Southern Dark Newtonia
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Southern Dark Newtonia
The southern dark newtonia (''Newtonia lavarambo'') is a species of bird in the family Vangidae. It is endemic to the montane forests of southeastern Madagascar, from Andringitra south to Tolagnaro. It was formerly considered a population of the dark newtonia (''N. amphichroa'') (now referred to as the northern dark newtonia), but was split from it in 2018 and classified as a distinct species after an analysis of physical and genetic differences from ''N. amphichroa'', most notably its longer tail. However, some authorities such as ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'' is a book by Jim Clements which presents a list of the bird species of the world. The most recent printed version is the sixth edition (2007), but has been updated yearly, the last version in 2022 ...'' have supported tentatively classifying ''N. lavarambo'' as a subspecies of ''N. amphichroa'' rather than a distinct species. References {{Taxonba ...
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Steven M
Stephen or Steven is a common English first name. It is particularly significant to Christians, as it belonged to Saint Stephen ( grc-gre, Στέφανος ), an early disciple and deacon who, according to the Book of Acts, was stoned to death; he is widely regarded as the first martyr (or "protomartyr") of the Christian Church. In English, Stephen is most commonly pronounced as ' (). The name, in both the forms Stephen and Steven, is often shortened to Steve or Stevie. The spelling as Stephen can also be pronounced which is from the Greek original version, Stephanos. In English, the female version of the name is Stephanie. Many surnames are derived from the first name, including Stephens, Stevens, Stephenson, and Stevenson, all of which mean "Stephen's (son)". In modern times the name has sometimes been given with intentionally non-standard spelling, such as Stevan or Stevon. A common variant of the name used in English is Stephan ; related names that have found some curr ...
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Jane L
Jane may refer to: * Jane (given name), a feminine given name * Jane (surname), related to the given name Film and television * ''Jane'' (1915 film), a silent comedy film directed by Frank Lloyd * ''Jane'' (2016 film), a South Korean drama film starring Lee Min-ji * ''Jane'' (2017 film), an American documentary film about Jane Goodall * ''Jane'' (2022 film), an American psychological thriller directed by Sabrina Jaglom * Jane (TV series), an 1980s British television series Music * ''Jane'' (album), an album by Jane McDonald * Jane (American band) * Jane (German band) * Jane, unaccompanied and original singer of "It's a Fine Day" in 1983 Songs * "Jane" (Barenaked Ladies song), 1994 * "Jane", a song by Ben Folds Five from their 1999 album ''The Unauthorized Biography of Reinhold Messner'' * "Jane" (Century song) * "Jane", a song by Elf Power * "Jane", a song by EPMD from '' Strictly Business'' * "Jane" (Jefferson Starship song), 1979 * "Jane", a song by the Loved Ones fro ...
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Marie J
Marie may refer to: People Name * Marie (given name) * Marie (Japanese given name) * Marie (murder victim), girl who was killed in Florida after being pushed in front of a moving vehicle in 1973 * Marie (died 1759), an enslaved Cree person in Trois-Rivières, New France * ''Marie'', Biblical reference to Holy Mary, mother of Jesus * Marie Curie, scientist Surname * Jean Gabriel Marie (other) * Peter Marié (1826–1903), American socialite from New York City, philanthropist, and collector of rare books and miniatures * Rose Marie (1923–2017), American actress and singer * Teena Marie (1956–2010), American singer, songwriter, and producer Places * Marie, Alpes-Maritimes, commune of the Alpes-Maritimes department, France * Lake Marie, Umpqua Lighthouse State Park, Winchester Bay, Oregon, U.S. * Marie, Arkansas, U.S. * Marie, West Virginia, U.S. Art, entertainment, and media Music * "Marie" (Cat Mother and the All Night Newsboys song), 1969 * "Marie" (Johnny Hally ...
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Sushma Reddy (biologist)
Sushama Reddy is an Indian model, VJ, actress and producer. Early life Sushama Reddy studied at the Bombay Scottish School, Mahim and graduated in Economics from Mithibai College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. She completed a filmmaking course from NYFA, New York City in the United States. She has two sisters Meghna Reddy, a former model and Sameera Reddy, a popular Bollywood actress. Career Modeling Her sister Meghna persuaded her to join the television world. Her first break was given by Bharatbala Productions. She worked on more than 100 television commercials including Limca, Fair & Lovely, Liberty, Godrej, Blender's Pride, Ford Icon and a TV commercial for Thumbs Up with Salman Khan. Reddy also appeared in Sonu Nigam's music video ''Deewana'' with Diwakar Pundir, in DJ Suketu's ''Tere Jaisa Pyaar'' and Sona Mohapatra's music compilation ''Ishq Nachaya''. Hosting Soon after Channel V was launched in India, she landed the role of a VJ at the music channel for more than 2 ...
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Bird
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich. There are about ten thousand living species, more than half of which are passerine, or "perching" birds. Birds have whose development varies according to species; the only known groups without wings are the extinct moa and elephant birds. Wings, which are modified forelimbs, gave birds the ability to fly, although further evolution has led to the loss of flight in some birds, including ratites, penguins, and diverse endemic island species. The digestive and respiratory systems of birds are also uniquely adapted for flight. Some bird species of aquatic environments, particularly seabirds and some waterbirds, have further evolved for swimming. B ...
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Vanga
The family Vangidae (from ''vanga'', Malagasy for the hook-billed vanga, ''Vanga curvirostris'') comprises a group of often shrike-like medium-sized birds distributed from Asia to Africa, including the vangas of Madagascar to which the family owes its name. Many species in this family were previously classified elsewhere in other families. Recent molecular techniques made it possible to assign these species to Vangidae, thereby solving several taxonomic enigmas. Taxonomy In addition to the small set of Malagasy species traditionally called the vangas, Vangidae includes some Asian groups: the woodshrikes (''Tephrodornis''), flycatcher-shrikes (''Hemipus'') and philentomas. Vangidae belongs to a clade of corvid birds that also includes bushshrikes (Malaconotidae), ioras (Aegithinidae) and the Australian butcherbirds, magpies and currawongs (Cracticidae) and woodswallows (Artamidae), which has been defined as the superfamily Malaconotoidea. They seem closely related to some enig ...
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Montane Ecosystems
Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes of mountains. The alpine climate in these regions strongly affects the ecosystem because temperatures fall as elevation increases, causing the ecosystem to stratify. This stratification is a crucial factor in shaping plant community, biodiversity, metabolic processes and ecosystem dynamics for montane ecosystems. Dense montane forests are common at moderate elevations, due to moderate temperatures and high rainfall. At higher elevations, the climate is harsher, with lower temperatures and higher winds, preventing the growth of trees and causing the plant community to transition to montane grasslands, shrublands or alpine tundra. Due to the unique climate conditions of montane ecosystems, they contain increased numbers of endemic species. Montane ecosystems also exhibit variation in ecosystem services, which include carbon storage and water supply. Life zones As elevation increases, the climate becomes cooler, due to a decrease in a ...
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Madagascar
Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa across the Mozambique Channel. At Madagascar is the world's List of island countries, second-largest island country, after Indonesia. The nation is home to around 30 million inhabitants and consists of the island of Geography of Madagascar, Madagascar (the List of islands by area, fourth-largest island in the world), along with numerous smaller peripheral islands. Following the prehistoric breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana, Madagascar split from the Indian subcontinent around 90 million years ago, allowing native plants and animals to evolve in relative isolation. Consequently, Madagascar is a biodiversity hotspot; over 90% of wildlife of Madagascar, its wildlife is endemic. Human settlement of Madagascar occurred during or befo ...
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Andringitra National Park
Andringitra National Park is a national park in the Haute Matsiatra region of Madagascar, south of Ambalavao. The park was established in 1999 and is managed by the Madagascar National Parks Association. It was inscribed in the World Heritage Site in 2007 as part of the Rainforests of the Atsinanana. History The importance of the area was noted by explorers in the early 20th century and in 1927 the central part of the mountain range was declared a ″Strict Nature Reserve″. During the early 1990s the Malagasy Environmental Action Plan introduced the idea of Madagascar taking ownership of the environmental agenda, rather than donors, and in 1999 the area became a National Park. In 2007 the park became part of the Rainforests of the Atsinanana World Heritage Site. Geography The reserve covers covering much of the granite massif of the Andringitra mountains which rise above plains. The altitude of the reserve varies from to the peak of the second highest mountain in the country, ...
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Tôlanaro
Fort-Dauphin (Malagasy Tolagnaro or Taolagnaro) is a city (''commune urbaine'') on the southeast coast of Madagascar. It is the capital of the Anosy Region and of the Taolagnaro District. It has been a port of local importance since the early 1500s. A new port, the Ehoala Port was built in 2006–2009. Fort-Dauphin was the first French settlement in Madagascar. Location Fort-Dauphin was initially situated on a short, narrow peninsula on the extreme southeastern coast of Madagascar. It has since grown to cover a much greater area along the ocean, almost to Mount Bezavona. Climate Fort-Dauphin has a tropical rainforest climate, though it is less rainy than areas further north on the eastern Malagasy coast. Being closer to the centre of the subtropical anticyclones than other parts of Madagascar, most rainfall is orographic, and tropical cyclones are not as common as in more northerly parts of the island. History The bay of Fort-Dauphin was found by a Portuguese Captain i ...
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Dark Newtonia
The northern dark newtonia (''Newtonia amphichroa'') is a species of bird in the family Vangidae. It is endemic to northeastern Madagascar. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It was formerly grouped with the recently described southern dark newtonia (''N. lavarambo'') as the dark newtonia. However, a 2018 study described ''N. lavarambo'' as a distinct species based on genetic and physical characteristics, and thus both were split from each other. However, some authorities such as ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'' have tentatively classified ''N. lavarambo'' as a subspecies In biological classification, subspecies is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics (morphology), but that can successfully interbreed. Not all species ... of ''N. amphicroa'' rather than a distinct species. References dark newtonia dark newtonia Taxonomy ...
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Newtonia Amphichroa
The northern dark newtonia (''Newtonia amphichroa'') is a species of bird in the family Vangidae. It is endemic to northeastern Madagascar. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It was formerly grouped with the recently described southern dark newtonia (''N. lavarambo'') as the dark newtonia. However, a 2018 study described ''N. lavarambo'' as a distinct species based on genetic and physical characteristics, and thus both were split from each other. However, some authorities such as ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'' have tentatively classified ''N. lavarambo'' as a subspecies of ''N. amphicroa'' rather than a distinct species. References dark newtonia dark newtonia The northern dark newtonia (''Newtonia amphichroa'') is a species of bird in the family Vangidae. It is endemic to northeastern Madagascar. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It was formerly grouped with the r ... Taxonomy a ...
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