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Ten'en
was a after ''Tenroku'' and before '' Jōgen.'' This period spanned the years from December 973 through July 976. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * February 6, 973 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Tenroku'' 4, on the 20th day of the 12th month of 973.Brown, p. 300. Events of the ''Ten'en'' era * May 28, 973 (''Ten'en 1, 24th day of the 4th month''): A fire broke out in a Minamoto compound located near the Imperial Palace. The fire could not be contained; and more than 300 houses were reduced to cinders. The guard was doubled around the Emperor's residence.Titsingh p. 145./ref> * 974 (''Ten'en 2, 2nd month''): Fujiwara no Kanemichi was named ''Daijō-daijin;'' and he was given permission to travel to court in a carriage. * 974 (''Ten'en 2, 10th month''): The emperor received a gift of horses from Korea. * 975 (''Ten'en 3, 8th month''): A comet was seen in the night sky. Notes R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jōgen (Heian Period)
was a after ''Ten'en'' and before ''Tengen (era), Tengen.'' This period spanned the years from July 976 through November 978. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * February 3, 976 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Ten'en'' 4, on the 13th day of the 7th month of 976. Events of the ''Jōgen'' era * June 11, 976 (''Jōgen 1, 11th day of the 5th month''): The Imperial Palace was destroyed by a great fire.Titsingh p. 145./ref> * December 20, 977 ('Jōgen 2, 8th day of the 11th month''): Fujiwara no Kanemichi dies at the age of 51.Titsingh p. 146./ref> Notes References * Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979) ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past''.Berkeley: University of California Press. OCLC 251325323* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005) ''Japan encyclopedia''.Cambridge: Harvard University Press. OCLC 58053128* Isaac Titsingh, Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Niho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tenroku
was a after ''Anna'' and before '' Ten'en.'' This period spanned the years from March 970 through March 973. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * February 970 : The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in ''Anna'' 3, on the 25th day of the 3rd month of 970. Events of the ''Tenroku'' era * 970 (''Tenroku 1, 1st month''): () became ''sadaijin'', and became ''udaijin''.Titsingh p. 144./ref> * 970 (''Tenroku 1, 5th month''): The '' sesshō'' (regent) and '' daijō-daijin'' died at the age of 71; and the ''udaijin'' Koretada then assumed his responsibilities. * 970 (''Tenroku 1, 10th month''): The ''sadaijin'' died at age 79. * 971 (''Tenroku 2, 3rd month''): For the first time, a festival (''matsuri'') in honor of the ''kami'' of Iwashimizu Shrine was celebrated. * 971 (''Tenroku 2, in the 11th month''): Koretada was created '' daijō-daijin''; () was made ''sadaijin''; and was named '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor En'yū
was the 64th emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 円融天皇 (64)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. En'yū's reign spanned the years from 969 through 984. Biography Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (''imina'') was Morihira''-shinnō''. Morihira''-shinnō'' was the fifth son of Emperor Murakami by the empress consort ''Anshi'', the daughter of Fujiwara no Morosuke, therefore the brother of Emperor Reizei. In 967, Morihira''-shinnō'' was appointed as the crown prince, bypassing his elder brother by the same mother, since his brother had no support from the Fujiwara clan. En'yū had five Empresses or Imperial consorts and one Imperial son.Brown, p. 300. Events of En'yū's life * 27 September 969 (''Anna 2, 13th day of the 8th month''): In the 3rd year of Emperor Reizei's reign (冷泉天皇三年), he abdicated; and the succession (''senso'') was received by a younger brother. * 5 November 969 (''A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Era Name
The , also known as , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being ""), followed by the literal "" meaning "year". Era names originated in 140 BCE in China, during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han. As elsewhere in East Asia, the use of era names was originally derived from Chinese imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent of the Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese era-naming systems. Unlike these other similar systems, Japanese era names are still in use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers. The five era names used since the end of the Edo period in 1868 can be abbreviated by taking the first letter of their romanized names. For example, S55 means Shōwa 55 (i.e. 1980), and H22 stands for Heisei 22 (2010). At 62 years and 2 weeks, Shōwa is the longest era to date. The c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Kanemichi
, also known as Horikawa-dono and Tōtōmi-kō, was a Japanese statesman, courtier and politician during the Heian period.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Fujiwara no Tokihira" in ; Brinkley, Frank ''et al.'' (1915). Career Kanemichi served as a minister during the reign of Emperor En'yū. His chief rival was his younger brother, Kaneie, who was also raised to the position of regent during a different time frame. * 972 (''Tenroku 3, 11th month''): Kanemichi is elevated to the concurrent offices of ''nadaijin'' and '' kampaku.''Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ; see "Fousiwara-no Kane mitsi", pre- Hepburn romanization * 974 (''Ten'en 2, 2nd month''): Kenemichi is named '' Daijō Daijin.'' * December 20, 977 ('' Jōgen 2, 8th day of the 11th month''): Kanemichi dies at the age of 51. Genealogy This member of the Fujiwara clan was the son of Morosuke. He was the second son. The Honda clan claims descent from him. Kanemichi had four brothers: Kaneie, Kinsue, Koretada,Nussbaum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōsōin
The is the treasure house of Tōdai-ji Temple in Nara, Japan. The building is in the ''azekura'' ( log-cabin) style with a raised floor. It lies to the northwest of the Great Buddha Hall. The Shōsō-in houses artifacts connected to Emperor Shōmu (聖武天皇)(701–756) and Empress Kōmyō (光明皇后)(701–760), as well as arts and crafts of the Tempyō (天平) era of Japanese history. History The construction of the Tōdai-ji Buddhist temple complex was ordained by Emperor Shōmu as part of a national project of Buddhist temple construction. During the Tempyō period, the years during which Emperor Shōmu reigned, multiple disasters struck Japan as well as political uproar and epidemics. Because of these reasons Emperor Shōmu launched a project of provincial temples. The Tōdai-ji was appointed as the head temple of these provincial temples. Emperor Shōmu was a strong supporter of Buddhism and he thought it would strengthen his central authority as well. The orig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minamoto Clan
was one of the surnames bestowed by the Emperors of Japan upon members of the imperial family who were excluded from the line of succession and demoted into the ranks of the nobility from 1192 to 1333. The practice was most prevalent during the Heian period (794–1185 AD), although its last occurrence was during the Sengoku period. The Taira were another such offshoot of the imperial dynasty, making both clans distant relatives. The Minamoto clan is also called the , or less frequently, the , using the on'yomi reading for Minamoto. The Minamoto were one of four great clans that dominated Japanese politics during the Heian period—the other three were the Fujiwara, the Taira, and the Tachibana. History The first emperor to grant the surname Minamoto was Minamoto no Makoto, seventh son of Emperor Saga. The most prominent of the several Minamoto families, the Seiwa Genji, descended from Minamoto no Tsunemoto (897–961), a grandson of Emperor Seiwa. Tsunemoto went to the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daijō-daijin
The was the head of the ''Daijō-kan'' (Great Council of State) during and after the Nara period and briefly under the Meiji Constitution. Equivalent to the Chinese (Grand Preceptor). History Emperor Tenji's favorite son, Prince Ōtomo, was the first to have been accorded the title of ''Daijō-daijin'' during the reign of his father. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the ''Daijō Daijin'' in the context of a central administrative body composed of the three ministers: the ''Daijō-daijin'' (Chancellor), the ''Sadaijin'' (Minister of the Left), and the ''Udaijin'' (Minister of the Right). These positions were consolidated under the Code of Taihō in 702.Hall, John Whitney ''et al.''. (1993)''The Cambridge History of Japan'', p. 232 As the Fujiwara clan—which dominated the regency—gained influence, the official government offices diminished in power. By the 10th century, chancellors had no power to speak of unless they were simultaneously r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing. It is a member of the Association of American University Presses. After the retirement of William P. Sisler in 2017, the university appointed as Director George Andreou. The press maintains offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts near Harvard Square, and in London, England. The press co-founded the distributor TriLiteral LLC with MIT Press and Yale University Press. TriLiteral was sold to LSC Communications in 2018. Notable authors published by HUP include Eudora Welty, Walter Benjamin, E. O. Wilson, John Rawls, Emily Dickinson, Stephen Jay Gould, Helen Vendler, Carol Gilligan, Amartya Sen, David Blight, Martha Nussbaum, and Thomas Piketty. The Display Room in Harvard Square, dedicated to selling HUP publications, closed on June 17, 2009. Related publishers, imprints, and series HUP owns the Belknap Press imprint, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaac Titsingh
Isaac Titsingh FRS ( January 1745 – 2 February 1812) was a Dutch diplomat, historian, Japanologist, and merchant.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Isaak Titsingh" in . During a long career in East Asia, Titsingh was a senior official of the Dutch East India Company ( nl, Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC)). He represented the European trading company in exclusive official contact with Tokugawa Japan, traveling to Edo twice for audiences with the shogun and other high bakufu officials. He was the Dutch and VOC governor general in Chinsura, Bengal.Stephen R. Platt, ''Imperial Twilight: the Opium War and the End of China's Last Golden Age'' (NY: Knopf, 2018), 166-73. Titsingh worked with his counterpart, Charles Cornwallis, who was governor general of the British East India Company. In 1795, Titsingh represented Dutch and VOC interests in China, where his reception at the court of the Qing Qianlong Emperor stood in contrast to the rebuff suffered by British diplomat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nihon Ōdai Ichiran
, ', is a 17th-century chronicle of the serial reigns of Japanese emperors with brief notes about some of the noteworthy events or other happenings. According to the 1871 edition of the ''American Cyclopaedia'', the 1834 French translation of ''Nihon Ōdai Ichiran'' was one of very few books about Japan available in the Western world. Prepared under the patronage of the ''tairō'' Sakai Tadakatsu The material selected for inclusion in the narrative reflects the perspective of its original Japanese author and his samurai patron, the ''tairō'' Sakai Tadakatsu, who was ''daimyō'' of the Obama Domain of Wakasa Province. It was the first book of its type to be brought from Japan to Europe, and was translated into French as "''Nipon o daï itsi ran''". Dutch Orientalist and scholar Isaac Titsingh brought the seven volumes of ''Nihon Ōdai Ichiran'' with him when he returned to Europe in 1797 after twenty years in the Far East. All these books were lost in the turmoil of the N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Columbia University Press
Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University. It is currently directed by Jennifer Crewe (2014–present) and publishes titles in the humanities and sciences, including the fields of literary and cultural studies, history, social work, sociology, religion, film, and international studies. History Founded in May 1893, In 1933 the first four volumes of the ''History of the State of New York'' were published. In early 1940s revenues rises, partially thanks to the ''Encyclopedia'' and the government's purchase of 12,500 copies for use by the military. Columbia University Press is notable for publishing reference works, such as ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'' (1935–present), ''The Columbia Granger's Index to Poetry'' (online as ''The Columbia World of Poetry Online'') and ''The Columbia Gazetteer of the World'' (also online) and for publishing music. First among American university presses to publish in electronic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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