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Stokoe Notation
Stokoe notation () is the first phonemic script used for sign languages. It was created by William Stokoe for American Sign Language (ASL), with Latin letters and numerals used for the shapes they have in fingerspelling, and iconic glyphs to transcribe the position, movement, and orientation of the hands. It was first published as the organizing principle of ''Sign Language Structure: An Outline of the Visual Communication Systems of the American Deaf'' (1960), and later also used in ''A Dictionary of American Sign Language on Linguistic Principles,'' by Stokoe ''et al.'' (1965). In the 1965 dictionary, signs are themselves arranged alphabetically, according to their Stokoe transcription, rather than being ordered by their English glosses as in other sign-language dictionaries. This made it the only ASL dictionary where the reader could look up a sign without first knowing how to translate it into English. The Stokoe notation was later adapted to British Sign Language (BSL) in Kyle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ASL-phabet
ASL-phabet, or the ASL Alphabet, is a writing system developed by Samuel Supalla for American Sign Language (ASL). It is based on a system called SignFont, which Supalla modified and streamlined for use in an educational setting with Deaf children. Like SignFont and Stokoe notation, ASL-phabet is a phonemic script, but it has been simplified to the point where there is some ambiguity, that is, one symbol can represent more than one phonemic element (handshape, location or movement). For example, whereas SignFont has 25 letters encoding types of movement, and Stokoe notation has 24, ASL-phabet has just 5. This can result in homographs (more than one sign spelled the same way). All together, ASL-phabet has 22 letters for handshape, 5 for location, and 5 for movement. They are written in that order, left-to-right, with the possibility for several letters of each type, such as two handshape letters for a two-handed sign. Like Stokoe notation (but unlike SignFont), the ASL-phabet d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vowel
A vowel is a syllabic speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant. Vowels vary in quality, in loudness and also in quantity (length). They are usually voiced and are closely involved in prosodic variation such as tone, intonation and stress. The word ''vowel'' comes from the Latin word , meaning "vocal" (i.e. relating to the voice). In English, the word ''vowel'' is commonly used to refer both to vowel sounds and to the written symbols that represent them (a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y). Definition There are two complementary definitions of vowel, one phonetic and the other phonological. *In the phonetic definition, a vowel is a sound, such as the English "ah" or "oh" , produced with an open vocal tract; it is median (the air escapes along the middle of the tongue), oral (at least some of the airflow must escape through the mouth), frictionless and continuant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sign Language Notation
Sign languages (also known as signed languages) are languages that use the visual-manual modality to convey meaning, instead of spoken words. Sign languages are expressed through manual articulation in combination with non-manual markers. Sign languages are full-fledged natural languages with their own grammar and lexicon. Sign languages are not universal and are usually not mutually intelligible, although there are also similarities among different sign languages. Linguists consider both spoken and signed communication to be types of natural language, meaning that both emerged through an abstract, protracted aging process and evolved over time without meticulous planning. Sign language should not be confused with body language, a type of nonverbal communication. Wherever communities of deaf people exist, sign languages have developed as useful means of communication and form the core of local Deaf cultures. Although signing is used primarily by the deaf and hard of hearing, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bencie Woll
Bencie Woll, FBA, FAAAS (born 1950) is an American–British linguist and scholar of sign language. She became the first professor of sign language in the United Kingdom when she was appointed Professor of Sign Language and Deaf Studies at City University, London in 1995. In 2005, she moved to University College London where she became Professor of Sign Language and Deaf Studies and Director of the Deafness, Cognition and Language Research Centre (DCAL). Early life and education Woll was born in 1950 in New York City, United States. She studied at the University of Pennsylvania, where she majored in linguistics and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in 1970. She then moved to the United Kingdom where she studied theoretical linguistics at the University of Essex, graduating with a Master of Arts (MA) degree in 1971. During her time teaching at the University of Bristol, she studied for a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree in sign language linguistics. She was awarded h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Si5s
si5s is a writing system for American Sign Language that resembles a handwritten form of SignWriting. It was devised in 2003 in New York City by Robert Arnold, with an unnamed collaborator. In July 2010 at the Deaf Nation World Expo in Las Vegas, Nevada, it was presented and formally announced to the public. Soon after its release, si5s development split into two branches: the "official" si5s track monitored by Arnold and a new set of partners at ASLized, and the "open source" ASLwrite. In 2015, Arnold had a falling out with his ASLized partners, took down the si5s.org website, and made his Twitter account private. ASLized has since removed any mention of si5s from their website. Arnold completed his Masters thesis, "A Proposal Of the Written System For ASL," at Gallaudet University in 2007, looking at the need for a written form for ASL, and proposing the use of si5s. si5s stresses that the "written system is not to offer readers and scholars how sign language functions but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HamNoSys
The Hamburg Sign Language Notation System, or HamNoSys, is a transcription system for all sign languages, not only for ASL, with a direct correspondence between symbols and gesture aspects, such as hand location, shape and movement. It was developed in 1985 at the University of Hamburg, Germany. it is in its fourth revision. Though it has roots in Stokoe notation, HamNoSys does not identify with any specific national diversified fingerspelling system- and as such is intended for a wider range of applications than Stokoe, which was designed specifically for ASL and only later adapted to other sign languages. Unlike SignWriting and the Stokoe system, it is not intended as a practical writing system. It's more like the International Phonetic Alphabet in that regard. Both systems are meant for use by linguistics, and include detail such as allophones that are not relevant to those actually using the language. The HamNoSys is not encoded in Unicode. Computer processing is made possib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Signs Of A Sexual Nature
Signs may refer to: * ''Signs'' (2002 film), a 2002 film by M. Night Shyamalan * ''Signs'' (TV series) (Polish: ''Znaki'') is a 2018 Polish-language television series * ''Signs'' (journal), a journal of women's studies * Signs (band), an American reggaeton duet *Signs Gospel, a hypothetical source text for the Gospel of John, according to source criticism * ''Signs of the Times'' (magazine), a Seventh-day Adventist magazine published in the U.S. by Pacific Press ** ''Signs of the Times'' (Australian magazine), the Australian edition of that magazine published by Signs Publishing Company *Signs Publishing Company in Victoria, Australia Albums * ''Signs'' (Badmarsh & Shri album) and its title track, 2001 * ''Signs'' (Jonny Lang album), 2017 *''Signs'', by Kathryn Tickell, 1993 * ''Signs'' (Tedeschi Trucks Band album), 2019 Songs * "Signs" (Bloc Party song), 2009 * "Signs" (Cardiacs song), 1999 * "Signs" (Drake song), 2017 * "Signs" (Five Man Electrical Band song), 1970 * "Signs" (S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stokoe Passage Stokoe is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bob Stokoe (1930–2004), English footballer and manager * Dennis Stokoe (1925–2005), English footballer * Elizabeth Stokoe, British academic * Graham Stokoe (born 1975), English former footballer * James Stokoe (born 1985), Canadian comic book artist * Jimmy Stokoe, (1888–1970), English footballer * John Stokoe (), Tyneside author and historian * Matt Stokoe (born 1989), English actor * Matthew Stokoe (born 1963), British writer and screenwriter * T. H. Stokoe (1833–1903), English clergyman and headmaster * William Stokoe (1919–2000), American sign language linguist * William N. Stokoe (1892–1958), British organic chemist See also * Stokoe notation Stokoe notation () is the first phonemic script used for sign languages. It was created by William Stokoe for American Sign Language (ASL), with Latin letters and numerals used for the shapes they have in fingerspelling, and iconic glyphs to trans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goldilocks
"Goldilocks and the Three Bears" (originally titled "The Story of the Three Bears") is a 19th-century English fairy tale of which three versions exist. The original version of the tale tells of an obscene old woman who enters the forest home of three bachelor bears while they are away. She eats some of their porridge, sits down on one of their chairs and breaks it, and sleeps in one of their beds. When the bears return and discover her, she wakes up, jumps out of the window, and is never seen again. The second version replaced the old woman with a young girl named Goldilocks, and the third and by far best-known version replaced the original bear trio with Papa Bear, Mama Bear, and Baby Bear. What was originally a frightening oral tale became a cosy family story with only a hint of menace. The story has elicited various interpretations and has been adapted to film, opera, and other media. "Goldilocks and the Three Bears" is one of the most popular fairy tales in the English la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stokoe SNAKE ...
Stokoe is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bob Stokoe (1930–2004), English footballer and manager * Dennis Stokoe (1925–2005), English footballer * Elizabeth Stokoe, British academic * Graham Stokoe (born 1975), English former footballer * James Stokoe (born 1985), Canadian comic book artist * Jimmy Stokoe, (1888–1970), English footballer * John Stokoe (), Tyneside author and historian * Matt Stokoe (born 1989), English actor * Matthew Stokoe (born 1963), British writer and screenwriter * T. H. Stokoe (1833–1903), English clergyman and headmaster * William Stokoe (1919–2000), American sign language linguist * William N. Stokoe (1892–1958), British organic chemist See also * Stokoe notation Stokoe notation () is the first phonemic script used for sign languages. It was created by William Stokoe for American Sign Language (ASL), with Latin letters and numerals used for the shapes they have in fingerspelling, and iconic glyphs to trans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ASCII
ASCII ( ), abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character encoding standard for electronic communication. ASCII codes represent text in computers, telecommunications equipment, and other devices. Because of technical limitations of computer systems at the time it was invented, ASCII has just 128 code points, of which only 95 are , which severely limited its scope. All modern computer systems instead use Unicode, which has millions of code points, but the first 128 of these are the same as the ASCII set. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) prefers the name US-ASCII for this character encoding. ASCII is one of the List of IEEE milestones, IEEE milestones. Overview ASCII was developed from telegraph code. Its first commercial use was as a seven-bit teleprinter code promoted by Bell data services. Work on the ASCII standard began in May 1961, with the first meeting of the American Standards Association's (ASA) (now the American Nat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unicode
Unicode, formally The Unicode Standard,The formal version reference is is an information technology Technical standard, standard for the consistent character encoding, encoding, representation, and handling of Character (computing), text expressed in most of the world's writing systems. The standard, which is maintained by the Unicode Consortium, defines as of the current version (15.0) 149,186 characters covering 161 modern and historic script (Unicode), scripts, as well as symbols, emoji (including in colors), and non-visual control and formatting codes. Unicode's success at unifying character sets has led to its widespread and predominant use in the internationalization and localization of computer software. The standard has been implemented in many recent technologies, including modern operating systems, XML, and most modern programming languages. The Unicode character repertoire is synchronized with Universal Coded Character Set, ISO/IEC 10646, each being code-for-code id ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
