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Strophanthus Petersianus
''Strophanthus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1802. It is native primarily to tropical Africa, extending to South Africa, with a few species in Asia from southern India to New Guinea and southern China. The genus name is a compound of the Greek words στροφος (''strophos'') "twisted" and ανθοσ (''anthos'') "flower", in reference to the corolla lobes which, in some species - notably ''S. petersianus'' (see below) - resemble long twisted ribbons or threads and can reach a length of 30–35 cm. This trait, in addition to colouring involving combinations of bright pinks, purples and oranges, combine to make the flowers among the most ornamental in the plant kingdom. The genus includes vines, shrubs, and small trees. The leaves are opposite or whorled, simple broad lanceolate, 2–20 cm long, with an entire margin. Several African tribes used ''Strophanthus'' as the principal ingredient in arrow poison. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strophanthus Speciosus
''Strophanthus speciosus'', commonly known as the forest poison rope, is a tree, shrub or woody climber which is native to southern Africa. Description ''Strophanthus speciosus'' grows as a tree or shrub up to tall, and as a liana up to long, with a stem diameter up to . Its flowers feature a white turning orange Corolla (flower), corolla, red-streaked on the inside. Distribution and habitat ''Strophanthus speciosus'' is native to Zimbabwe, South Africa and Eswatini. It occurs in forests and their margins from altitude. Uses Local medicinal uses of ''S. speciosus'' include snakebite treatment. The plant has also been used as arrow poison. As with other species of ''Strophanthus'' it contains the cardiac glycoside strophanthin - plants of allied genera contain similar compounds. Gallery Gardenology.org-IMG 2252 rbgs11jan.jpg, Habit Strophanthus speciosus, blare, Manie van der Schijff BT, a.jpg, foliage Strophanthus speciosus, vrugkapsule en sade, Manie van der Schijff BT, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ouabain
Ouabain or (from Somali ''waabaayo'', "arrow poison" through French ''ouabaïo'') also known as g-strophanthin, is a plant derived toxic substance that was traditionally used as an arrow poison in eastern Africa for both hunting and warfare. Ouabain is a cardiac glycoside and in lower doses, can be used medically to treat hypotension and some arrhythmias. It acts by inhibiting the Na/K-ATPase, also known as the sodium-potassium ion pump. However, adaptations to the alpha-subunit of the Na+/K+-ATPase via amino acid substitutions, have been observed in certain species, namely some herbivore- insect species, that have resulted in toxin resistance. It is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities. Sources Ouabain can be found in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strophanthus Sarmentosus
''Strophanthus sarmentosus'' grows as either a deciduous shrub or as a liana up to long, with a stem diameter up to . Its fragrant flowers feature a white to purple corolla, red or purple-streaked on the inside. ''Strophanthus sarmentosus'' is native from west and central tropical Africa to Uganda and Angola. Vernacular names for the plant include spider tresses and poison arrow vine. Its habitat is forested areas from sea level to altitude. The numerous local medicinal uses of ''S. sarmentosus'' include treatment of joint pain, head lice, eye conditions and venereal disease. The plant has also been used as arrow poison. Botanist John Baldwin discovered that ''Strophanthus sarmentosus'' was a natural source of the steroid hormone cortisone Cortisone is a pregnene (21-carbon) steroid hormone. It is a naturally-occurring corticosteroid metabolite that is also used as a pharmaceutical prodrug; it is not synthesized in the adrenal glands. Cortisol is converted by the action of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strophanthus Preussii
''Strophanthus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1802. It is native primarily to tropical Africa, extending to South Africa, with a few species in Asia from southern India to New Guinea and southern China. The genus name is a compound of the Greek words στροφος (''strophos'') "twisted" and ανθοσ (''anthos'') "flower", in reference to the corolla lobes which, in some species - notably ''S. petersianus'' (see below) - resemble long twisted ribbons or threads and can reach a length of 30–35 cm. This trait, in addition to colouring involving combinations of bright pinks, purples and oranges, combine to make the flowers among the most ornamental in the plant kingdom. The genus includes vines, shrubs, and small trees. The leaves are opposite or whorled, simple broad lanceolate, 2–20 cm long, with an entire margin. Several African tribes used ''Strophanthus'' as the principal ingredient in arrow poison ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strophanthus Petersianus
''Strophanthus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1802. It is native primarily to tropical Africa, extending to South Africa, with a few species in Asia from southern India to New Guinea and southern China. The genus name is a compound of the Greek words στροφος (''strophos'') "twisted" and ανθοσ (''anthos'') "flower", in reference to the corolla lobes which, in some species - notably ''S. petersianus'' (see below) - resemble long twisted ribbons or threads and can reach a length of 30–35 cm. This trait, in addition to colouring involving combinations of bright pinks, purples and oranges, combine to make the flowers among the most ornamental in the plant kingdom. The genus includes vines, shrubs, and small trees. The leaves are opposite or whorled, simple broad lanceolate, 2–20 cm long, with an entire margin. Several African tribes used ''Strophanthus'' as the principal ingredient in arrow poison. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strophanthus Kombe
''Strophanthus kombe'', the kombe arrow poison, is a vine that grows in the tropical regions of Eastern Africa, and is part of the genus ''Strophanthus'', which contains approximately 38 species. ''S. kombe'' contains a cardiac glycoside which directly affects the heart. Historically, both the seeds and roots of the plant were used in the preparation of poison arrowheads used for hunting. Today, the seeds are used pharmaceutically for patients with certain heart conditions that affect blood circulation. The seeds are traded primarily with Europe, but have also been exported to the United States and Japan. Distribution ''Strophanthus kombe'' is found growing naturally in the tropical regions of southeast Africa. As it is not a commercially cultivated species, it principally occurs as wild plant. It is not typically seen growing outside of its native region, although specimens are sometimes collected from the wild to be grown in foreign botanical gardens. Habitat and ecology ''Str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strophanthus Hispidus
''Strophanthus hispidus'', the hispid strophanthus, (family: Apocynaceae) is a liana or shrub that can grow up to tall. Its flowers feature a yellow corolla and yellow corona lobes spotted with red, purple or brown. The seeds, like those of several other ''Strophanthus'' species, contain potent cardiac glycosides (notably strophanthin) absorbable through wounds - hence its use in African arrow poisons and later in modern medicine as a digitalis-like heart stimulant. ''Strophanthus hispidus'' is native from west tropical Africa east to Tanzania and south to Angola. It is naturalized in China. History of discovery The plant was observed for the first time in Senegambia by a certain monsieur Houdelot, then in Sierra Leone between 1771 and 1775 by Henry Smeathman, likewise in Nigeria (in use among the Nupe) by William Balfour Baikie, in Gabon by Marie-Théophile Griffon du Bellay and in West Tropical Africa by Gustav Mann Gustav Mann (1836–1916) was a German botanist who led exp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strophanthus Gratus
''Strophanthus gratus'' is a plant in the dogbane family Apocynaceae. Description ''Strophanthus gratus'' is a woody liana that can grow up to , with a trunk diameter of up to . Its fragrant flowers feature a white corolla, topped by red or purple colour, with pink corona lobes. Distribution and habitat ''Strophanthus gratus'' is native to tropical Africa: from Senegal in the west, east and south to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is naturalized in Taiwan and also Trinidad and Tobago. Uses ''Strophanthus gratus'' has been used in local traditional medicine: ouabain derived from the plant's seeds is used as a treatment for heart failure. It has also been used as arrow poison. References gratus Gratus was a Roman soldier and member of the Praetorian Guard, who played a part in the accession of Claudius to the imperial throne. In the immediate aftermath of the assassination of Caligula in AD 41, Claudius fled and hid himself in the pala ... Medicinal plants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strophanthus Divaricatus
''Strophanthus divaricatus'' is a liana or sarmentose shrub that can grow up to tall, with a trunk diameter of up to . ''Divaricatus'' is from the Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ... meaning "spreading at a wide angle". The plant has been used medicinally: as a heart stimulant and in the treatment of snakebites. It is native to southern China and northern Vietnam. References divaricatus Plants used in traditional African medicine Flora of China Flora of Vietnam Plants described in 1790 {{Apocynaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strophanthus Caudatus
''Strophanthus caudatus'' is a woody liana that can grow up to in length, with a trunk diameter of up to . It grows natively from Guangxi in southern China, through Indochina (including the Andaman and Nicobar Islands) to Malesia and New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu Hiri Motu, also known as Police Motu, Pidgin Motu, or just Hiri, is a language of Papua New Guinea, which is spoken in surrounding areas of Port Moresby (Capital of Papua New Guinea). It is a simplified version of .... References caudatus Flora of Guangxi Flora of Indo-China Flora of Malesia Flora of New Guinea Plants described in 1767 {{Apocynaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strophanthus Boivinii
''Strophanthus boivinii'', the wood shaving flower, is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae. The Latin specific epithet of ''boivinii'' refers to French explorer and plant collector Louis Hyacinthe Boivin (1808-1852). Description ''Strophanthus boivinii'' grows as a deciduous shrub or small tree sometimes up to tall, with a bole diameter up to . Its flowers feature a yellow-orange turning reddish-brown corolla tube. Distribution and habitat ''Strophanthus boivinii'' is endemic to Madagascar. Its habitat is deciduous forests and thickets, from sea-level to altitude. Uses ''Strophanthus boivinii'' is locally used in traditional medicinal treatments for gonorrhoea, colic Colic or cholic () is a form of pain that starts and stops abruptly. It occurs due to muscular contractions of a hollow tube (small and large intestine, gall bladder, ureter, etc.) in an attempt to relieve an obstruction by forcing content out. ..., wounds and itches. References boivini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strophanthus Amboensis
''Strophanthus amboensis'' is a plant in the dogbane family Apocynaceae. Description ''Strophanthus amboensis'' grows as a deciduous shrub up to tall, or as a liana up to long, with a stem diameter up to . Its flowers feature an orange-yellow turning purple corolla tube, white-streaked on the inside. Distribution and habitat ''Strophanthus amboensis'' is native to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola and Namibia. Its habitats are forest margins, scrubland or rock fissures, from altitude. Uses ''Strophanthus amboensis'' is used in local traditional medicine treatments for rheumatism, venereal diseases and scabies. The plant has been used as arrow poison Arrow poisons are used to poison arrow heads or darts for the purposes of hunting and warfare. They have been used by indigenous peoples worldwide and are still in use in areas of South America, Africa and Asia. Notable examples are the poisons se .... References amboensis Plants used in traditional Afric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
