|
Sybil (wife Of Pain FitzJohn)
Sybil was an Anglo-Norman noblewoman in 12th-century England. Her parentage is unclear, but her first marriage to Pain fitzJohn is well attested. Through her marriage, Sybil transferred lands in several shires to her husband, including lands around Ludlow Castle and the castle itself. After Pain's death in 1137, Sybil attempted to retain control of Ludlow and her lands but in 1139 King Stephen of England married her to Josce de Dinan, who died in 1166. Sybil had two daughters with Pain, and is probably the mother of Josce's two daughters also. Sybil's marriage to Josce, and his control of Ludlow in right of his wife forms the background to a medieval Welsh romance, ''Fouke le Fitz Waryn''. Parentage Historians disagree about Sybil's parentage. One theory, given in the entry for her first husband in the ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' states that Sybil was the niece of Hugh de Lacy.MasonPain fitz John (d. 1137) ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' Another theory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pain FitzJohn
Pain fitzJohn (before 110010 July 1137) was an Anglo-Normans, Anglo-Norman nobleman and administrator, one of King Henry I of England's "list of Henry's new men, new men", who owed their positions and wealth to the king. Pain's family originated in Duchy of Normandy, Normandy, but there is little to suggest that he had many ties there, and he appears to have spent most of his career in England and the Welsh Marches. A son of a minor nobleman, he rose through ability to become an important royal official during Henry's reign. In 1115, he was rewarded with marriage to an heiress, thereby gaining control of the town of Ludlow and Ludlow Castle, its castle, which he augmented with further acquisitions. Although later medieval traditions described Pain as a Chamberlain (office), chamberlain to King Henry, that position is not securely confirmed in contemporary records. He did hold other offices, however, including that of sheriff in two counties near the border between England and Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry I Of England
Henry I (c. 1068 – 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 to his death in 1135. He was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts. On William's death in 1087, Henry's elder brothers Robert Curthose and William Rufus inherited Normandy and England, respectively, but Henry was left landless. He purchased the County of Cotentin in western Normandy from Robert, but his brothers deposed him in 1091. He gradually rebuilt his power base in the Cotentin and allied himself with William Rufus against Robert. Present at the place where his brother William died in a hunting accident in 1100, Henry seized the English throne, promising at his coronation to correct many of William's less popular policies. He married Matilda of Scotland and they had two surviving children, Empress Matilda and William Adelin; he also had many illegitimate children by his many mistresses. Robert, who invaded from Normandy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anglo-Norman Women
Anglo-Norman may refer to: *Anglo-Normans, the medieval ruling class in England following the Norman conquest of 1066 *Anglo-Norman language **Anglo-Norman literature *Anglo-Norman England, or Norman England, the period in English history from 1066 till 1154 *Anglo-Norman horse, a breed from Normandy, France *Anglo-Norman Isles, or Channel Islands, an archipelago in the English Channel * CSS ''Anglo-Norman'', a gunboat of the Confederate Navy See also *Cambro-Normans *Normans in Ireland *Scoto-Norman The term Scoto-Norman (also Franco-Scottish or Franco-Gaelic) is used to describe people, families, institutions and archaeological artifacts that are partly Scottish (in some sense) and partly Anglo-Norman (in some sense). It is used to refer to ... {{disamb Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anglo-Normans
The Anglo-Normans ( nrf, Anglo-Normaunds, ang, Engel-Norðmandisca) were the medieval ruling class in England, composed mainly of a combination of ethnic Normans, French, Anglo-Saxons, Flemings and Bretons, following the Norman conquest. A small number of Normans had earlier befriended future Anglo-Saxon king of England, Edward the Confessor, during his exile in his mother's homeland of Normandy in northern France. When he returned to England some of them went with him, and so there were Normans already settled in England prior to the conquest. Edward's successor, Harold Godwinson, was defeated by Duke William the Conqueror of Normandy at the Battle of Hastings, leading to William's accession to the English throne. The victorious Normans formed a ruling class in Britain, distinct from (although inter-marrying with) the native populations. Over time their language evolved from the continental Old Norman to the distinct Anglo-Norman language. Anglo-Normans quickly establishe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
12th-century English People
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by 2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following 0. The fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally accepted until the mid-20th century. Additionally, 1 is the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Speculum (journal)
''Speculum: A Journal of Medieval Studies'' is a quarterly academic journal published by University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Medieval Academy of America. Established in 1926 by Edward Kennard Rand, it is widely regarded as the most prestigious journal in medieval studies. The journal's primary focus is on the time period from 500 to 1500 in Western Europe, but also on related subjects such as Byzantine, Hebrew, Arabic, Armenian and Slavic studies. , the editor is Katherine L. Jansen. The organization and its journal were first proposed in 1921 at a meeting of the Modern Language Association, and the journal's focus was interdisciplinary from its beginning, with one reviewer noting a specific interest in Medieval Latin Medieval Latin was the form of Literary Latin used in Roman Catholic Western Europe during the Middle Ages. In this region it served as the primary written language, though local languages were also written to varying degrees. Latin functioned .... R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fulk FitzWarin (d 1197)
Fulk FitzWarin (1160x1180 – c. 1258), variant spellings ( Latinized ''Fulco filius Garini'', Welsh ''Syr ffwg ap Gwarin''), the third (Fulk III), was a prominent representative of a marcher family associated especially with estates in Shropshire (on the English border with Wales) and at Alveston in Gloucestershire. In young life (c. 1200–1203), early in the reign of King John (1199–1216), he won notoriety as the outlawed leader of a roving force striving to recover his familial right to Whittington Castle in Shropshire, which John had granted away to a Welsh claimant. Progressively rehabilitated, and enjoying his lordship, he endured further setbacks in 1215–1217. Thereafter, his connections with the court of Llywelyn ap Iorwerth and his usefulness to the English king placed him in the midst of a larger conflict in which he lost Whittington to Llywelyn for a year in 1223–1224, though that prince was said to have married his daughter. During the 1220s Fulk founded Albe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haldenald De Bidun
Halenald de Bidun or Halneth de BidunSanders ''English Baronies'' p. 128 was a Breton who held land in England during the reigns of King Henry I and Stephen. Halenald was from either Bidon or La Ville-Bidon, two locations in the Dol region of Brittany. By the late 1120s he was overlord of a group of manors around Lavendon in Buckinghamshire. The lands were held in 1086 by William, who was the chamberlain of Geoffrey de Montbray, the Bishop of Coutances, when they were recorded in the Domesday Book as William's.Keats-Rohan ''Domesday Descendants'' p. 325 The historian I. J. Sanders considered the honour of Lavendon as probably an English feudal barony, which if true would make Halenald the Baron of Lavendon. Halenald gave gifts to Thornton Abbey in Lincolnshire and later became a monk at St Andrews Priory in Northampton. Halenald married twice – first to Sara, who was the mother of his son John, who was his heir. His second wife was Agnes, but while the ''Complete Peerage'' st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warin De Munchensy
Warin de Munchensy was an Anglo-Norman nobleman in 12th-century England. Warin was the younger son of Hubert de Munchensy, lord of Edwardstone in Suffolk.Cokayne ''The Complete Peerage'' IX pp. 418–421 It is not clear who his mother was as his father married twice—first to a woman who was possibly an heiress to Godric, the dapifer of Henry I of England and second to Muriel, daughter of Piers de Valoignes.Cokayne ''The Complete Peerage'' IX pp. 411–415 Around 1151 Warin witnessed the foundation charter of Old Buckenham Priory with his brother Hubert. Warin married Agnes, daughter of Pain fitzJohn and his wife Sybil. Through his wife, Warin inherited lands previously held by the de Lacy and Talbot families, and these lands were considered by George Cokayne as the barony of Munchensy. I. J. Sanders, in his work on English feudal baronies argues that it was a probable barony, and names it as the barony of Swanscombe, centered on Swanscombe in Kent.Sanders ''English Baronies'' p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roger Fitzmiles, 2nd Earl Of Hereford
Roger Fitzmiles, 2nd Earl of Hereford, (before 1125 – 1155) was an English noble who played an active and influential part in the wars between Empress Matilda and King Stephen (a civil war known as the Anarchy). Biography Roger was the son of Miles de Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford and Sibyl, daughter of Bernard de Neufmarché. the heiress of Brecon. In 1136, Roger married Cecilia, daughter of Pain fitzJohn, In December of the next year King Stephen confirmed Cecilia's inheritance of all her father's lands. During the Anarchy Roger acted as an auxiliary to his father's activities, and his consent and support was written into a treaty (1143) between his father and Robert, Earl of Gloucester. Roger succeeded his father after Miles died in a hunting accident on 24 December 1143 while under excommunication by the church in an edict issued by the Bishop of Hereford. Roger, who bore hatred to the church for his father's excommunication, and compelled the prior of Llanthony, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romance (heroic Literature)
As a literary genre, the chivalric romance is a type of prose and verse narrative that was popular in the noble courts of High Medieval and Early Modern Europe. They were fantastic stories about marvel-filled adventures, often of a chivalric knight-errant portrayed as having heroic qualities, who goes on a quest. It developed further from the epics as time went on; in particular, "the emphasis on love and courtly manners distinguishes it from the ''chanson de geste'' and other kinds of epic, in which masculine military heroism predominates." Popular literature also drew on themes of romance, but with ironic, satiric, or burlesque intent. Romances reworked legends, fairy tales, and history to suit the readers' and hearers' tastes, but by c. 1600 they were out of fashion, and Miguel de Cervantes famously burlesqued them in his novel ''Don Quixote''. Still, the modern image of "medieval" is more influenced by the romance than by any other medieval genre, and the word ''medieva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gloucester Abbey
Gloucester Abbey was a Benedictine abbey in the city of Gloucester, England. Since 1541 it has been Gloucester Cathedral. History Early period A Christian place of worship had stood on the abbey site since Anglo-Saxon times. Around 681, with the consent of Æthelred of Mercia, Osric of Hwicce, founded a monastery at Gloucester in honour of St. Peter and St. Paul. A relative, Kyneburg, was consecrated as the first abbess by Bosel, Bishop of Worcester. Monastic life flourished, and the possessions of the house increased, but after 767 it seems probable that the nuns dispersed during the confusion of civil strife in England. Beornwulf of Mercia is said to have rebuilt the church, and to have endowed a body of secular priests with the former possessions of the nuns. Benedictine monastery In 1022 Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester, had the Benedictine rule introduced and the abbey dedicated to St Peter. Knowles, David; Brooke C. N. L.; and London, Vera C. M. ''The Heads of Religious ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
