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Stanisław Kostka (1475–1555)
Stanisław Kostka (1475–1555) was a Polish noble, adviser to King Sigismund I the Old and King Sigismund II Augustus I. He had ten children with his consort Elżbieta z Eilemberku, including Elzbieta Mortęska, Krystyna Działyńska, Anna Konopacka, Barbara Bystram, Katarzyna Niemojewska, Małgorzata Służewska, Stanislaw Kostka, Andrzej Kostka, Jan Kostka, Krzysztof Kostka He was a courtier, Podskarbi of Ducal Prussia since 1531, castellan of Elbląg since 1544 and Chełmno since 1545, voivode of the Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1546 and of Chełmno Voivodeship The Chełmno Voivodeship () was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland since 1454/1466 until the Partitions of Poland in 1772/1795. Together with the Pomeranian and Malbork Voivodeships and the Prince-B ... since 1551. He participated in the Polish–Teutonic war of 1519–1520. 1475 births 1555 deaths Stanislaw {{Poland-noble-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dąbrowa Coat Of Arms
Dąbrowa is a Polish coat of arms originated from the Duchy of Masovia. Notable bearers Notable bearers of this coat of arms include: *Kostka family ** Katarzyna Kostka ** Jan Kostka ** Stanisław Kostka ** Saint Stanislaus Kostka *Kiszka family ** Barbara Kiszka (?–1513), wife of Jerzy Radziwiłł ** Jan Kiszka (1552–1592), castellan of Wilno and voivode of Brześć ** Stanisław Kiszka (1584-1626), bishop of Samogitia ** Janusz Kiszka (1600–1653), voivode and hetman, last of the family *Ciechanowiecki family ** Andrzej Ciechanowiecki, art historian, philanthropist, art collector, antique dealer, antiquarian, founder of the Ciechanowiecki Foundation See also * Polish heraldry * Heraldic family * List of Polish nobility coats of arms Bibliography * Bartosz Paprocki. Herby rycerstwa polskiego. Kraków, 1584. * Simon Okolski. Orbis Polonus. Kraków, 1642. T.1-3. * Ks. Kacper Niesiecki. Herby i familie rycerskie tak w Koronie jako y w W.X.L. Lwów, 1728. * Tadeusz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanislaw Kostka (~1528-1547)
Stanisław Kostka S.J. (28 October 1550 – 15 August 1568) was a Polish novice of the Society of Jesus. He is venerated in the Catholic Church as Saint Stanislaus Kostka (as distinct from his namesake, the 11th-century Bishop of Kraków Stanislaus the Martyr). He was born at Rostkowo, Przasnysz County, Poland, on 28 October 1550, and died in Rome during the night of 14–15 August 1568. He entered the Society of Jesus in Rome on his 17th birthday (28 October 1567), and is said to have foretold his death a few days before it occurred. Biography Family His father was a senator of the Kingdom of Poland and castellan of Zakroczym; his mother was Małgorzata Kryska from Drobni (Margaret de Drobniy Kryska), the sister and niece of the voivodes of Masovia and the aunt of the celebrated Chancellor of Poland, Feliks Kryski (Felix Kryski)(Szczęsny Kryski). He was the second of seven children. His older brother Paweł (Paul) survived to be present at the beatification ceremony ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1475 Births
Year 1475 ( MCDLXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 10 – Battle of Vaslui (Moldavian–Ottoman Wars): Stephen III of Moldavia defeats the Ottoman Empire, which is led at this time by Mehmed the Conqueror of Constantinople. * July 4 – Burgundian Wars: Edward IV of England lands in Calais, in support of the Duchy of Burgundy against France. * August 29 – The Treaty of Picquigny ends the brief war between France and England. * November 13 – Burgundian Wars – Battle on the Planta: Forces of the Old Swiss Confederacy are victorious against those of the Duchy of Savoy, near Sion, Switzerland. * November 14 – The original Landshut Wedding takes place, between George, Duke of Bavaria, and Hedwig Jagiellon. * December – The Principality of Theodoro falls to the Ottoman Empire, arguably taking with it the final remnant of the successor t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish–Teutonic War (1519–1521)
The Polish–Teutonic War of 1519–1521 (german: Reiterkrieg, lit=Knight's War, pl, Wojna pruska, lit=Prussian War) was fought between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Knights, ending with the Compromise of Thorn in April 1521. Four years later, under the Treaty of Kraków, part of the Catholic Monastic State of the Teutonic Order became secularized as the Duchy of Prussia. The reigning Grand Master Albert of Hohenzollern-Brandenburg-Ansbach became the first Duke of Prussia by paying the Prussian Homage as vassal to his uncle, Polish king Sigismund I the Old. Prelude After the Second Peace of Thorn (1466), the Teutonic Order was under Polish suzerainty. In the late 1490s, the Order developed the idea of electing only an Imperial Prince as future Grand Master, who as subject to the Emperor could resist having to pay homage to Kings of Poland. The Order was present not only in Prussia but throughout the Empire, and it was also subordinate to the Holy Roman Emperor, who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chełmno Voivodeship
The Chełmno Voivodeship () was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland since 1454/1466 until the Partitions of Poland in 1772/1795. Together with the Pomeranian and Malbork Voivodeships and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia it formed the historical province of Royal Prussia. Its capital was at Chełmno (german: link=no, Kulm). History The ''Land of Chełmno'' (later known in German as Kulmerland) had been part of the Polish Duchy of Masovia since 1138. It was occupied by pagan Old Prussian tribes in 1216, who struggled against their Christianization instigated by Bishop Christian of Oliva. After several unsuccessful attempts to reconquer Chełmno, Duke Konrad I of Masovia in 1226 called for support by the Teutonic Knights, who indeed approached and started a Prussian campaign, after the duke promised them the unshared possession of the Chełmno territory as part of the Order's State. In the course of the Order's decline after the 1410 B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomeranian Voivodeship (1466–1772)
The Pomeranian Voivodeship ( pl, Województwo pomorskie) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1454/1466 until the First partition of Poland in 1772. From 1613 the capital was at Skarszewy. The name ''Pomerania'' derives from the Slavic ''po more'', meaning "by the sea" or "on the sea". (Pommersches Landesmuseum, German) History The comprised the westernmost part of |
Voivode
Voivode (, also spelled ''voievod'', ''voevod'', ''voivoda'', ''vojvoda'' or ''wojewoda'') is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the medieval rulers of the Romanian-inhabited states and of governors and military commanders of Hungarian, Balkan or some Slavic-speaking populations. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ''voivode'' was interchangeably used with ''palatine''. In the Tsardom of Russia, a voivode was a military governor. Among the Danube principalities, ''voivode'' was considered a princely title. Etymology The term ''voivode'' comes from two roots. is related to warring, while means 'leading' in Old Slavic, together meaning 'war leader' or 'warlord'. The Latin translation is for the principal commander of a military force, serving as a deputy for the monarch. In early Slavic, ''vojevoda'' meant the , the military leader in battle. The term has als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chełmno
Chełmno (; older en, Culm; formerly ) is a town in northern Poland near the Vistula river with 18,915 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is the seat of the Chełmno County in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. Due to its regional importance in the Middle Ages, the city gave its name to the entire area, Chełmno Land (and later an administrative unit of the Kingdom of Poland, the Chełmno Voivodeship), the local Catholic diocese and Kulm law, which was used to found cities and towns around Poland, including the current capital city of Warsaw. Name The city's name ''Chełmno'' comes from ''chelm'', the old Polish word for hill. After the area was granted to the Teutonic Knights as a Polish fief in 1232, the Germanized name ''Kulm'' was used in official documents regarding the town, as the city was a member of the Hanseatic League and part of the State of the Teutonic Order. Chełmno was annexed by Prussia in the First Partition of Poland in 1772 and, as part of a larger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elbląg
Elbląg (; german: Elbing, Old Prussian: ''Elbings'') is a city in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, located in the eastern edge of the Żuławy region with 117,390 inhabitants, as of December 2021. It is the capital of Elbląg County. Elbląg is one of the oldest cities in the province. Its history dates back to 1237, when the Teutonic Order constructed their fortified stronghold on the banks of a nearby river. The castle subsequently served as the official seat of the Teutonic Order Masters. Elbląg became part of the Hanseatic League, which contributed much to the city's wealth. Through the Hanseatic League, Hansa agreement, the city was linked to other major ports like Gdańsk, Lübeck and Amsterdam. Elbląg joined Poland in 1454 and after the defeat of the Teutonic Knights in the Thirteen Years’ War (1454–1466), Thirteen Years’ War was recognized as part of Poland in the Second Peace of Thorn in 1466. It then flourished and turned into a significant trading po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castellan
A castellan is the title used in Medieval Europe for an appointed official, a governor of a castle and its surrounding territory referred to as the castellany. The title of ''governor'' is retained in the English prison system, as a remnant of the medieval idea of the castellan as head of the local prison. The word stems from the Latin ''Castellanus'', derived from ''castellum'' "castle". Sometimes also known as a ''constable'' of the castle district, the Constable of the Tower of London is, in fact, a form of castellan, with representative powers in the local or national assembly. A castellan was almost always male, but could occasionally be female, as when, in 1194, Beatrice of Bourbourg inherited her father's castellany of Bourbourg upon the death of her brother, Roger. Similarly, Agnes became the castellan of Harlech Castle upon the death of her husband John de Bonvillars in 1287. Initial functions After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, foreign tribes migrated into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Prussia
The Duchy of Prussia (german: Herzogtum Preußen, pl, Księstwo Pruskie, lt, Prūsijos kunigaikštystė) or Ducal Prussia (german: Herzogliches Preußen, link=no; pl, Prusy Książęce, link=no) was a duchy in the Prussia (region), region of Prussia established as a result of secularization of the Monastic Prussia, the territory that remained under the control of the State of the Teutonic Order until the Protestant Reformation in 1525. Overview The duchy became the first Protestant state when Albert, Duke of Prussia formally adopted Lutheranism in 1525. It was inhabited by a German, Polish (mainly in Masuria), and Lithuanian-speaking (mainly in Lithuania Minor) population. In 1525, during the Protestant Reformation, in accordance to the Treaty of Kraków, the Grand Masters of the Teutonic Knights, Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, Albert, secularization, secularized the order's prevailing Prussian territory (the Monastic Prussia), becoming Albert, Duke of Prussia. As the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Podskarbi
Podskarbi in Poland then in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was minister responsible for the treasury. Since 1569 also a senatorial office. The title although meaning treasurer can be deconstructed as "''underingtreasury''" - treasury as an old-fashioned adjective. One other title was formed in the same way: "podkomorzy" - not meaning vice. Following treasury offices where among 14 most important national ministers: * Podskarbi wielki koronny - Grand Treasurer of the Crown (till 15th century called Podskarbi koronny - Treasurer of the Crown) was the highest ranking treasurer. * Podskarbi wielki litewski - Grand Treasurer of Lithuania * Podskarbi nadworny koronny - Court Treasurer of the Crown * Podskarbi nadworny litewski - Court Treasurer of Lithuania Lesser treasurers: * Podskarbi nadworny - Court Treasurer * Podskarbi Prus - Treasurer of Prussia * Podskarbi ziemski - District Treasurer In the rule of King Casimir III the Great, the treasury was managed by Pod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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