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Tabarra Agitation
The 1939 Tabarra agitation was an event when some 18,000 Shias were jailed during months of March, April, and May 1939 in Lucknow, India. A civil disobedience movement was at once started by Shias following the Congress Government communique of 31 March 1939 (which allowed reciting of previously banned Madhe-Sahaba at public meetings). Sunnis called off their civil disobedience movement but its effect on Shias was far greater than anticipated; they had the authority of two committees (Piggot committee and Allsop committee) and the practice of thirty years in support of their position. Some 1800 Shias courted arrest, including prominent Shia figures such as Syed Ali Zaheer (newly elected MLA from Allahabad- Jaunpur), the Princes of the former royal family of Awadh, Sayed Muhammad Naseer ''Naseer-ul-Millat'' the son of Maulana Nasir a respected Shia mujtahid (the eldest son, student and designated successor of Maulana Sayed Nasir Hussain of Abaqati family), Maulana Sayed K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Religious Violence In India
Religious violence in India includes acts of violence by followers of one religious group against followers and institutions of another religious group, often in the form of rioting. Religious violence in India has generally involved Hindus and Muslims. Despite the secular and religiously tolerant constitution of India, broad religious representation in various aspects of society including the government, the active role played by autonomous bodies such as National Human Rights Commission of India and National Commission for Minorities, and the ground-level work being done by non-governmental organisations, sporadic and sometimes serious acts of religious violence tend to occur as the root causes of religious violence often run deep in history, religious activities, and politics of India. Along with domestic organizations, international human rights organisations such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch publish reports on acts of religious violence in India. From 200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abaqati Family
The Abaqati family (or ''Khandān-e-Abaqāat'') is a sub-branch of the Jarwal-Kintoor'' branch of ''Nishapuri Kazmi- Musavi Sayeds who trace their lineage to the Islamic prophet Muhammad through eldest son of great-grandson of Musa al-Kadhim, he was given ''jagir'' in Jarwal-Kintoor by Sultan Muhammad Tughluq, other two were given ''jagir'' in Budgam, Kashmir and Sylhet, Bengal. The most famous of ''Kintoori Sayyeds'' is Syed Mir Hamid Hussain Musavi Saheb-e-Abaqaat, author of a work entitled Abaqat al Anwar'; the first word in the title of this work provided his descendants with the ''nisba'' (title) they still bear, ''Abaqati''. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Lucknow
Lucknow (, ) is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is also the second largest urban agglomeration in Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and division. Having a population of 2.8 million as per 2011 census, it is the eleventh most populous city and the twelfth-most populous urban agglomeration of India. Lucknow has always been a multicultural city that flourished as a North Indian cultural and artistic hub, and the seat of power of Nawabs in the 18th and 19th centuries. It continues to be an important centre of governance, administration, education, commerce, aerospace, finance, pharmaceuticals, technology, design, culture, tourism, music and poetry. The city stands at an elevation of approximately above sea level. Lucknow city had an area of till December 2019, when 88 villages were added to the municipal limits and the area increased to . Bounded on the east by Barabanki, on the we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sectarian Violence
Sectarian violence and/or sectarian strife is a form of communal violence which is inspired by sectarianism, that is, discrimination, hatred or prejudice between different sects of a particular mode of an ideology or different sects of a religion within a nation/community. Religious segregation often plays a role in sectarian violence. Concept According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute: Sectarian violence differs from the concept of race riot. It may involve the dynamics of social polarization, the balkanization of a geographic area along the lines of self-identifying groups, and protracted social conflict. Some of the possible enabling environments for sectarian violence include power struggles, political climate, social climate, cultural climate, and economic landscape. *Economic conflict: capitalist versus Collectivist anarchism * Political conflict: communist versus nationalist *Interreligious conflict: Christians and/or Catholics versus JewsMusli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shia Islam In India
Shia Islam was brought to the Indian subcontinent during the final years of the Rashidun Caliphate. The Indian subcontinent also served as a refuge for some Shias escaping persecution from Umayyad Caliphate, Umayyads, Abbasids, Ayyubid dynasty, Ayyubids, and Ottoman Empire, Ottomans. The immigration continued throughout the second millennium until the formation of modern nation states. Shi'ism also won converts among the local population. Shia Islam has a long history and deep roots in the subcontinent. However, the earliest major political influence was that of the Shia dynasties in Deccan. It was here that the indigenous and distinct Shia culture took shape. After the conquest of Golconda Fort, Golconda by Mughal Empire, Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in the 17th century and subsequent establishment of hereditary governorship in Nawab of Awadh, Awadh after his death, Lucknow became the nerve center of Indian Shi'ism. In the 18th century, intellectual movements of Islamic puritanism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culture Of Lucknow
Culture () is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.Tylor, Edward. (1871). Primitive Culture. Vol 1. New York: J.P. Putnam's Son Culture is often originated from or attributed to a specific region or location. Humans acquire culture through the learning processes of enculturation and socialization, which is shown by the diversity of cultures across societies. A cultural norm codifies acceptable conduct in society; it serves as a guideline for behavior, dress, language, and demeanor in a situation, which serves as a template for expectations in a social group. Accepting only a monoculture in a social group can bear risks, just as a single species can wither in the face of environmental change, for lack of functional responses to the change. Thus in military culture, valor is counted a typica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madhe Sahaba Agitation
The Madhe Sahaba Agitation was a civil disobedience movement launched by Deobandi Muslims of Lucknow in the first half of the twentieth century to counter the commemoration of the tragedy of Karbala during Muharram. It resulted in a widespread Shia-Sunni conflict between the years 1906 – 1909 and turned violent in 1936 – 1939. The conflict spread to other parts of British India. Background In Medieval India, Shiites and Sunnis commemorated Muharram together. Pelsaert gives an account of commemoration of Muharram in Jahangir's reign as follows: "In commemoration of this tragedy, they wail all night for a period of ten days. The women recite lamentations and display grief. The men carry two decorated coffins on the main roads of the city with many lamps. Large crowds attend these ceremonies, with great cries of mourning and noise. The chief event is on the last night, when it seems as if a Pharoah had killed all the infants in one night. The outcry lasts till the first qu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tabarra
Tabarri ( ar, تبري) is a doctrine that refers to the obligation of disassociation with those who oppose God and those who caused harm to and were the enemies of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. As Shi'as believe, they believe that the imamate is the inheritor of Risala (apostleship), thus it is the protector of Islam. Muhammad introduced them (Imams). Later every Imam introduced and stipulated the next Imam. So, people who were obstacles to the Imamate and implementation of the true form of Islam and equally the people who were the enemies of Ahl al-Bayt are the enemies of God and it is necessary for all believers to dissociate from them. Definition Every Shia Muslim believes it to be their duty to dissociate themselves from the enemies of God and his Messengers. Muslims differ on whom to consider to be the enemies of God, Muhammad and the Ahl al-Bayt. The doctrine of Tabarri itself does not dictate whom to dissociate from or whom to associate with. It dictates the dissoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barawafat
Mawlid, Mawlid an-Nabi ash-Sharif or Eid Milad un Nabi ( ar, المولد النبوي, translit=mawlid an-nabawī, lit=Birth of the Prophet, sometimes simply called in colloquial Arabic , , among other vernacular pronunciations; sometimes , ) is the observance of the birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad which is commemorated in Rabi' al-awwal, the third month in the Islamic calendar. 12th Rabi' al-awwal is the accepted date among most of the Sunni scholars, while most Shia scholars regard 17th Rabi' al-awwal as the accepted date, though not all Shias consider it to be this date. It is also called Maouloud in West Africa. The history of this celebration goes back to the early days of Islam when some of the Tabi‘un began to hold sessions in which poetry and songs composed to honour Muhammad were recited and sung to the crowds. It has been said that the first Muslim ruler to officially celebrate the birth of Muhammad in an impressive ceremony was Muzaffar al-Din Gökböri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governor Of United Provinces
This is a list of governors of the United Provinces and the precursor offices associated with that title from the provisional establishment of the Governor of Agra in 1833 until the province was renamed as Uttar Pradesh when India became officially a republic in 1950. Governors of the United Provinces (1937–1947) * Sir Harry Graham Haig, 1 April 1937 – 7 December 1939, ''continued'' **Nawab of Chhatari, acting Governor, April to November 1937 * Sir Maurice Garnier Hallett, 7 December 1939 – 7 December 1945 * Sir Francis Verner Wylie, 7 December 1945 – 14 August 1947 Governors of the United Provinces of Independent India (1947-1950) On 15 August 1947 India achieved independence from the United Kingdom. * Sarojini Naidu, 15 August 1947 – 2 March 1949 * Bidhu Bhushan Malik, 3 March 1949 – 1 May 1949 acting * Hormasji Peroshaw Mody, 2 May 1949 – 25 January 1950 in the Government of Uttar Pradesh website The province was renamed Uttar Pradesh on 26 January 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maulana Azad
Abul Kalam Ghulam Muhiyuddin Ahmed bin Khairuddin Al-Hussaini Azad (; 11 November 1888 – 22 February 1958) was an Indian independence activist, Islamic theologian, writer and a senior leader of the Indian National Congress. Following India's independence, he became the First Minister of Education in the Indian government. He is commonly remembered as Maulana Azad; the word Maulana is an honorific meaning 'Our Master' and he had adopted ''Azad'' (''Free'') as his pen name. His contribution to establishing the education foundation in India is recognised by celebrating his birthday as National Education Day across India. As a young man, Azad composed poetry in Urdu, as well as treatises on religion and philosophy. He rose to prominence through his work as a journalist, publishing works critical of the British Raj and espousing the causes of Indian nationalism. Azad became the leader of the Khilafat Movement, during which he came into close contact with the Indian leader M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
