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Temple Of Zeus, Olympia
The Temple of Zeus was an ancient Greek temple in Olympia, Greece, dedicated to the god Zeus. The temple, built in the second quarter of the fifth century BC, was the very model of the fully developed classical Greek temple of the Doric order.bTemple of Zeusat Archaeopaedia, Stanford University Construction The Temple of Zeus was built on an already ancient religious site at Olympia. The Altis, an enclosure with a sacred grove, open-air altars and the tumulus of Pelops, was first formed during the tenth and ninth centuries BC. The temple was constructed between and 456 BC. The temple was of peripteral form with a frontal pronaos (porch), mirrored by a similar arrangement at the back of the building, the opisthodomos. The building sat on a crepidoma (platform) of three unequal steps, the exterior columns were positioned in a sixbythirteen arrangement, two rows of seven columns divided the cella (inner chamber) into three aisles. An echo of the temple's original appearance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Lübke
Wilhelm Lübke (17 January 1826 – 5 April 1893) was a German art historian, born in Dortmund. He studied at Bonn and Berlin; was a professor of architecture at the Berlin Bauakademie (1857–61) and a professor of art history at the Polytechnic in Zurich (1861–66), the Polytechnic in Stuttgart (1866–85), and the Technische Hochschule in Karlsruhe (1885–93). In: (ADB). Band 52, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1906, S. 106–111. Previous to his work in art, he gave instruction in vocal and pianoforte music. Lübke was one of the pioneer writers on art history in Germany. His works were for their day both scholarly and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pronaos
A portico is a porch leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway, supported by columns or enclosed by walls. This idea was widely used in ancient Greece and has influenced many cultures, including most Western cultures. Porticos are sometimes topped with pediments. Palladio was a pioneer of using temple-fronts for secular buildings. In the UK, the temple-front applied to The Vyne, Hampshire, was the first portico applied to an English country house. A pronaos ( or ) is the inner area of the portico of a Greek or Roman temple, situated between the portico's colonnade or walls and the entrance to the ''cella'', or shrine. Roman temples commonly had an open pronaos, usually with only columns and no walls, and the pronaos could be as long as the ''cella''. The word ''pronaos'' () is Greek for "before a temple". In Latin, a pronaos is also referred to as an ''anticum'' or ''prodomus''. The pronaos of a Greek and Roman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parian Marble
Parian marble is a fine-grained, semi translucent, and pure-white marble quarried during the classical antiquity, classical era on the Greece, Greek List of islands of Greece, island of Paros in the Aegean Sea. A subtype, referred to as Parian ''lychnites'', was particularly notable in antiquity by ancient Greeks as a material for making sculptures. Some of the greatest masterpieces of ancient Greek sculpture were carved from Parian marble, including the ''Venus de' Medici, Medici Venus'', the ''Venus de Milo'', and the ''Winged Victory of Samothrace''. Archeological fieldwork on Paros has identified extensive ancient marble Open-pit mining, open-pit quarries, with the most significant sites being found at Chorodaki, Marathi, and Agios Minas. In addition to these open-pit quarries, shaft quarries were also used to mine Parian marble. There were two notable shafts in the valley of Agios Minas, identified as the "Grotto of the Nymphs" and the "Grotto of Pan" because of the relief ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2007 Greece Olympia Museum Heracles And Cretan Bull
7 (seven) is the natural number following 6 and preceding 8. It is the only prime number preceding a cube (algebra), cube. As an early prime number in the series of positive integers, the number seven has symbolic associations in religion, mythology, superstition and philosophy. The seven classical planets resulted in seven being the number of days in a week. 7 is often considered lucky in Western culture and is often seen as highly symbolic. Evolution of the Arabic digit For early Brahmi numerals, 7 was written more or less in one stroke as a curve that looks like an uppercase vertically inverted (ᒉ). The western Arab peoples' main contribution was to make the longer line diagonal rather than straight, though they showed some tendencies to making the digit more rectilinear. The eastern Arab peoples developed the digit from a form that looked something like 6 to one that looked like an uppercase V. Both modern Arab forms influenced the European form, a two-stroke form cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Period
The Roman Empire ruled the Mediterranean and much of Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. The Roman people, Romans conquered most of this during the Roman Republic, Republic, and it was ruled by emperors following Octavian's assumption of effective sole rule in 27 BC. The Western Roman Empire, western empire collapsed in 476 AD, but the Byzantine Empire, eastern empire lasted until the fall of Constantinople in 1453. By 100 BC, the city of Rome had expanded its rule from the Italian peninsula to most of the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and beyond. However, it was severely destabilised by List of Roman civil wars and revolts, civil wars and political conflicts, which culminated in the Wars of Augustus, victory of Octavian over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, and the subsequent conquest of the Ptolemaic Kingdom in Egypt. In 27 BC, the Roman Senate granted Octavian overarching military power () and the new title of ''Augustus (title), Augustus'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gargoyle
In architecture, and specifically Gothic architecture, a gargoyle () is a carved or formed Grotesque (architecture), grotesque with a spout designed to convey water from a roof and away from the side of a building, thereby preventing it from running down masonry walls and eroding the Mortar (masonry), mortar between. Architects often used multiple gargoyles on a building to divide the flow of rainwater off the roof to minimize potential damage from rainstorms. A trough is cut in the back of the gargoyle and rainwater typically exits through the open mouth. Gargoyles are usually elongated fantastical animals because their length determines how far water is directed from the wall. When Gothic art, Gothic flying buttresses were used, aqueduct (watercourse), aqueducts were sometimes cut into the buttress to divert water over the aisle walls. Etymology The term originates from the French language, French ''gargouille'' (Old French ''gargoule'' (1294) "conduit for waterflow"), com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pentelic Marble
Mount Pentelicus or Pentelikon (, or ) is a mountain in Attica (region), Attica, Greece, situated northeast of Athens and southwest of Marathon, Greece, Marathon. Its highest point is the peak ''Pyrgari'', with an elevation of 1,109 m. The mountain is covered in large part with forest (about 60 or 70%), and can be seen from southern Athens (Attica), the Pedia plain, Parnitha, and the southern part of the northern suburbs of Athens. Houses surround the mountain, especially in Vrilissia, Penteli, Ekali, Dionysos, Greece, Dionysos, and north of Gerakas. Marble from Mount Pentelicus is of exceptionally high quality and was used to construct much of the Athenian Acropolis. Later, Pentelic marble was exported to Ancient Roman architecture, Rome, where it was used in construction and in sculptures. In ancient times it was also called Brilessos or Brilettos (, ) which is the origin of the name of the nearby suburb of Vrilissia. Pentelic marble Mount Pentelicus has been famous for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stucco
Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture. Stucco can be applied on construction materials such as metal, expanded metal lath, concrete, cinder block, or clay brick and adobe for decorative and structural purposes. In English, "stucco" sometimes refers to a coating for the outside of a building and " plaster" to a coating for interiors. As described below, however, the materials themselves often have little or no difference. Other European languages, notably Italian, do not have the same distinction: ''stucco'' means ''plaster'' in Italian and serves for both. Composition The basic composition of stucco is lime, water, and sand. The difference in nomenclature between stucco, plaster, and mortar is based more on use than composition. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poros Stone
Poros stone is a lightweight, soft, marly limestone that was widely used in construction and statues of Ancient Greece. There is no precise definition of the term, although its roots go to antiquity, when it was used to designate any porous building rock, regardless of its origin, mostly in contrast with marble. In the 20th century the archeologists continued to use the term in the similarly loose way: " asmade to include almost all light-coloured stones" that were not definitely marble or hard limestone. The stone is one of the chief formations of the Neogene (Miocene or Pliocene) in Greece and it occurs at many places in the Peloponnese, making a common construction stone there. Even when hardened by exposure to the elements, is much more readily cut with a knife than is an ordinary limestone. The ease of working with is the reason for its extensive use as a building stone, especially for foundations and other architectonic parts that are not exposed to view. Ancient t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Description Of Greece
''Description of Greece'' () is the only surviving work by the ancient "geographer" or tourist Pausanias (geographer), Pausanias (c. 110 – c. 180). Pausanias' ''Description of Greece'' comprises ten books, each of them dedicated to some part of mainland Greece. He is essentially describing his own travels, and large parts of Greece are not covered, including the islands. His tour begins in Attica () and continues with Athens, including its suburbs or demes. Then the work goes with Ancient Corinth, Corinthia (), Laconia (), Messenia (ancient region), Messenia (), Ancient Elis, Elis (), Achaea (ancient region), Achaea (), Arcadia (region), Arcadia (), Boeotia (), Phocis (ancient region), Phocis (), and Ozolian Locris (). The work is rather erratic on described topography; its main interest is the cultural geography of ancient Greece, especially its religious sites, in which Pausanias not only mentioned, and occasionally described, architectural and artistic objects, but a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pausanias (geographer)
Pausanias ( ; ; ) was a Greek traveler and geographer of the second century AD. He is famous for his '' Description of Greece'' (, ), a lengthy work that describes ancient Greece from his firsthand observations. ''Description of Greece'' provides crucial information for making links between classical literature and modern archaeology, which is providing evidence of the sites and cultural details he mentions although knowledge of their existence may have become lost or relegated to myth or legend. Biography Nothing is known about Pausanias apart from what historians can piece together from his own writing. However, it is probable that he was born into a Greek family and was probably a native of Lydia in Asia Minor. From until his death around 180, Pausanias travelled throughout the mainland of Greece, writing about various monuments, sacred spaces, and significant geographical sites along the way. In writing his '' Description of Greece'', Pausanias sought to put together ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Temple Of Hera (Paestum)
The Temple of Hera II (also erroneously called the Temple of Neptune or of Poseidon), is a Greek temple of Magna Graecia in Paestum, Campania, Italy. It was built in the Doric order around 460–450 BC, just north of the First Temple of Hera (Paestum), first Hera Temple of around 550–525 BC. The name "Temple of Neptune" is a misnomer from the 18th century, it is now thought it was actually dedicated to the goddess Hera, although it is possible that Poseidon (Neptune to the Romans) was also a dedicatee. A. W. Lawrence described it as "the best preserved of all Greek temples". It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1998. Description The temple measures 24.46 by 59.98 metres, with six external columns along its shorter sides and fourteen columns along its longer sides (counting the corner columns twice). These are 8.88 metres high (29 feet), and the columns at the ends taper from a diameter of nearly 7 feet at the bottom to about 5 feet at the top; the columns on the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
