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Studley, Wiltshire
Studley is a small village in the county of Wiltshire, England, belonging to the civil parish of Calne Without. Geography Studley is about south-east of the large town of Chippenham, and west of the smaller town of Calne. The centre of the village is about 500m north of the A4 national route which connects the two towns. The Cocklemore Brook rises near the village. Nearby villages include Derry Hill (close by on the other side of the A4), Bremhill, Pewsham, Stanley and Tytherton Lucas. History An ancient road between Salisbury and Bristol passed nearby. There were Roman and Romano-British settlements in this area; Roman bricks, and evidence of iron working, can be found in a field on the highest point of the hill. At Buck Hill, south-east of the village, the remains of a Roman villa were found in 1753. Because of the forested nature of the area, settlements have always been scattered. Studley itself is mentioned in 1175 and 1196, and it was closely associated with Stanl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calne Without
Calne Without is a civil parish in Wiltshire, England. It is a rural parish surrounding the town of Calne, extending west to the Avon and south to the Roman road from London to Bath. Settlements in the parish are the village of Derry Hill; the small villages of Calstone Wellington, Sandy Lane, Stockley and Studley; the dispersed settlement of Stock; the hamlets of Blackland, Broad's Green, Buck Hill, Mile Elm, Pewsham and Theobald's Green; and part of the hamlet of Ratford. The parish also encompasses the former tithing of Calstone, and the country house estates of Bowood and Whetham. The parish was created in 1890 when the large Calne parish was divided. The municipal area became Calne Within parish and the remainder formed Calne Without, together with the land of the abolished Blackland and Calstone Wellington parishes and the liberty of Bowood, and a small area of Bremhill parish. In 1934, Calne Without was reduced in size by transferring to Calne Within an area with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Hungerford (MP)
Walter Hungerford (9 July 1675 – 1754), of Studley House, near Calne, Wiltshire, was an English Whig politician who sat in the English House of Commons in 1701 and in the British House of Commons from 1734 to 1747. Early life Hungerford was the second, but eldest surviving son of Sir George Hungerford of Cadenham House, Bremhill, Wiltshire and his wife, Frances Seymour, daughter of Charles Seymour, 2nd Baron Seymour MP, of Trowbridge. He was sent away to sea as a young man with a loan of £500 from his father. He later raised a lengthy suit in Chancery against his father, and also alienated his sister Frances after claiming the reversion of her house in Yatesbury, a dowry from Sir George, following her husband's death in 1693; he refused to repay the £1,000 mortgage owed to Sir Robert Holford, who threatened to evict Frances. He married Elizabeth Dodson of St Clement Danes, London on 22 November 1703. He succeeded his father in 1712. Career Hungerford was returned as Member o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Petty-Fitzmaurice, 8th Marquess Of Lansdowne
George John Charles Mercer Nairne Petty-Fitzmaurice, 8th Marquess of Lansdowne, DL (27 November 1912 – 25 August 1999), was a British peer and Conservative politician. Background Petty-Fitzmaurice was the only son of Lord Charles Mercer Nairne, the second son of Henry Petty-FitzMaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne. His father was killed in action in 1914 while on active service in the First World War, and his mother, the former Lady Violet Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, later married secondly John Jacob Astor, 1st Baron Astor of Hever.”Lansdowne, 8th Marquess of, (George John Charles Mercer Nairne Petty-Fitzmaurice) (27 Nov. 1912 – 25 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess Of Lansdowne
Henry Charles Keith Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne, (14 January 18453 June 1927), was a British statesman who served successively as Governor General of Canada, Viceroy of India, Secretary of State for War and Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. In 1917, during the First World War, he wrote the "Lansdowne Letter", advocating in vain a compromise peace. A millionaire, he had the distinction of having held senior positions in Liberal and Conservative Party governments. Early years, 1845–1882 A great-grandson of British Prime Minister Lord Shelburne (later 1st Marquess of Lansdowne) and the eldest son of Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 4th Marquess of Lansdowne, and his wife, Emily, 8th Lady Nairne (''née'' de Flahaut), Henry Charles Keith Petty-Fitzmaurice was born in London in 1845. He held the courtesy title ''Viscount Clanmaurice'' from birth to 1863 and then the courtesy title ''Earl of Kerry'' until he succeeded to the marquessate in 1866. Upon his mother's d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chippenham And Calne Line
The Chippenham and Calne line was a five mile long single-track branch railway line that ran along the valley of the River Marden in Wiltshire, England, from on the Great Western Main Line to , via two intermediate halts. Built by the Calne Railway Company and opened in 1863, the line was sold in 1892 to the Great Western Railway company. History Origins The Great Western Railway (GWR) opened its main line from London to Bristol in 1841, with a station at Chippenham. Calne was an important market and industrial town not far away, and at the time it had 16 mills within three miles, and moreover housed the largest bacon factory in England. Seeing themselves at a disadvantage by not being on the railway, a meeting of interested parties was held on 3 November 1859, and this led to a public meeting on 8 November 1859, proposing a railway connecting the town with Chippenham and the main line. This was supported with great enthusiasm; only James C Hale, proprietor of the Calne b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Dog Halt Railway Station
Black Dog Halt is a former railway station on the Chippenham and Calne line in Wiltshire, England. Originally created in 1863 as a private stop for Lord Lansdowne of Bowood House, it became a public request stop after the formation of British Rail. The halt was closed and demolished in 1965, and today it is part of National Cycle Route 403. History Black Dog Halt was opened on 3 November 1863 by the Calne Railway company. Lord Lansdowne of Bowood House used the halt as a private station; use by the public was allowed, though it was not common knowledge. Lord Lansdowne had a special compartment in one of the Calne line's autocoaches. Later he was persuaded to allow the halt to be named on the timetable. The Calne Railway company was sold to the Great Western Railway in 1892. After the formation of British Rail the halt was turned into a request stop. In 1965 the halt was closed and soon the buildings were demolished. The tracks were lifted in 1967. Today the site of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilts & Berks Canal
The Wilts & Berks Canal is a canal in the Historic counties of England, historic counties of Wiltshire and Berkshire, England, linking the Kennet and Avon Canal at Semington near Melksham, to the River Thames at Abingdon, Oxfordshire, Abingdon. The North Wilts Canal merged with it to become a branch to the Thames and Severn Canal at Latton, Wiltshire, Latton near Cricklade. Among professional trades boatmen, the canal was nicknamed the Ippey Cut, possibly short for Chippenham. The canal was opened in 1810, but abandoned in 1914 – a fate hastened by a breach at Stanley navigable aqueduct, aqueduct in 1901. Much of the canal subsequently became unnavigable: many of the structures were deliberately damaged by army demolition exercises; parts of the route were filled in and in some cases built over. In 1977 the Wilts & Berks Canal Trust, Wilts & Berks Canal Amenity Group was formed with a view to full restoration of the canal. Several Lock (water navigation), locks and bridges ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
River Marden
The River Marden is a small tributary of the River Avon in England. It flows from the hills surrounding Calne and meets the Avon about a mile upstream of Chippenham. The river has a mean flow of . Course The Marden rises just north of the valley of Ranscombe Bottom near Calstone Wellington in Wiltshire. It then flows in a north-west direction through the Blackland area, where it forms a small ornamental lake at Blackland House, and on to Quemerford, where it is joined on the right bank by the Rivers Brook. In Calne, the Abberd Brook joins on the right. The river turns in a westerly direction and is joined by the overspill from Bowood Lake, part of the Bowood House estate, on the left at Studleybrook Farm. The river is then joined by the combined Fisher's and Cowage brooks before turning to the north-west, past the village of Stanley. later it joins the Bristol Avon to the north-east of Chippenham. History The Domesday survey of England in 1086 records four watermills on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fulling
Fulling, also known as felting, tucking or walking ( Scots: ''waukin'', hence often spelled waulking in Scottish English), is a step in woollen clothmaking which involves the cleansing of woven or knitted cloth (particularly wool) to eliminate (lanoline) oils, dirt, and other impurities, and to make it shrink by friction and pressure. The work delivers a smooth, tightly finished fabric that is isolating and water repellent. Well known example are duffel cloth, first produced in Flanders in the 14th century and loden, produced in Austria from the 16th century on. The practice to do this by hand or feet died out with the introduction of machines during the industrial revolution. Process Fulling involves two processes: scouring and milling (thickening). Originally, fulling was carried out by the pounding of the woollen cloth with a club, or the fuller's feet or hands. In Scottish Gaelic tradition, this process was accompanied by waulking songs, which women sang to set the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victoria County History
The Victoria History of the Counties of England, commonly known as the Victoria County History or the VCH, is an English history project which began in 1899 with the aim of creating an encyclopaedic history of each of the historic counties of England, and was dedicated to Victoria of the United Kingdom, Queen Victoria. In 2012 the project was rededicated to Elizabeth II, Queen Elizabeth II in celebration of her Diamond Jubilee year. Since 1933 the project has been coordinated by the Institute of Historical Research in the University of London. History The history of the VCH falls into three main phases, defined by different funding regimes: an early phase, 1899–1914, when the project was conceived as a commercial enterprise, and progress was rapid; a second more desultory phase, 1914–1947, when relatively little progress was made; and the third phase beginning in 1947, when, under the auspices of the Institute of Historical Research, a high academic standard was set, and pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raymond O'Neill, 4th Baron O'Neill
Colonel Raymond Arthur Clanaboy O'Neill, 4th Baron O'Neill, (born 1 September 1933) is a Northern Irish peer, retired reservist officer and public administrator. He served as Lord Lieutenant of Antrim between 1994 and 2008. Early and personal life O'Neill was born on 1 September 1933, the son of Shane O'Neill, 3rd Baron O'Neill (died 1944). Raymond inherited the title when his father was killed in action in Italy during the Second World War. His mother, Ann (a noted society hostess and the grand-daughter of the 11th Earl of Wemyss), remarried, firstly in 1945 to the press magnate Esmond Harmsworth, 2nd Viscount Rothermere, and secondly (after Rothermere divorced her in 1951) to the writer Ian Fleming (died 1964) in 1952, as well as having affairs with the Labour politicians Hugh Gaitskell and Roy Jenkins. O'Neill attended Eton and the Royal Agricultural College. In 1963, O'Neill married Georgina Mary Scott, eldest daughter of Lord George Scott (youngest son of John Montagu Dou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
