposes abortion, medical marijuana (amendment 2 in Florida), and sa ...
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United States Senate
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article One of the United States Constitution. The Senate is composed of senators, each of whom represents a single state in its entirety. Each of the 50 states is equally represented by two senators who serve staggered terms of six years, for a total of 100 senators. The vice president of the United States serves as presiding officer and president of the Senate by virtue of that office, despite not being a senator, and has a vote only if the Senate is equally divided. In the vice president's absence, the president pro tempore, who is traditionally the senior member of the party holding a majority of seats, presides over the Senate. As the upper chamber of Congress, the Senate has several powers o ...
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Republican Party Of Iowa
The Republican Party of Iowa (RPI) is the affiliate of the Republican Party (United States), United States Republican Party in Iowa. The State Central Committee is chaired by Jeff Kaufmann. The RPI operates the Republican side of the Iowa caucuses and previously sponsored the Iowa Straw Poll (1979-2011), Iowa Straw Poll. Officeholders As of 2020, the Republican Party controls four of the seven statewide offices in Iowa and a majority in the Iowa House of Representatives. Republicans also hold both of the state's U.S. Senate seats and three of its four U.S. House seats. Members of Congress U.S. Senate * Chuck Grassley * Joni Ernst U.S. House of Representatives *Ashley Hinson, Iowa's 1st congressional district, 1st District *Mariannette Miller-Meeks, Iowa's 2nd congressional district, 2nd District * Randy Feenstra, Iowa's 4th congressional district, 4th District Statewide offices * Governor of Iowa, Governor: Kim Reynolds * Lieutenant Governor of Iowa, Lieutenant Governor: A ...
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Joni Ernst
Joni Kay Ernst (née Culver; born July 1, 1970) is an American former military officer and politician serving as the Seniority in the United States Senate, junior United States Senate, United States senator from Iowa since 2015. A member of the Republican Party of Iowa, Republican Party, she previously served in the Iowa Senate, Iowa State Senate from 2011 to 2014 and as auditor of Montgomery County, Iowa, Montgomery County from 2004 to 2011. After graduating from Iowa State University, Ernst joined the United States Army Reserve. She served in the Iowa Army National Guard from 1993 to 2015, retiring as a Lieutenant colonel (United States), lieutenant colonel. During the Iraq War, she served as the commanding officer of the 1168th Transportation Company in Kuwait during the Iraq War and later commanded the 185th Combat Sustainment Support Battalion at Camp Dodge, the Iowa Army National Guard's largest battalion. Ernst also holds a Master of Public Administration from Columbus Sta ...
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