Stanwell Tops
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Stanwell Tops
Stanwell Tops is an exurban locality between the cities of Sydney and Wollongong on the New South Wales, Australia coastline. It lies northwest of Stanwell Park and southwest of Otford. Demography With a population of fewer than 500 residents Stanwell Tops is almost entirely residential. In 1996 Australian Bureau of Statistics data reported Stanwell Tops as having the fourth-highest proportion of males in the state at 59.4%, however by 2011 Stanwell Tops had lost its outlier status with that percentage figure dropping to 51.8%. The population of Stanwell Tops decreased from 545 to 471 between 1996 and 2011, indicating a loss of 13.6% of its residents. In the 2016 Census, 86.3% of people were born in Australia and 90.7% of people spoke only English at home. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 29.6%, Catholic 21.7% and Anglican 19.9%. Stanwell park had a few close shops to Stanwell Tops. Helensburgh is the main town out of Coalcliff, Otford, Stanwell ...
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Electoral District Of Heathcote
Heathcote is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. It was established in 1971 abolished in 1991 and re-established in 1999. Since 2011 it is represented by Lee Evans of the Liberal Party. Members for Heathcote Election results References External links * {{Members of the Parliament of New South Wales Heathcote Heathcote may refer to: Places in Australia *Heathcote, New South Wales, a suburb of Sydney **Electoral district of Heathcote, a seat in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly **Heathcote National Park ** Parish of Heathcote a parish of Cumberla ... 1971 establishments in Australia Constituencies established in 1971 1991 disestablishments in Australia Constituencies disestablished in 1991 1999 establishments in Australia Constituencies established in 1999 ...
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Farm Stay
A farm stay (or farmstay) is any type of accommodation on a working farm. Some farm stays may be interactive. Some are family-focused and offer children opportunities to feed animals, collect eggs and learn how a farm functions. Others do not allow children. The term "farm stay" can also describe a work exchange agreement, where the guest works a set number of hours per week in exchange for free or affordable accommodation. Farm stays can be described as agritourism (farmer opening their farm to tourists for any reason, including farm stands and u-pick), ecotourism (Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people), and geotourism (tourism that sustains or enhances the geographical character of a place—its environment, culture, aesthetics, heritage, and the well-being of its residents). During the COVID-19 pandemic, farm stays became significantly more popular than previous years, as noted through AirBNB site behavior d ...
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Wollongong City Council
The City of Wollongong is a local government area in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. The area is situated adjacent to the Tasman Sea, the Princes Motorway and the Illawarra railway line. Located south of Sydney central business district, the City of Wollongong covers and occupies a narrow coastal strip bordered by the Royal National Park to the north, Lake Illawarra to the south, the Tasman Sea to the east and the Illawarra escarpment to the west. The Lord Mayor of the City of Wollongong Council is Councillor Gordon Bradbery, an independent politician. Localities The area covers the northern and central suburbs of Wollongong, bounded by Helensburgh in the north, the Illawarra escarpment to the west, and by Macquarie Rivulet (Yallah, Haywards Bay) and the Lake Illawarra entrance (Windang) to the south. Demographics At the , there were people in the City of Wollongong local government area, of these 49.5 per cent were male and 50.5 per cent were femal ...
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Waterfall Rail Accident
The Waterfall rail accident was a train accident that occurred on 31 January 2003 near Waterfall, New South Wales, Australia. The train derailed, killing seven people aboard, including the train driver. The accident is famously remembered by systems engineers due to the poorly designed safety systems. Incident On the day of the disaster, a Tangara interurban train service, set G7, which had come from Sydney Central station at 6:24 am, departed Sydney Waterfall railway station moving south towards Port Kembla station via Wollongong. At approximately 7:15 am, the driver suffered a sudden heart attack and lost control of the train. The train was thus travelling at as it approached a curve in the tracks through a small cutting. The curve is rated for speeds no greater than . The train derailed, overturned and collided with the rocky walls of the cutting in a remote area south of the station. It was reported that the rescuers had to carry heavy lifting equipment for m ...
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NSW Fire Brigades
Fire and Rescue New South Wales (previously known as New South Wales Fire Brigades), an agency of the Government of New South Wales, Australia, is responsible for firefighting, rescue and HazMat services in the major cities, metropolitan areas and towns across New South Wales. Fire and Rescue NSW is the fourth largest urban fire service in the world, with over 6,800 firefighters serving at 335 fire stations throughout the state, supported by 465 administrative and trades staff and 5,700 community fire unit volunteers. FRNSW are also the busiest fire service in Australia, attending over 124,000 incidents a year. The agency operates under the ''Fire and Rescue Act 1989'', with a substantial history dating back well over 100 years to the establishment of the New South Wales Fire Brigades in 1910, and the Metropolitan Fire Brigade prior to that in 1884. The organisation is led by the Commissioner of Fire and Rescue NSW, currently Paul Baxter QSO, who reports to the Hon. Steph Cooke ...
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Black Christmas (bushfires)
In Australia, during winter and spring 2001, low rainfall across combined with a hot, dry December created ideal conditions for bushfires. On the day of Christmas Eve, firefighters from the Grose Vale Rural Fire Service (RFS) brigade attended a blaze in rugged terrain at the end of Cabbage Tree Rd, Grose Vale, New South Wales, Grose Vale, believed to have been caused by power lines in the Grose Valley. On Christmas Day, strong westerly winds fuelled more than 100 bushfires across the state, creating a plume of smoke that extended across Sydney. This plume of smoke would not clear for some days as the bushfires continued to burn, creating some of the worst pollution that Sydney has ever experienced, with a regional pollution index reading of: 200 in North-West Sydney; 120 in Central-East and South-West Sydney. The fires mainly burnt in Lane Cove National Park, the Royal National Park and Blue Mountains National Park. Approximately was burnt. 121 homes were destroyed across the ...
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Integral Energy
Integral energy is the amount of energy required to remove water from soil with an initial water content \theta_i to water content of \theta_f (where \theta_i > \theta_f). It is calculated by integrating the water retention curve, soil water potential \psi(\theta) with respect to \theta: E_i = \int_^ \frac{\theta_i-\theta_f} \psi(\theta)\, d\theta It is proposed by Minasny and McBratney (2003) as alternative to available water capacity. (AWC) The AWC concept assumes equal availability of water between two potentials and does not consider the path along the water retention curve. Integral energy takes into the account the path or energy (characterised by water retention curve) required to dry a soil at particular soil moisture content See also * Available water capacity *Nonlimiting water range The non-limiting water range (NLWR) represents the range of water content in the soil where limitations to plant growth (such as water potential, air-filled porosity, or soil strength) ...
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Tharawal People
The Dharawal people, also spelt Tharawal and other variants, are an Aboriginal Australian people, identified by the Dharawal language. Traditionally, they lived as hunter–fisher–gatherers in family groups or clans with ties of kinship, scattered along the coastal area of what is now the Sydney basin in New South Wales. Etymology ''Dharawal'' means cabbage palm. Country According to ethnologist Norman Tindale, traditional Dharawal lands encompass some from the south of Sydney Harbour, through Georges River, Botany Bay, Port Hacking and south beyond the Shoalhaven River to the Beecroft Peninsula. Their inland extent reaches Campbelltown and Camden. Clans The Gweagal were also known as the "Fire Clan". They are said to be the first people to first make contact with Captain Cook. The artist Sydney Parkinson, one of the Endeavour's crew members, wrote in his journal that the indigenous people threatened them shouting words he transcribed as ''warra warra wai,'' which he ...
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Henry Ferdinand Halloran
Henry Ferdinand Halloran (9 August 1869 – 22 October 1953) was a major property owner and developer in New South Wales in the early part of the twentieth century. Halloran was born in Sydney, his father was a bank clerk and architect named Edward Roland Halloran and mother was Adeline Burgess, ''née'' Reuss. His grandfather was also called Henry Halloran and his great grandfather was Laurence Hynes Halloran, who arrived in Australia as a convict transported to Sydney. Halloran attended Sydney Boys High School and Newington College. He qualified as a surveyor in 1890 and became a conveyancer and valuer. After establishing Henry F. Halloran & Co. in 1897, Halloran became a significant figure in property development and urban planning in New South Wales from the 1880s through to the 1950s. His developments included Seaforth and Warriewood in Sydney in 1906, and—the unsuccessful—Environa near Canberra in 1930. There were other Halloran subdivisions at Stanwell Park, near O ...
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Garawarra State Conservation Area
The Garawarra State Conservation Area is a protected conservation area that is located on the southern suburban fringe of Greater Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The reserve abuts the Royal National Park and is situated south of the Sydney central business district, near . Garawarra was gazetted as a park in 1987, and added, together with the Royal National Park, to the Australian National Heritage List on 15 September 2006. Garawarra features heathland, eucalyptus forest, rainforest and wildflowers in late winter and early spring. Commonly seen wildlife include the Lyrebird and Echidna. The soils are based on Hawkesbury Sandstone and the Narrabeen group of sedimentary rocks. The climate is humid and temperate, with warm summers and mild winters. Rainfall is spread throughout the year, being in excess of . Features Flora Dry heathland on the ridges is dominated by typical Sydney sandstone plants, such as Banksia, Boronia, Leptospermum, ...
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Royal National Park
The Royal National Park is a protected national park that is located in Sutherland Shire in the Australian state of New South Wales, just south of Sydney. The national park is about south of the Sydney central business district near the localities of , and . It is the second oldest national park after Yellowstone in the US, established in 1872 but it was the first to use the national park title. It was founded by Sir John Robertson, Acting Premier of New South Wales, and formally proclaimed on 26 April 1879. Its original name was just National Park, but it was renamed in 1955 after Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia passed by in the train during her 1954 tour. The park was added to the Australian National Heritage List in December 2006. Overview The park is situated in traditional lands of the Dharawal, an Aboriginal Australian people. The park includes today's settlements of Audley, Maianbar and Bundeena. There was once a railway line connected to the Eastern Suburbs & ...
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