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Sámi Orthography
Sámi orthography refers to the various orthographies used by the eight Sámi languages that have their own literary language: Southern Sámi, Ume Sámi, Pite Sámi, Lule Sámi, Northern Sámi, Inari Sámi, Skolt Sámi, and Kildin Sámi. Orthographical trends Three different orthographical trends can be identified for these Sámi languages. The first one uses the principle of having the Sámi orthography be the same as it is for the majority language of that country as its basis. This trend goes back to the traditions where the Sámi language was first being used as a written language, i.e., in Sweden. The literary language there that followed this principle was based on the old Ume Sámi literary language from the 18th century. This same literary language was partially used as the basis for the modern literary languages of Southern Sámi and Lule Sámi. The oldest orthography for Northern Sámi in Norway, that of Knud Leem, upholds this tradition. The second tradition goes bac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthography
An orthography is a set of conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, hyphenation, capitalization, word breaks, emphasis, and punctuation. Most transnational languages in the modern period have a writing system, and most of these systems have undergone substantial standardization, thus exhibiting less dialect variation than the spoken language. These processes can fossilize pronunciation patterns that are no longer routinely observed in speech (e.g., "would" and "should"); they can also reflect deliberate efforts to introduce variability for the sake of national identity, as seen in Noah Webster's efforts to introduce easily noticeable differences between American and British spelling (e.g., "honor" and "honour"). Some nations (e.g. France and Spain) have established language academies in an attempt to regulate orthography officially. For most languages (including English) however, there are no such authorities and a sense of 'correct' orthography evol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Collating Order
Collation is the assembly of written information into a standard order. Many systems of collation are based on numerical order or alphabetical order, or extensions and combinations thereof. Collation is a fundamental element of most office filing systems, library catalogs, and reference books. Collation differs from ''classification'' in that the classes themselves are not necessarily ordered. However, even if the order of the classes is irrelevant, the identifiers of the classes may be members of an ordered set, allowing a sorting algorithm to arrange the items by class. Formally speaking, a collation method typically defines a total order on a set of possible identifiers, called sort keys, which consequently produces a total preorder on the set of items of information (items with the same identifier are not placed in any defined order). A collation algorithm such as the Unicode collation algorithm defines an order through the process of comparing two given character strings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
En With Tail
En or EN may refer to: Businesses * Bouygues (stock symbol EN) * Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway (reporting mark EN, but now known as Southern Railway of Vancouver Island) * Euronews, a news television and internet channel Language and writing * En or N, the 14th letter of the Roman alphabet * EN (cuneiform), the mark in Sumerian cuneiform script for a High Priest or Priestess meaning "lord" or "priest" * En (Cyrillic) (Н, н), a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet, equivalent to the Roman letter "n" * En (digraph), ‹en› used as a phoneme * En (typography), a unit of width in typography ** en dash, a dash one en long * En language, a language spoken in northern Vietnam * English language (ISO 639-1 language code en) Organisations * Eastern National, a US organization providing educational products to National Park visitors * English Nature, a former UK government conservation agency * Envirolink Northwest, an environmental organization in England Religion * En (deity) in Alb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El With Tail
El with tail (Ӆ ӆ; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Cyrillic letter el (Л л) by adding a tail to the right leg. El with tail is used in the alphabet of the Kildin Sami language, where it is located between and . This letter represents the voiceless alveolar lateral fricative , like the pronunciation of in the Welsh language. In Khanty language it is sometimes used as a substitute for Ԯ, while in the Itelmen language it is sometimes used as a substitute for Ԓ. Computing codes See also *Ԯ ԯ : Cyrillic letter El with descender *Ԓ ԓ : Cyrillic letter El with hook *Ԡ ԡ : Cyrillic letter El with middle hook *Cyrillic characters in Unicode As of Unicode version 15.0 Cyrillic script is encoded across several blocks: * CyrillicU+0400–U+04FF 256 characters * Cyrillic SupplementU+0500–U+052F 48 characters * Cyrillic Extended-AU+2DE0–U+2DFF 32 characters * Cyrillic Extended-BU+A ... {{Cyrillic-alphabet-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Short I With Tail to represent the voiceless palatal approximant ; the Cyrillic letter Je (Ј ј) may also be used.
Short I with tail (Ҋ ҋ; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Cyrillic letter Short I (Й й) by adding a tail to the right leg. Short I with tail is used only in the alphabet of the Kildin Sami language Kildin may refer to: * Kildin Island * Kildin class destroyer * Kildin Sami * Ostrov (air base) Ostrov (Russian: ''Веретье'' ("Veret"); also Ostrov-5, Gorokhovka) is a Russian Air Force air base Computing codes See also *И и :[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shha
Shha or He (Һ һ; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Latin letter H (H h ), but the capital forms are more similar to a rotated Cyrillic letter Che (Ч ч) or a stroke-less Tshe (Ћ ћ) because the Cyrillic letter En (Н н) already has the same form as the Latin letter H. Most of the languages using the letter call it ''ha'' - the name ''shha'' was created when the letter was encoded in Unicode. Shha often represents the voiceless glottal fricative The voiceless glottal fricative, sometimes called voiceless glottal transition, and sometimes called the aspirate, is a type of sound used in some spoken languages that patterns like a fricative or approximant consonant ''phonologically'', but ... , like the pronunciation of in "hat"; and is used in the alphabets of the following languages: Computing codes References External links Unicode definition Tatar language {{cyrillic-alphabet-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyrillic Script
The Cyrillic script ( ), Slavonic script or the Slavic script, is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic languages, Slavic, Turkic languages, Turkic, Mongolic languages, Mongolic, Uralic languages, Uralic, Caucasian languages, Caucasian and Iranian languages, Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, North Asia, and East Asia. , around 250 million people in Eurasia use Cyrillic as the official script for their national languages, with Russia accounting for about half of them. With the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union on 1 January 2007, Cyrillic became the third official script of the European Union, following the Latin script, Latin and Greek alphabet, Greek alphabets. The Early Cyrillic alphabet was developed during the 9th century AD at the Preslav Literary School in the First Bulgarian Empire during the reign of tsar Simeon I of Bulgar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
G With Stroke
The g-stroke character Ǥ / ǥ is a letter of the Latin Skolt Sami alphabet, denoting the partially voiced palatal spirant (i.e., a weakly voiced velar fricative). It appears contrastively with respect to G, Ǧ, K, Ǩ, C, and Č, and typically appears phonemically geminate, e.g., ''viiǥǥam'' "I bring". In Kadiweu, G with stroke is used to represent the voiced uvular stop . The letter is also used to write Proto-Germanic, has been used to write Northern Sami (in an old orthography), and is used to represent a velar nasal in the Old Icelandic orthography proposed in the First Grammatical Treatise The First Grammatical Treatise ( is, Fyrsta málfræðiritgerðin ) is a 12th-century work on the phonology of the Old Norse or Old Icelandic language. It was given this name because it is the first of four grammatical works bound in the Icelandic .... G-stroke {{latin-script-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ezh With Caron
Ezh (Ʒ ʒ) , also called the "tailed z", is a letter whose lower case form is used in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), representing the voiced postalveolar fricative consonant. For example, the pronunciation of "si" in ''vision'' and ''precision'' , or the " s" in ''treasure'' . See also the letter Ž as used in many Slavic languages, the Persian alphabet letter ژ, the Cyrillic letter Ж, and the Esperanto letter Ĵ. Ezh is also used as a letter in some orthographies of Laz and Skolt Sami, both by itself, and with a caron ( Ǯ ǯ). In Laz, these represent voiceless alveolar affricate and its ejective counterpart , respectively. In Skolt Sami they respectively denote partially voiced alveolar and post-alveolar affricates, broadly represented and . It also appears in the orthography of some African languages, for example in the Aja language of Benin and the Dagbani language of Ghana, where the uppercase variant looks like a reflected si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ezh (letter)
Ezh (Ʒ ʒ) , also called the "tailed z", is a letter whose lower case form is used in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), representing the voiced postalveolar fricative consonant. For example, the pronunciation of "si" in ''vision'' and ''precision'' , or the " s" in ''treasure'' . See also the letter Ž as used in many Slavic languages, the Persian alphabet letter ژ, the Cyrillic letter Ж, and the Esperanto letter Ĵ. Ezh is also used as a letter in some orthographies of Laz and Skolt Sami, both by itself, and with a caron ( Ǯ ǯ). In Laz, these represent voiceless alveolar affricate and its ejective counterpart , respectively. In Skolt Sami they respectively denote partially voiced alveolar and post-alveolar affricates, broadly represented and . It also appears in the orthography of some African languages, for example in the Aja language of Benin and the Dagbani language of Ghana, where the uppercase variant looks like a reflected sig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
T With Stroke
Ŧ (lowercase: ŧ, Latin alphabet), known as T with a bar or T with stroke, is the 25th letter in the Northern Sámi alphabet, where it represents the voiceless dental fricative . In the SENĆOŦEN alphabet, it represents ̪ It is also used in the Hualapai alphabet. The Unicode codepoints for this letter are and . Other letters with a stroke include ǥ, ħ, đ, ł, and ø. Computing code See also * Bar (diacritic) A bar or stroke is a modification consisting of a line drawn through a grapheme. It may be used as a diacritic to derive new letters from old ones, or simply as an addition to make a grapheme more distinct from others. It can take the form of a v ... References T 09 {{latin-script-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
