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Spanish-Moroccan War (1859)
{{Spanish-Moroccan conflicts There have been several Hispano-Moroccan wars: *Conquest of Melilla (1497) *Conquest of Mehdya (1681) *Siege of Larache (1689) *Siege of Melilla (1774) *Siege of Ceuta (1790-1791) * Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–1860) *First Melillan campaign (1893–1894) *Second Melillan campaign (1909–1910) *Kert campaign (1911–1912) *Rif War (1920–1926) *Ifni War (1957–1958) *Perejil Island crisis The Perejil Island crisis (; ) was a bloodless armed conflict between Spain and Morocco that took place on 11–18 July 2002. The incident took place over the small, uninhabited Perejil Island, when a squad of the Royal Moroccan Navy occupied it ... (2002) Wars involving Morocco Morocco–Spain relations Wars involving Spain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conquest Of Melilla
The Conquest of Melilla occurred on the 17th of September 1497, when a fleet sent by the Duke of Medina Sidonia occupied the north African city of Melilla. After the fall of Granada and the disappearance of the Emirate of Granada the mediterranean coast of the Sultanate of Fez became very unsettled, often raided by barbary pirates or pirates fron Cádiz. Melilla among other cities, fell in decadence in opposition to cities located in the Atlantic facade, which concentrated most of the economic activity. Also, the port, fortress and walls of Melilla had been destroyed by the disputes between the rulers of Fez and Tlemcen. The Catholic monarchs saw Melilla as a way of expanding along the African mediterranean coast to secure Aragonese, Castilian and Genoese sea trade. However, by the end of the Granada War Melilla was in the Portuguese zone of influence under the terms of the 1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas. After the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas the crown of Castile was able to attem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conquest Of Mehdya (1681)
Conquest is the act of military subjugation of an enemy by force of arms. Military history provides many examples of conquest: the Roman conquest of Britain, the Mauryan conquest of Afghanistan and of vast areas of the Indian subcontinent, the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire and various Muslim conquests, to mention just a few. The Norman conquest of England provides an example: it built on cultural ties, led to the subjugation of the Kingdom of England to Norman control and brought William the Conqueror to the English throne in 1066. Conquest may link in some ways with colonialism. England, for example, experienced phases and areas of Anglo-Saxon, Viking and Franco-Norman colonisation and conquest. Methods of conquest The Ottomans used a method of gradual, non-military conquest in which they established suzerainty over their neighbours and then displaced their ruling dynasties. This concept was first systematized by Halil İnalcık. Conquests of this sort did no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Larache (1689)
The siege of Larache, in 1689, was undertaken by an army of Morocco under 'Alawid sultan Ismail bin Sharif against the Spanish forces of Charles II, who had ruled the city for almost 80 years since its cession in 1610. After three months of siege, the defenders were forced to capitulate. Background With the arrival of Ismail bin Sharif to the throne, Morocco lived its hours of glory since it succeeded in centralising power and putting down the rebellions of rebel tribes. The sultan also succeeded in fighting the Ottomans of the Regency of Algiers. While several coastal towns in Morocco were under the control of Europeans from Spain and Portugal, Mawlay Ismail, who had just taken over al-Mahdya in 1681, which had been under the control of the Spanish since 1614, and succeeded in retaking Tangier in 1684 from the English, decided to retake the city of Larache by force. This city had been under the control of the Spaniards since 1610, who established a very fortified garrison. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Melilla (1774)
A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from la, sedere, lit=to sit. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static, defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is common, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy. The art of conducting and resisting sieges is called siege warfare, siegecraft, or poliorcetics. A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a quick assault, and which refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target to block the provision of supplies and the reinforcement or escape of troops (a tactic known as " investment"). This is typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–60)
{{Spanish-Moroccan conflicts There have been several Hispano-Moroccan wars: *Conquest of Melilla (1497) *Conquest of Mehdya (1681) *Siege of Larache (1689) *Siege of Melilla (1774) *Siege of Ceuta (1790-1791) * Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–1860) * First Melillan campaign (1893–1894) * Second Melillan campaign (1909–1910) *Kert campaign (1911–1912) *Rif War (1920–1926) *Ifni War The Ifni War, sometimes called the Forgotten War in Spain (''la Guerra Olvidada''), was a series of armed incursions into Spanish West Africa by Moroccan insurgents that began in October 1957 and culminated with the abortive siege of Sidi I ... (1957–1958) * Perejil Island crisis (2002) Wars involving Morocco Morocco–Spain relations Wars involving Spain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Melillan Campaign
The First Melillan Campaign, also called the Melilla War or the Margallo War (after Juan García y Margallo, the Spanish governor of Melilla whose defeat and death infuriated the Spanish public) in Spain, was a conflict between Spain and 39 of the Rif tribes of northern Morocco, and later the Sultan of Morocco, that began in October 1893, was openly declared November 9, 1893, and was resolved by the Treaty of Fez in 1894. Historical situation Castile captured the citadel of Melilla in 1497. In the 19th century Spain moved into the outlying territories and began investing in their economic development. Treaties with Morocco in 1859, 1860, and 1861 consolidated Spain's growing interests. Although Spain enjoyed the compliance of the Moroccan government, tensions flared between Spanish Army patrols and the local Berber tribes that were hostile to Spain, and over whom the Sultan had practically no control. Rif raiding and piracy was widely reported in the Spanish press and prod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Melillan Campaign
The Second Melillan campaign ( es, Campaña Guerra de Melilla ) was a conflict in 1909 in Morocco around Melilla. The fighting involved local Riffians and the Spanish Army. Historical background The Treaty of Peace with Morocco that followed the 1859–60 War entailed the acquisition of a new city perimeter for Melilla, bringing its area to its current 12 km2. Following the declaration of Melilla as a free port in 1863, the population began to increase, chiefly with Sephardic Jews fleeing from Tetouan who fostered trade in and out the city. The new 1894 agreement with Morocco that followed the 1893 Margallo War between Spaniards and Riffian tribesmen increased trade with the hinterland, bringing the economic prosperity of the city to a new level. However, the turn of the new century saw the attempts by France (based in French Algeria) to profit from its newly acquired sphere of influence in Morocco to counter the trading prowess of Melilla by fostering trade links w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kert Campaign
The Kert campaign ( es, campaña del Kert) was a conflict in northern Morocco between Spain and insurgent Riffian '' harkas'' led by Mohammed Ameziane, who had called for a ''jihad'' against the Spanish occupation in the eastern Rif. It took place between 1911 and 1912. History The campaign saw the introduction of the ''tropas regulares indígenas'' ("native regular troops"), created by Dámaso Berenguer on 30 June 1911. The campaign followed a revolt initiated by Mohammed Ameziane, caïd of Segangan, who had called for a ''jihad'' and had attacked both Spanish and tribes friendly to them. After an attack on a group of Spanish military personnel undertaking topographic works at a position near Ishafen (near the river Kert) the Spanish campaign formally started on 24 August. A Spanish column had been however already shot on 30 June. Following a visit to Melilla, Spanish War Minister Agustín Luque took control of the operations on 7 October, and the struggles brought numerou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rif War
The Rif War () was an armed conflict fought from 1921 to 1926 between Spain (joined by France in 1924) and the Berber tribes of the mountainous Rif region of northern Morocco. Led by Abd el-Krim, the Riffians at first inflicted several defeats on the Spanish forces by using guerrilla tactics and captured European weapons. After France's military intervention against Abd el-Krim's forces and the major landing of Spanish troops at Al Hoceima, considered the first amphibious landing in history to involve the use of tanks and aircraft, Abd el-Krim surrendered and was taken into exile. In July 1909, Spanish workers constructing a rail-bridge providing access to iron mines near Melilla were attacked by Rifian tribesmen. This incident led to the summoning of reinforcements from Spain itself. A series of skirmishes over the following weeks cost the Spanish over a thousand casualties. By September, the Spanish Army had 40,000 troops in northern Morocco and had occupied the tribal r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ifni War
The Ifni War, sometimes called the Forgotten War in Spain (''la Guerra Olvidada''), was a series of armed incursions into Spanish West Africa by Moroccan insurgents that began in October 1957 and culminated with the abortive siege of Sidi Ifni. The war, which may be seen as part of the general movement of decolonization that swept Africa throughout the latter half of the 20th century, was conducted primarily by elements of the Moroccan Army of Liberation which, no longer tied down in conflicts with the French, committed a significant portion of its resources and manpower to gain independence from Spain. Causes The city of Sidi Ifni was incorporated into the Spanish Empire in 1860. The following decades of Franco-Spanish collaboration resulted in the establishment and extension of Spanish protectorates south of the city. Spanish influence obtained international recognition at the Berlin Conference of 1884. In 1946, the region's various coastal and inland colonies were co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perejil Island Crisis
The Perejil Island crisis (; ) was a bloodless armed conflict between Spain and Morocco that took place on 11–18 July 2002. The incident took place over the small, uninhabited Perejil Island, when a squad of the Royal Moroccan Navy occupied it. After an exchange of declarations between both countries, the Spanish troops eventually evicted the Moroccan infantry who had relieved their Navy comrades. Background Perejil Island ( es, Isla de Perejil, ar, rtl=yes, تورة, translit=Tūra) is a small rocky island under disputed sovereignty and about the size of 15 football fields, lying from Morocco, and from the Spanish city of Ceuta, which borders Morocco, and from mainland Spain. The island itself is unpopulated, only seldom visited by Moroccan shepherds. Moroccan seizure Tensions rose on July 11, 2002, when Morocco occupied the island. Twelve soldiers of the Royal Moroccan Gendarmerie landed on the island, equipped with light arms, a radio, and several tents. The soldiers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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