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Svelte
Svelte is a free and open-source component-based front-end software framework, and language created by Rich Harris and maintained by the Svelte core team members. Svelte is not a monolithic JavaScript library imported by applications: instead, Svelte compiles HTML templates to specialized code that manipulates the DOM directly, which may reduce the size of transferred files and give better client performance. Application code is also processed by the compiler, inserting calls to automatically recompute data and re-render UI elements when the data they depend on is modified. This also avoids the overhead associated with runtime intermediate representations, such as virtual DOM, unlike traditional frameworks (such as React and Vue) which carry out the bulk of their work at runtime, ''i.e.'' in the browser. The compiler itself is written in JavaScript. Its source code is licensed under MIT License and hosted on GitHub. Among comparable frontend libraries, Svelte has one of the ...
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Virtual DOM
A virtual DOM is a lightweight JavaScript representation of the Document Object Model (DOM) used in declarative web frameworks such as React, Vue.js, and Elm. Since generating a virtual DOM is relatively fast, any given framework is free to rerender the virtual DOM as many times as needed relatively cheaply. The framework can then find the differences between the previous virtual DOM and the current one (diffing), and only makes the necessary changes to the actual DOM (reconciliation). While technically slower than using just vanilla JavaScript, the pattern makes it much easier to write websites with a lot of dynamic content, since markup is directly coupled with state. Similar techniques include Ember.js' Glimmer and Angular's incremental DOM. History The JavaScript DOM API has historically been inconsistent across browsers, clunky to use, and difficult to scale for large projects. While libraries like jQuery aimed to improve the overall consistency and ergonomics of inte ...
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React (JavaScript Library)
React (also known as React.js or ReactJS) is a free and open-source front-end JavaScript library that aims to make building user interfaces based on components more "seamless". It is maintained by Meta (formerly Facebook) and a community of individual developers and companies. React can be used to develop single-page, mobile, or server-rendered applications with frameworks like Next.js and Remix. Because React is only concerned with the user interface and rendering components to the DOM, React applications often rely on libraries for routing and other client-side functionality. A key advantage of React is that it only re-renders those parts of the page that have changed, avoiding unnecessary re-rendering of unchanged DOM elements. Notable features Declarative React adheres to the declarative programming paradigm. Developers design views for each state of an application, and React updates and renders components when data changes. This is in contrast with imperative p ...
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Web Framework
A web framework (WF) or web application framework (WAF) is a software framework that is designed to support the development of web applications including web services, web resources, and web APIs. Web frameworks provide a standard way to build and deploy web applications on the World Wide Web. Web frameworks aim to automate the overhead associated with common activities performed in web development. For example, many web frameworks provide libraries for database access, templating frameworks, and session management, and they often promote code reuse. Although they often target development of dynamic web sites, they are also applicable to static websites. History As the design of the World Wide Web was not inherently dynamic, early hypertext consisted of hand-coded HTML text files that were published on web servers. Any modifications to published pages needed to be performed by the pages' author. In 1993, the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) standard was introduced for i ...
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Vercel
Vercel is an American cloud application company. The company created and maintains the Next.js web development framework. Vercel provides developer tools, frameworks, and cloud infrastructure to build and maintain websites. It is the maker of v0 and AI SDK. The company maintains a free open-source library for building AI-generated products. History Vercel was founded by Guillermo Rauch in 2015 as ZEIT. Rauch had previously created the realtime event-driven communication library Socket.IO and Next.js, the open source framework that Vercel optimized for their platform. ZEIT was rebranded to Vercel in April 2020, although it retained the company's triangular logo. In June 2021, Vercel raised $102 million in a Series C funding round. In 2023, Vercel released an AI web development tool called v0 that creates web applications with natural language prompts; it won a 2025 Webby Award for developer tools. In 2023, Vercel released a software development kit called AI SDK designed t ...
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Vite (software)
Vite (, like "veet") is a local development server backed by VoidZero Inc. Vite was written by Evan You, the creator of Vue.js also used by for Vue default template and can be use for React and other frameworks too. It has support for TypeScript and JSX. It uses and esbuild internally for bundling. Vite monitors files as they are being edited and upon file save the web browser reloads the code being edited through a process called Hot Module Replacement (HMR) which works by just reloading the specific file being changed using ES6 modules (ESM) instead of recompiling the entire application. Vite provides built-in support for server-side rendering (SSR). By default, it listens on TCP port 5173. It is possible to configure Vite to serve content over HTTPS and proxy requests (including WebSocket) to a back-end web server, such as Apache HTTP Server or lighttpd. Features and performance Vite has a Hot Module Replacement (HMR) system, which reduces wait times during development. ...
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JSX (JavaScript)
JSX (sometimes referred to as JavaScript XML) is an XML-like extension to the JavaScript language syntax. Initially created by Facebook for use with React, JSX has been adopted by multiple web frameworks. Being a syntactic sugar, JSX is generally transpiled into nested JavaScript function calls structurally similar to the original JSX. Markup An example of JSX code: const App = () => Nested elements Multiple elements on the same level need to be wrapped in a single React element such as the element shown above, a fragment delineated by or in its shorthand form , or returned as an array. Attributes JSX provides a range of element attributes designed to mirror those provided by HTML. Custom attributes can also be passed to the component. All attributes will be received by the component as props. JavaScript expressions JavaScript expressions (but not statements) can be used inside JSX with curly brackets : The example above will render: 11 Conditional expressions ...
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Macro (computer Science)
In computer programming, a macro (short for "macro instruction"; ) is a rule or pattern that specifies how a certain input should be mapped to a replacement output. Applying a macro to an input is known as macro expansion. The input and output may be a sequence of lexical tokens or characters, or a syntax tree. Character macros are supported in software applications to make it easy to invoke common command sequences. Token and tree macros are supported in some programming languages to enable code reuse or to extend the language, sometimes for domain-specific languages. Macros are used to make a sequence of computing instructions available to the programmer as a single program statement, making the programming task less tedious and less error-prone. Thus, they are called "macros" because a "big" block of code can be expanded from a "small" sequence of characters. Macros often allow positional or keyword parameters that dictate what the conditional assembler program gen ...
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To-do
Time management is the process of planning and exercising conscious control of time spent on specific activities—especially to increase effectiveness, efficiency and productivity. Time management involves demands relating to work, social life, family, hobbies, personal interests and commitments. Using time effectively gives people more choices in managing activities. Time management may be aided by a range of skills, tools and techniques, especially when accomplishing specific tasks, projects and goals complying with a due date. Initially, the term time management encompassed only business and work activities, but eventually the term comprised personal activities as well. A time management system is a designed combination of processes, tools, techniques and methods. Time management is usually a necessity in managing projects, as it determines the project completion time and scope. Cultural views Differences in the way a culture views time can affect the way their time is ma ...
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Next
NeXT, Inc. (later NeXT Computer, Inc. and NeXT Software, Inc.) was an American technology company headquartered in Redwood City, California that specialized in computer workstations for higher education and business markets, and later developed web software. It was founded in 1985 by CEO Steve Jobs, the Apple Computer co-founder who had been forcibly removed from Apple that year. NeXT debuted with the NeXT Computer in 1988, and released the NeXTcube and smaller NeXTstation in 1990. The series had relatively limited sales, with only about 50,000 total units shipped. Nevertheless, the object-oriented programming and graphical user interface were highly influential trendsetters of computer innovation. NeXT partnered with Sun Microsystems to create a API, programming environment called OpenStep, which decoupled the NeXTSTEP operating system's application layer to host it on third-party operating systems. In 1993, NeXT withdrew from the hardware industry to concentrate on marketing ...
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Web Platform
The Web platform is a collection of technologies developed as open standards by the World Wide Web Consortium and other standardization bodies such as the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group, the Unicode Consortium, the Internet Engineering Task Force, and Ecma International. It is the umbrella term introduced by the World Wide Web Consortium, and in 2011 it was defined as "a platform for innovation, consolidation and cost efficiencies" by W3C CEO Jeff Jaffe. Being built oThe evergreen Web(where rapid, automatic software updates, vendor co-operation, standardization, and competition take place) has allowed for the addition of new capabilities while addressing security and privacy risks. Additionally, developers are enabled to build interoperable content on a cohesive platform. The Web platform includes technologies—computer languages and APIs—that were originally created in relation to the publication of Web pages. This includes HTML, CSS, SVG, MathML, WAI-ARI ...
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Visual Studio Code
Visual Studio Code, commonly referred to as VS Code, is an integrated development environment developed by Microsoft for Windows, Linux, macOS and web browsers. Features include support for debugging, syntax highlighting, intelligent code completion, snippets, code refactoring, and embedded version control with Git. Users can change the theme, keyboard shortcuts and preferences, as well as install extensions that add functionality. Visual Studio Code is proprietary software released under the "Microsoft Software License", but based on the MIT licensed program named "Visual Studio CodeOpen Source" (also known as "CodeOSS"), also created by Microsoft and available through GitHub. In the 2024 Stack Overflow Developer Survey, out of 58,121 responses, 73.6% of respondents reported using Visual Studio Code, more than twice the percentage of respondents who reported using its nearest alternative, Visual Studio. History Visual Studio Code was first announced on April 29, 2015 ...
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ESLint
ESLint is a static code analysis tool for identifying problematic patterns found in JavaScript code. It was created by Nicholas C. Zakas in 2013. Rules in ESLint are configurable, and customized rules can be defined and loaded. ESLint covers both code quality and coding style issues. ESLint supports current standards of ECMAScript, and experimental syntax from drafts for future standards. Code using JSX or TypeScript can also be processed when a plugin or transpiler is used. History Both JSLint and JSHint were lacking the ability to create additional rules for code quality and coding style. After contributing to JSHint, Zakas decided to create a new linting tool in June 2013, ESLint (originally called JSCheck, but renamed a month later), where all rules are configurable, and additional rules can be defined or loaded at run-time. In April 2016, the ESLint project joined the jQuery Foundation. Later that year, jQuery Foundation merged with Dojo Foundation to become JS ...
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