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Sophonisbe (tragedy)
'' Sophonisbe '' is a tragedy in five acts by Voltaire. The play, printed in 1769 but dated 1770, was a stage failure when it premiered on 15 January 1774. Action The action takes places in a hall of the palace of Cirta at the time if the Second Punic War. Sophonisbe, daughter of Asdrubal (Hasdrubal) is married to king Siphax ( Syphax) of Numidia. Her former fiancé Massinisse (Massinissa) defeats and kills Siphax with the help of the Romans and wants to marry Sophonisbe; Scipion (Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus) however wants her sent to Rome. Massinisse therefore kills both Sophonisbe and himself.Vgl. Siegfried Detemple: ''Sophonisbe'', in: ''Voltaire: Die Werke. Katalog zum 300. Geburtstag.'' Reichert, Wiesbaden 1994, pp.220f. Literary sources The material for the plot derives from accounts by Titus Livius, Polybius and Appian, which had already been adapted into stage plays by a number of writers including Gian Giorgio Trissino (1514), Jean Mairet (1629), Pierre Corn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moreau Voltaire Sophonisbe ''
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Jean Mairet
Jean (de) Mairet (10 May 160431 January 1686) was a classical french dramatist who wrote both tragedies and comedies. Life He was born at Besançon, and went to Paris to study at the Collège des Grassins about 1625. In that year he produced his first piece ''Chryséide et Arimand''. In 1634 he produced his masterpiece, ''Sophonisbe'', which marks, in its observance of the rules, the first to be staged of the classical French tragedies. He also introduced to French drama the three classical unities of time, action and place, after a misreading of Aristotle's '' Poetics''. Mairet was one of the bitterest assailants of Corneille in the controversy over the violation of the classical unities in ''Le Cid''. He produced several pamphlets against Corneille, who responded more than once, most famously with his ''Advertissement au Besançonnois Mairet'' (1637). The personal intervention of Cardinal Richelieu was eventually required to calm the furore in the theatres. It was perhaps ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1774 Plays
Events January–March * January 21 – Mustafa III, List of Ottoman Sultans, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, dies and is succeeded by his brother Abdul Hamid I. * January 27 ** An angry crowd in Boston, Massachusetts seizes, tars, and feathers British customs collector and John Malcolm (Loyalist), Loyalist John Malcolm, for striking a boy and a shoemaker, George Robert Twelves Hewes, George Hewes, with his cane. ** British industrialist John Wilkinson (industrialist), John Wilkinson patents a method for Boring (manufacturing), boring cannon from the solid, subsequently utilised for accurate boring of steam engine cylinders. * February 3 – The Privy Council of the United Kingdom, Privy Council of Great Britain, as advisors to King George III, votes for the King's abolition of free land grants of North American lands. Henceforward, land is to be sold at auction to the highest bidder. * February 6 – France's Parliament votes a sentence of civil degradation, depriving P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1774 In France
Events from the year 1774 in France Incumbents * Monarch – Louis XV (until 10 May), then Louis XVI Events *10 May – Louis XV of France dies, and Louis XVI becomes the new king *Louis XVI faces empty treasury *division of three estates Births *9 March – Louis Auguste Say, economist and businessman, founder of sugar refineries in Nantes and Paris (died 1840) Deaths *4 February – Charles Marie de La Condamine, explorer, geographer, and mathematician (born 1701) * 24 April – Sara Banzet, educator and diarist (b. 1745) *10 May – Louis XV, King of France and Navarre from 1715 (born 1710) *30 November – Nicolas-François Dupré de Saint-Maur, economist and statistician (born 1695) *16 December – François Quesnay, economist (born 1694) *29 December – Charles O'Brien, 7th Viscount Clare (born 1757) * date unknown: ** Justine Paris Justine Paris, real name Bienfait (1705September 1773), was a French courtesan and madam. She h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tragedy Plays
Tragedy (from the grc-gre, τραγῳδία, ''tragōidia'', ''tragōidia'') is a genre of drama based on human suffering and, mainly, the terrible or sorrowful events that befall a main character. Traditionally, the intention of tragedy is to invoke an accompanying catharsis, or a "pain hatawakens pleasure", for the audience. While many cultures have developed forms that provoke this paradoxical response, the term ''tragedy'' often refers to a specific tradition of drama that has played a unique and important role historically in the self-definition of Western civilization. That tradition has been multiple and discontinuous, yet the term has often been used to invoke a powerful effect of cultural identity and historical continuity—"the Greeks and the Elizabethans, in one cultural form; Hellenes and Christians, in a common activity," as Raymond Williams puts it. From its origins in the theatre of ancient Greece 2500 years ago, from which there survives only a frac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plays By Voltaire
Play most commonly refers to: * Play (activity), an activity done for enjoyment * Play (theatre), a work of drama Play may refer also to: Computers and technology * Google Play, a digital content service * Play Framework, a Java framework * Play Mobile, a Polish internet provider * Xperia Play, an Android phone * Rakuten.co.uk (formerly Play.com), an online retailer * Backlash (engineering), or ''play'', non-reversible part of movement * Petroleum play, oil fields with same geological circumstances * Play symbol, in media control devices Film * ''Play'' (2005 film), Chilean film directed by Alicia Scherson * ''Play'', a 2009 short film directed by David Kaplan * ''Play'' (2011 film), a Swedish film directed by Ruben Östlund * ''Rush'' (2012 film), an Indian film earlier titled ''Play'' and also known as ''Raftaar 24 x 7'' * ''The Play'' (film), a 2013 Bengali film Literature and publications * ''Play'' (play), written by Samuel Beckett * ''Play'' (''The New York Times ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodore Besterman
Theodore Deodatus Nathaniel Besterman (22 November 1904 – 10 November 1976) was a Polish-born British psychical researcher, bibliographer, biographer, and translator. In 1945 he became the first editor of the ''Journal of Documentation''. From the 1950s he devoted himself to studies of the works of Voltaire. Biography Theodore Deodatus Nathaniel Besterman was born in 1904 in Łódź, Poland, but he relocated to London during his youth. In 1925 he was elected chairman of the British Federation of Youth Movements. During the 1930s Besterman lectured at the London School of Librarianship, and edited and published many works of, and about, bibliography. During World War II Besterman served in the British Royal Artillery and the Army Bureau of Current Affairs. Afterwards he worked for UNESCO, working on international methods of bibliography. During the 1950s Besterman began to concentrate on collecting, translating and publishing the writings of Voltaire, including much previously ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agathocle
'' Agathocle '' is the last dramatic tragedy by Voltaire. It was written by the 84-year-old author in 1777 almost simultaneously with the tragedy '' Irène'', only months before he died. It was not performed on the public stage until the first anniversary of his death. Composition Voltaire sent a copy of the manuscript to his friend d'Argental in August 1777, describing it to him as 'too cold and insipid' and urging him not to let anyone else see it. A month later, after further work, he was more confident about it, and hoped that the marvel of a play from an 84-year-old would soften the harshness of the critics. However of his two new plays he gradually came to consider that ''Irène'' would work better on stage, and it was indeed that work which was rehearsed and performed while he was alive. He wrote again to d'Argental on 25 October to say that he felt ''Agathocle'' was only suitable for performing 'at the Olympic Games of some school of Platonic philosophy. I'm sending you ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irène (tragedy)
'' Irène '' is a tragedy in five acts by Voltaire, and his penultimate play. It was written in 1776–1777 and premiered in Paris on March 16, 1778. Composition Recent scholarship has suggested that the original inspiration for the story, though not its setting, was an account of the death of a young woman in China who prayed for death rather than betrayal of her faith. At the time he was working on the early versions of the play, Voltaire was reading ''Mémoires concernant l’histoire, les sciences, les arts, les mœurs, les usages, etc., des Chinois'' by the Jesuit priest Jean Joseph Marie Amiot and corresponding with d'Alembert and Diderot about what he read. The theme of a woman who chooses death before disloyalty is also classically Confucian. The play was written as part of Voltaire's plan to make a triumphal return to Paris after having spent nearly twenty years in self-imposed exile in Ferney. He wished to end his life with a great theatrical success that would secur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Don Pèdre, Roi De Castille
''Don Pèdre, roi de Castille'' (''Don Pedro, King of Castille'') is a tragedy in five acts by Voltaire. He began work on it in 1761 but only finished it in 1774. It was rejected by the Comédie-Française and published unperformed in 1775. Action The action takes place at the court of medieval Castille. Don Pèdre (Peter of Castile) faces claims from his half brother Transtamare (Henry II of Castile) both for the throne and for the hand of Léonore de la Cerda. With better connections and the support of the Church, Transtamare defeats Don Pèdre with the help of French soldiers led by Bertrand du Guesclin. Transtamare murders Pèdre with his own hands and seizes the throne. Léonore chooses to die rather than endure marriage with him.Siegfried Detemple: Voltaire: Die Werke, Katalog zum 300. Geburtstag, Berlin, 1994, p.237ff Background Voltaire began working on the material for the play in 1761. As his campaigns against Church abuses gathered pace (under the slogan 'écrasez l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comédie-Française
The Comédie-Française () or Théâtre-Français () is one of the few state theatres in France. Founded in 1680, it is the oldest active theatre company in the world. Established as a French state-controlled entity in 1995, it is the only state theatre in France to have its own permanent troupe of actors. The company's primary venue is the Salle Richelieu, which is a part of the Palais-Royal complex and located at 2, Rue de Richelieu on Place André-Malraux in the 1st arrondissement of Paris. The theatre has also been known as the Théâtre de la République and popularly as "La Maison de Molière" (The House of Molière). It acquired the latter name from the troupe of the best-known playwright associated with the Comédie-Française, Molière. He was considered the patron of French actors. He died seven years before his troupe became known as the Comédie-Française, but the company continued to be known as "La Maison de Molière" even after the official change of name. Histo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nathaniel Lee
Nathaniel Lee (c. 1653 – 6 May 1692) was an English dramatist. He was the son of Dr Richard Lee, a Presbyterian clergyman who was rector of Hatfield and held many preferments under the Commonwealth; Dr Lee was chaplain to George Monck, afterwards Duke of Albemarle, but after the Restoration he conformed to the Church of England, and withdrew his approval for Charles I's execution. Lee was educated at Westminster School (though some sources say Charterhouse School), and at Trinity College, Cambridge, taking his B.A. degree in 1668. Coming to London, perhaps under the patronage of George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, he tried to earn his living as an actor, but acute stage fright made this impossible. His earliest play, ''Nero, Emperor of Rome'', was acted in 1675 at Drury Lane. Two tragedies written in rhymed heroic couplets, in imitation of John Dryden, followed in 1676: '' Sophonisba, or Hannibal's Overthrow'' and '' Gloriana, or the Court of Augustus Caesar''. Bot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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