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Somali Invasion Of Ogaden
The Somali invasion of Ogaden took place in July 1977 when the Somali Army attacked in two formations. The main force had the aim of seizing Jijiga, Harar and Dire Dawa while a secondary force assaulted Dolo, Gode and Imi. The Somali National Army (SNA) committed to invade the Ogaden on 12 July 1977, according to Ethiopian Ministry of National Defense documents (some other sources state 13 July or 23 July)... Forces According to Ethiopian sources, the invaders numbered 70,000 troops, 40 fighter planes, 250 tanks, 350 APCs, and 600 artillery, which was almost the whole Somali Army. Soviet officials put the number of attacking Somali forces at 23,000 servicemen, 150 T-34 and 50 T-54/55 tanks, as well as 250 armoured personnel carriers such as the BTR-50PK, BTR-152 and BTR-60PB. In addition to the Somali regular troops, another 15,000 fighters of the Western Somali Liberation Front (WSLF) were also present in the Ogaden. Ethiopian forces present in the Ogaden were largely compos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ogaden War
The Ogaden War, or the Ethio-Somali War (, am, የኢትዮጵያ ሶማሊያ ጦርነት, ye’ītiyop’iya somalīya t’orineti), was a military conflict fought between Somalia and Ethiopia from July 1977 to March 1978 over the Ethiopian region of Ogaden. Somalia's invasion of the region, precursor to the wider war,. met with the Soviet Union's disapproval, leading the superpower to end its support of Somalia and support Ethiopia instead. Ethiopia was saved from defeat and permanent loss of territory through a massive airlift of military supplies worth $1 billion, the arrival of more than 12,000 Cuban soldiers and airmen sent by Fidel Castro to win a second African victory (after his first success in Angola in 1975–76), and 1,500 Soviet advisors, led by General Vasily Petrov. On 23 January 1978, Cuban armored brigades inflicted the worst losses the Somali forces had ever taken in a single action since the start of the war. The Cubans (equipped with 300 tanks ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BTR-60
The BTR-60 is the first vehicle in a series of Soviet eight-wheeled armoured personnel carriers (APCs). It was developed in the late 1950s as a replacement for the BTR-152 and was seen in public for the first time in 1961. BTR stands for ''Bronetransporter'' (БТР, Бронетранспортер, literally "armoured transporter"). History Origins The BTR-152 and BTR-40, the first two Soviet mass-produced APCs developed after the Second World War, gave the Soviet Army useful experience with wheeled armoured personnel carriers. However, even as they were designed, they were not suited for the needs of the Soviet Army as they lacked a roof (which was added in later versions designated BTR-152K and BTR-40B respectively). The low combat values of the BTR-152 and BTR-40 were exposed when the Egyptian Army used them during the Suez Crisis and also when the Soviet Army used them in the fighting on the streets of Budapest during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. These were among the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Of The Ogaden War
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and Battle of Stalingrad, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, wherea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Involving Somalia
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and Battle of Stalingrad, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, wherea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Involving Ethiopia
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and Battle of Stalingrad, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Journal Of African Historical Studies
The ''International Journal of African Historical Studies'' publishes peer reviewed articles on all aspects of African history The history of Africa begins with the emergence of hominids, archaic humans and — around 300–250,000 years ago—anatomically modern humans ('' Homo sapiens''), in East Africa, and continues unbroken into the present as a patchwork of d .... The journal was established in 1968 as ''African Historical Studies''. External links Access to ''African Historical Studies'' (1968–1971)on JSTOR African history journals Publications established in 1968 English-language journals Boston University ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Dire Dawa
The Battle of Dire Dawa were a series of battles that took place since 17 July to 17 August 1977 between Ethiopian Armed Forces and Somali Armed Forces near the town of Dire Dawa, Ethiopia and adjacent to the airfield of the same name during the Ogaden War. Battle The first attempt to storm Dire Dawa by the Somalis was made on July 17 at 04:30 with attacking forces totalling three mechanized battalions. The attack was repulsed at the cost of 79 Ethiopian soldiers dead; Ethiopians estimated the loss of Somalis twice as high. As a result of the attack, Somalis breached the Dire Dawa airfield destroying an F-5E aircraft of the Ethiopian 9th Air Force with an RPG. The second phase of the assault was launched on 17 August 1977, with Somalian forces totalling a Infantry battalion and 32 tanks. On the outskirts of the city, three Somali tanks were destroyed by mines. Somali tanks managed to pass the Ethiopian resistance and break through to the airfield near the city; during the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4th Infantry Division (Ethiopia)
In military terms, 4th Division may refer to: Infantry divisions *4th (Quetta) Division, British Indian Army *4th Alpine Division Cuneense, Italy * 4th Blackshirt Division (3 January), Italy *4th Canadian Division *4th Division (Australia) * 4th Division (Estonia) *4th Division (German Empire) *4th Division (Imperial Japanese Army) *4th Division (Iraq) *4th Division (Japan) *4th Division (New Zealand) *4th Division (North Korea) * 4th Division (Norway), participated in the Norwegian Campaign * 4th Division (Reichswehr) * 4th Guards Motor Rifle Division (Soviet Union) *4th Guards Rifle Division (Soviet Union) *4th Infantry Division (Belgium), Belgian Army order of battle (1914) *4th Infantry Division (Greece) *4th Infantry Division (India) *4th Infantry Division (Philippines) *4th Infantry Division (Poland) *4th Infantry Division (Romania) *4th Infantry Division (Russian Empire) *4th Infantry Division (Thailand) *4th Infantry Division (United Kingdom) *4th Infantry Division (United ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3rd Infantry Division (Ethiopia)
3rd Division may refer to: Air divisions *3d Air Division, United States *3d Attack Wing, United States Armoured divisions *3rd Armoured Division (Australia) *3rd Armored Division (France) *3rd Light Mechanized Division (France) *3rd Panzer Division (Wehrmacht) *3rd Panzer Division (Bundeswehr) *3rd SS Panzer Division Totenkopf, Nazi Germany *3rd Tank Division (Imperial Japanese Army) *3rd Armored Division (Jordan) *3rd Division (Nigeria) *3rd Tank Division (Soviet Union) *3rd Armored Division (United States) Cavalry divisions *3rd Cavalry Division (German Empire) *3rd Cavalry Division (Reichswehr), Weimar Republic *3rd Light Division (Wehrmacht) *3rd Cavalry Division Amedeo Duca d'Aosta, 3rd Cavalry Division ''Amedeo Duca d'Aosta'', Italian Army during World War II *3rd Cavalry Division (United Kingdom) *3rd Mounted Division, United Kingdom *3rd Cavalry Division (United States) Infantry divisions *3rd (Lahore) Division, of the British Indian Army before and during World ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21
The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 (russian: Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-21; NATO reporting name: Fishbed) is a supersonic jet aircraft, jet fighter aircraft, fighter and interceptor aircraft, designed by the Mikoyan, Mikoyan-Gurevich OKB, Design Bureau in the Soviet Union. Its nicknames include: "balalaika", because its planform (aeronautics), planform resembles the balalaika, stringed musical instrument of the same name; "''Ołówek''", Polish language, Polish for "pencil", due to the shape of its fuselage, and "''Én Bạc''", meaning "silver swallow", in Vietnamese language, Vietnamese. Approximately 60 countries across four continents have flown the MiG-21, and it still serves many nations six decades after its maiden flight. It set aviation records, becoming List of most-produced aircraft, the most-produced supersonic jet aircraft in aviation history, the most-produced combat aircraft since the Korean War and, previously, the longest production run of any combat air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northrop F-5
The Northrop F-5 is a family of supersonic light fighter aircraft initially designed as a privately funded project in the late 1950s by Northrop Corporation. There are two main models, the original F-5A and F-5B Freedom Fighter variants and the extensively updated F-5E and F-5F Tiger II variants. The design team wrapped a small, highly aerodynamic fighter around two compact and high-thrust General Electric J85 engines, focusing on performance and a low cost of maintenance. Smaller and simpler than contemporaries such as the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II, the F-5 cost less to procure and operate, making it a popular export aircraft. Though primarily designed for a day air superiority role, the aircraft is also a capable ground-attack platform. The F-5A entered service in the early 1960s. During the Cold War, over 800 were produced through 1972 for U.S. allies. Though at the time the United States Air Force (USAF) did not have a need for a light fighter, it did procure approx ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Air Superiority
Aerial supremacy (also air superiority) is the degree to which a side in a conflict holds control of air power over opposing forces. There are levels of control of the air in aerial warfare. Control of the air is the aerial equivalent of command of the sea. Air power has increasingly become a powerful element of military campaigns; military planners view having an environment of at least air superiority as a necessity. Air supremacy allows increased bombing efforts, tactical air support for ground forces, paratroop assaults, airdrops and simple cargo plane transfers, which can move ground forces and supplies. Air power is a function of the degree of air superiority and numbers or types of aircraft, but it represents a situation that defies black-and-white characterization. The degree of a force's air control is a zero-sum game with its opponent's; increasing control by one corresponds to decreasing control by the other. Air forces unable to contest for air superiority ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
