Tapapi Language

	Tapapi Language Tabo, also known as Waia (Waya), is a Papuan language of Western Province, Papua New Guinea, just north of the Fly River delta. The language has also been known as Hiwi and Hibaradai. ''Tabo'' means ‘word, mouth’ and is the name of the language, whereas ''Waia'' is the name of one of the ten villages where Tabo is spoken. Classification Tabo is not close to other languages. Evans (2018) classifies it as a language isolate. Usher (2020) includes it in the Trans-Fly family. Part of the uncertainty is because many of the attested words of Tabo are loans from Gogodala or Kiwai, reducing the number of native Tabo words that can be used for comparison and thus making classification difficult. Demographics In Gogodala Rural LLG, Western Province, Papua New Guinea, Tabo is spoken in: Lower Aramia River: Alagi (), Galu, Saiwase (), and Waya () villages Bamu River: Alikinapi village Lower Fly River: Kenedibi (), Urio (), and Wagumi-Sarau villages Segero Creek: Segero vil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Western Province, Papua New Guinea Western Province is a coastal province in southwestern Papua New Guinea, bordering the Indonesian province of Papua (Indonesian province), Papua. The provincial capital (political), capital is Daru. The largest town in the province is Tabubil, Papua New Guinea, Tabubil. Other major settlements are Kiunga, Papua New Guinea, Kiunga, Ningerum, Olsobip and Balimo. The provincial government has, as with the governments of Bougainville Province, North Solomons, Simbu Province, Chimbu and Oro Province, Northern provinces, sought to change the name of the province. The government uses the name Fly River Provincial Government; however, this remains unofficial as it has not been changed in the Constitution of Papua New Guinea. Geography and ecology Western Province covers 99,300 km² and is the largest province in Papua New Guinea by area. There are several large rivers that run through the province, including the Fly River and its tributary, tributaries the Strickland River, Strickla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Ethnologue ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' (stylized as ''Ethnoloɠue'') is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensive catalogue of languages. It was first issued in 1951, and is now published by SIL International, an American Christian non-profit organization. Overview and content ''Ethnologue'' has been published by SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization with an international office in Dallas, Texas. The organization studies numerous minority languages to facilitate language development, and to work with speakers of such language communities in translating portions of the Bible into their languages. Despite the Christian orientation of its publisher, ''Ethnologue'' isn't ideologically or theologically biased. ''Ethnologue'' includes alternative names and autonyms, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Languages Of Western Province (Papua New Guinea) Language is a structured system of communication. The structure of a language is its grammar and the free components are its vocabulary. Languages are the primary means by which humans communicate, and may be conveyed through a variety of methods, including spoken, sign, and written language. Many languages, including the most widely-spoken ones, have writing systems that enable sounds or signs to be recorded for later reactivation. Human language is highly variable between cultures and across time. Human languages have the properties of productivity and displacement, and rely on social convention and learning. Estimates of the number of human languages in the world vary between and . Precise estimates depend on an arbitrary distinction (dichotomy) established between languages and dialects. Natural languages are spoken, signed, or both; however, any language can be encoded into secondary media using auditory, visual, or tactile stimuli – for example, writing, whistl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Trans-Fly–Bulaka River Languages The Trans-Fly – Bulaka River South-Central Papuan languages form a hypothetical family of Papuan languages. They include many of the languages west of the Fly River in southern Papua New Guinea into southern Indonesian West Papua, plus a pair of languages on the Bulaka River a hundred km further west. The family was posited by Stephen Wurm as a branch of his 1975 Trans–New Guinea proposal. Wurm thought it likely that many of these languages would prove to not actually belong to Trans–New Guinea, but rather to have been heavily influenced by Trans–New Guinea languages. Malcolm Ross (2005) concurred, and removed most of them. Classification None of the families are closely related; indeed, it is difficult to demonstrate a link between any of them. Wurm's 1975 TNG branch included the following eight demonstrated families: * Kiwaian, on the banks and east of the Fly River ''Waia'', north of the Fly delta Tirio, on the western bank of the Fly River Eastern Trans-Fly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Bamu Rural LLG Bamu Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of Western Province, Papua New Guinea. The Kamula language is spoken in the LLG, near the Wawoi Falls area. Wards 01. Samakopa (Kamula language speakers) 02. Kawalasi 03. Kamusi 04. Parieme 05. Bibisa ( Foia Foia language speakers) 06. Gagori 07. Iowa 08. Garu 09. Miruwo 10. Wakau/Sogere 11. Asaramio 12. Bina 13. Sisiam 14. Torobina 15. Bamio 16. Pirupiru 17. Ukusi 18. Nemeti 19. Ibuo See also Bamu River Wawoi River Wawoi River is a river located in Western Province, Papua New Guinea. With a total length of , mean annual discharge of and has a drainage basin of its source is located in Mount Bosavi and flows southeast into the Gulf of Papua The Gulf o ... References * {{WesternProvincePNG-geo-stub Local-level governments of Western Province (Papua New Guinea) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Segero Creek Segero Creek (also Segera River or Sagero Creek) is a creek located in Western Province, Papua New Guinea. Segera Riverin Geonames.org (cc-by) post updated 2012-01-17; database downloaded 2015-06-22 Segero village (), where the Tabo language is spoken, is located on banks of the creek. See also List of rivers of Papua New Guinea Tabo language Tabo, also known as Waia (Waya), is a Papuan language of Western Province, Papua New Guinea, just north of the Fly River delta. The language has also been known as Hiwi and Hibaradai. ''Tabo'' means ‘word, mouth’ and is the name of the lang ... References Rivers of Papua New Guinea {{PapuaNewGuinea-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Bamu River The Bamu River is a river in southwestern Papua New Guinea.Bamu Riverin Geonames.org (cc-by) post updated 2012-01-17; database downloaded 2015-06-22 See also List of rivers of Papua New Guinea Bamu language Bamu, or Bamu Kiwai, is a Papuan language of southern Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong ..., a language of Papua New Guinea * Bamu Rural LLG, Papua New Guinea References Rivers of Papua New Guinea {{PapuaNewGuinea-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Aramia River The Aramia River is a river in southwestern Papua New Guinea. Aramia Riverin Geonames.org (cc-by) post updated 2013-05-07; database downloaded 2015-06-22 See also List of rivers of Papua New Guinea This is a list of rivers of Papua New Guinea. In alphabetical order New Britain Aemoi River * Apmi River * Balima River (Papua New Guinea) * Johanna River (New Britain) * Warangoi River New Ireland * Aparam River * Lossuk River * Lumis Rive ... * Aramia River languages ( Gogodala–Suki languages) References Rivers of Papua New Guinea {{PapuaNewGuinea-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	SIL International SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics) is an evangelical Christian non-profit organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document languages, especially those that are lesser-known, in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy, translate the Christian Bible into local languages, and aid minority language development. Based on its language documentation work, SIL publishes a database, ''Ethnologue'', of its research into the world's languages, and develops and publishes software programs for language documentation, such as FieldWorks Language Explorer (FLEx) and Lexique Pro. Its main offices in the United States are located at the International Linguistics Center in Dallas, Texas. History William Cameron Townsend, a Presbyterian minister, founded the organization in 1934, after undertaking a Christian mission with the Disciples of Christ among the Kaqchikel Maya people in Guatemala in the early 1930s.George Thomas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Gogodala Rural LLG Gogodala Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of Western Province, Papua New Guinea. The Gogodala-Suki languages, Dibiyaso, and Turumsa are mostly spoken within this LLG. Wards 01. Ali 02. Makapa ( Turumsa language and Dibiyaso language speakers) 03. Isago 04. Pikiwa (Dibiyaso language speakers) 05. Wasapea (Kamula language speakers) 06. Pisi 07. Semabo 08. Awaba 09. Dadi 10. Aketa 11. Kawito Station 12. Kotale 13. Kewa 14. Tai 15. Dogona 16. Adiba 17. Yau 18. Ike 19. Kini 20. Waligi 21. Kimama 22. Bamutsa (Dibiyaso language speakers) 23. Uladu 24. Ugu 25. Kenewa 26. Waya 27. Kubu 28. Duaba 29. Konedobu 30. Pagona 31. Dede 32. Sialoa 33. Kawiyapo 34. Uric 35. Aduru ( Makayam language speakers) 36. Baramula (Baramu language speakers) 37. Tapila ( Abom language and Baramu language speakers) 38. Lewada ( Abom language and Makayam language speakers) 39. Dewara ( Abom language and Were language Were (''Weredai''), or Kiunum, is a Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia). Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is Port Moresby. The country is the world's third largest island country, with an area of . At the national level, after being ruled by three external powers since 1884, including nearly 60 years of Australian administration starting during World War I, Papua New Guinea established its sovereignty in 1975. It became an independent Commonwealth realm in 1975 with Elizabeth II as its queen. It also became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations in its own right. There are 839 known languages of Papua New Guinea, one of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Kiwai Language Kiwai is a Papuan language, or languages, of southern Papua New Guinea. Dialects number 1,300 Kope, 700 Gibaio, 1,700 Urama, 700 Arigibi (together "Northeast Kiwai"), 3,800 Coast, 1,000 Daru, 4,500 Island, 400 Doumori (together "Southern Kiwai"). Wurm and Hattori (1981) classify Arigibi as a separate language. Introduction Kiwai Island is a long/low island located on the Eastern side of the Southern entrance to the delta of the Fly River (Papua). Gender Kiwai is gender free; male and female is shown by specific terms when needed. Alphabet * 17 Letters vowels: a, e, i, o, u (diphthongs are combinations of any two vowels, e.g. ai, au, oi, ou, ei, etc.) Consonants: k, g, t, s, d, n, r, p, b, m, v, h Semivowel: w/u, i/y /j/ Parts of speech Parts of speech are associated with the standard European parts of speech, somewhat inelegantly. The three major parts of sppech are Nominals, Verbs and Particles: Nominals # Nouns, Adjectives, Pronouns (Personal and Relative) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:** [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]

	Tapapi Language Tabo, also known as Waia (Waya), is a Papuan language of Western Province, Papua New Guinea, just north of the Fly River delta. The language has also been known as Hiwi and Hibaradai. ''Tabo'' means ‘word, mouth’ and is the name of the language, whereas ''Waia'' is the name of one of the ten villages where Tabo is spoken. Classification Tabo is not close to other languages. Evans (2018) classifies it as a language isolate. Usher (2020) includes it in the Trans-Fly family. Part of the uncertainty is because many of the attested words of Tabo are loans from Gogodala or Kiwai, reducing the number of native Tabo words that can be used for comparison and thus making classification difficult. Demographics In Gogodala Rural LLG, Western Province, Papua New Guinea, Tabo is spoken in: Lower Aramia River: Alagi (), Galu, Saiwase (), and Waya () villages Bamu River: Alikinapi village Lower Fly River: Kenedibi (), Urio (), and Wagumi-Sarau villages Segero Creek: Segero vil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Western Province, Papua New Guinea Western Province is a coastal province in southwestern Papua New Guinea, bordering the Indonesian province of Papua (Indonesian province), Papua. The provincial capital (political), capital is Daru. The largest town in the province is Tabubil, Papua New Guinea, Tabubil. Other major settlements are Kiunga, Papua New Guinea, Kiunga, Ningerum, Olsobip and Balimo. The provincial government has, as with the governments of Bougainville Province, North Solomons, Simbu Province, Chimbu and Oro Province, Northern provinces, sought to change the name of the province. The government uses the name Fly River Provincial Government; however, this remains unofficial as it has not been changed in the Constitution of Papua New Guinea. Geography and ecology Western Province covers 99,300 km² and is the largest province in Papua New Guinea by area. There are several large rivers that run through the province, including the Fly River and its tributary, tributaries the Strickland River, Strickla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Ethnologue ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' (stylized as ''Ethnoloɠue'') is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensive catalogue of languages. It was first issued in 1951, and is now published by SIL International, an American Christian non-profit organization. Overview and content ''Ethnologue'' has been published by SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization with an international office in Dallas, Texas. The organization studies numerous minority languages to facilitate language development, and to work with speakers of such language communities in translating portions of the Bible into their languages. Despite the Christian orientation of its publisher, ''Ethnologue'' isn't ideologically or theologically biased. ''Ethnologue'' includes alternative names and autonyms, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Languages Of Western Province (Papua New Guinea) Language is a structured system of communication. The structure of a language is its grammar and the free components are its vocabulary. Languages are the primary means by which humans communicate, and may be conveyed through a variety of methods, including spoken, sign, and written language. Many languages, including the most widely-spoken ones, have writing systems that enable sounds or signs to be recorded for later reactivation. Human language is highly variable between cultures and across time. Human languages have the properties of productivity and displacement, and rely on social convention and learning. Estimates of the number of human languages in the world vary between and . Precise estimates depend on an arbitrary distinction (dichotomy) established between languages and dialects. Natural languages are spoken, signed, or both; however, any language can be encoded into secondary media using auditory, visual, or tactile stimuli – for example, writing, whistl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Trans-Fly–Bulaka River Languages The Trans-Fly – Bulaka River South-Central Papuan languages form a hypothetical family of Papuan languages. They include many of the languages west of the Fly River in southern Papua New Guinea into southern Indonesian West Papua, plus a pair of languages on the Bulaka River a hundred km further west. The family was posited by Stephen Wurm as a branch of his 1975 Trans–New Guinea proposal. Wurm thought it likely that many of these languages would prove to not actually belong to Trans–New Guinea, but rather to have been heavily influenced by Trans–New Guinea languages. Malcolm Ross (2005) concurred, and removed most of them. Classification None of the families are closely related; indeed, it is difficult to demonstrate a link between any of them. Wurm's 1975 TNG branch included the following eight demonstrated families: * Kiwaian, on the banks and east of the Fly River ''Waia'', north of the Fly delta Tirio, on the western bank of the Fly River Eastern Trans-Fly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Bamu Rural LLG Bamu Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of Western Province, Papua New Guinea. The Kamula language is spoken in the LLG, near the Wawoi Falls area. Wards 01. Samakopa (Kamula language speakers) 02. Kawalasi 03. Kamusi 04. Parieme 05. Bibisa ( Foia Foia language speakers) 06. Gagori 07. Iowa 08. Garu 09. Miruwo 10. Wakau/Sogere 11. Asaramio 12. Bina 13. Sisiam 14. Torobina 15. Bamio 16. Pirupiru 17. Ukusi 18. Nemeti 19. Ibuo See also Bamu River Wawoi River Wawoi River is a river located in Western Province, Papua New Guinea. With a total length of , mean annual discharge of and has a drainage basin of its source is located in Mount Bosavi and flows southeast into the Gulf of Papua The Gulf o ... References * {{WesternProvincePNG-geo-stub Local-level governments of Western Province (Papua New Guinea) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Segero Creek Segero Creek (also Segera River or Sagero Creek) is a creek located in Western Province, Papua New Guinea. Segera Riverin Geonames.org (cc-by) post updated 2012-01-17; database downloaded 2015-06-22 Segero village (), where the Tabo language is spoken, is located on banks of the creek. See also List of rivers of Papua New Guinea Tabo language Tabo, also known as Waia (Waya), is a Papuan language of Western Province, Papua New Guinea, just north of the Fly River delta. The language has also been known as Hiwi and Hibaradai. ''Tabo'' means ‘word, mouth’ and is the name of the lang ... References Rivers of Papua New Guinea {{PapuaNewGuinea-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Bamu River The Bamu River is a river in southwestern Papua New Guinea.Bamu Riverin Geonames.org (cc-by) post updated 2012-01-17; database downloaded 2015-06-22 See also List of rivers of Papua New Guinea Bamu language Bamu, or Bamu Kiwai, is a Papuan language of southern Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong ..., a language of Papua New Guinea * Bamu Rural LLG, Papua New Guinea References Rivers of Papua New Guinea {{PapuaNewGuinea-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Aramia River The Aramia River is a river in southwestern Papua New Guinea. Aramia Riverin Geonames.org (cc-by) post updated 2013-05-07; database downloaded 2015-06-22 See also List of rivers of Papua New Guinea This is a list of rivers of Papua New Guinea. In alphabetical order New Britain Aemoi River * Apmi River * Balima River (Papua New Guinea) * Johanna River (New Britain) * Warangoi River New Ireland * Aparam River * Lossuk River * Lumis Rive ... * Aramia River languages ( Gogodala–Suki languages) References Rivers of Papua New Guinea {{PapuaNewGuinea-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	SIL International SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics) is an evangelical Christian non-profit organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document languages, especially those that are lesser-known, in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy, translate the Christian Bible into local languages, and aid minority language development. Based on its language documentation work, SIL publishes a database, ''Ethnologue'', of its research into the world's languages, and develops and publishes software programs for language documentation, such as FieldWorks Language Explorer (FLEx) and Lexique Pro. Its main offices in the United States are located at the International Linguistics Center in Dallas, Texas. History William Cameron Townsend, a Presbyterian minister, founded the organization in 1934, after undertaking a Christian mission with the Disciples of Christ among the Kaqchikel Maya people in Guatemala in the early 1930s.George Thomas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Gogodala Rural LLG Gogodala Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of Western Province, Papua New Guinea. The Gogodala-Suki languages, Dibiyaso, and Turumsa are mostly spoken within this LLG. Wards 01. Ali 02. Makapa ( Turumsa language and Dibiyaso language speakers) 03. Isago 04. Pikiwa (Dibiyaso language speakers) 05. Wasapea (Kamula language speakers) 06. Pisi 07. Semabo 08. Awaba 09. Dadi 10. Aketa 11. Kawito Station 12. Kotale 13. Kewa 14. Tai 15. Dogona 16. Adiba 17. Yau 18. Ike 19. Kini 20. Waligi 21. Kimama 22. Bamutsa (Dibiyaso language speakers) 23. Uladu 24. Ugu 25. Kenewa 26. Waya 27. Kubu 28. Duaba 29. Konedobu 30. Pagona 31. Dede 32. Sialoa 33. Kawiyapo 34. Uric 35. Aduru ( Makayam language speakers) 36. Baramula (Baramu language speakers) 37. Tapila ( Abom language and Baramu language speakers) 38. Lewada ( Abom language and Makayam language speakers) 39. Dewara ( Abom language and Were language Were (''Weredai''), or Kiunum, is a Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia). Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is Port Moresby. The country is the world's third largest island country, with an area of . At the national level, after being ruled by three external powers since 1884, including nearly 60 years of Australian administration starting during World War I, Papua New Guinea established its sovereignty in 1975. It became an independent Commonwealth realm in 1975 with Elizabeth II as its queen. It also became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations in its own right. There are 839 known languages of Papua New Guinea, one of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Kiwai Language Kiwai is a Papuan language, or languages, of southern Papua New Guinea. Dialects number 1,300 Kope, 700 Gibaio, 1,700 Urama, 700 Arigibi (together "Northeast Kiwai"), 3,800 Coast, 1,000 Daru, 4,500 Island, 400 Doumori (together "Southern Kiwai"). Wurm and Hattori (1981) classify Arigibi as a separate language. Introduction Kiwai Island is a long/low island located on the Eastern side of the Southern entrance to the delta of the Fly River (Papua). Gender Kiwai is gender free; male and female is shown by specific terms when needed. Alphabet * 17 Letters vowels: a, e, i, o, u (diphthongs are combinations of any two vowels, e.g. ai, au, oi, ou, ei, etc.) Consonants: k, g, t, s, d, n, r, p, b, m, v, h Semivowel: w/u, i/y /j/ Parts of speech Parts of speech are associated with the standard European parts of speech, somewhat inelegantly. The three major parts of sppech are Nominals, Verbs and Particles: Nominals # Nouns, Adjectives, Pronouns (Personal and Relative) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:** [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]