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Solidarnost
United Democratic Movement "Solidarnost" (russian: Объединённое демократическое движение «Солидарность»; ОДД «Солидарность»; ''Obyedinonnoye demokraticheskoye dvizheniye «Solidarnost»'', ''ODD "Solidarnost"''), abbreviated ODD "Solidarnost" ( Russian for "Solidarity", named after the Polish Solidarność), is a Russian liberal democratic political movement founded on 13 December 2008 by a number of well-known members of the liberal democratic opposition, including Garry Kasparov, Boris Nemtsov and others from the Yabloko and Union of Right Forces (which had just merged with two pro-Kremlin parties, the Democratic Party of Russia and Civilian Power, to form the pro-Kremlin liberal democratic Right Cause) parties, leaders of the Dissenters March events, the Committee 2008, the People's Democratic Union, the United Civil Front, The Other Russia and other politicians and political groups. In an apparent attempt to ...
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Roman Dobrokhotov
Roman Aleksandrovich Dobrokhotov (; born August 6, 1983) is a Russian investigative journalist, activist, one of the founders and leaders of the 5th of December Party. He is a member of the federal political council of the Solidarnost movement, member of the political council of the Solidarnost's Moscow branch, founder and owner of investigative newspaper ''The Insider''. Biography Roman Dobrokhotov studied at . His father is the Russian philosopher Alexander Dobrokhotov. From 2000 to 2006, he studied at Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO) at the Faculty of Political Science. In 2006—2007, in graduate school at the Higher School of Economics in Moscow. The topic of Dobrokhotov's PhD thesis was "Trust in world politics". Since 2005, he has been leader of the movement "We", a member of the federal political council of the movement Solidarnost since the foundation of the movement in 2008, a member of the political council of the Moscow branch of Solidar ...
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Lev Ponomaryov
Lev Aleksandrovich Ponomaryov (russian: Лев Алекса́ндрович Пономарёв, September 2, 1941) is a Russian political and civil activist. He is an executive director of the all-Russian movement "For Human Rights." He is a member of the Federal Political Council of Solidarnost, and was deputy to the State Duma in its first period. Education and early career Ponomaryov graduated from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MFTI) in 1965 and from the doctorate program of the same institute in 1968, becoming a doctor of physics and mathematics. He worked in the Theoretical and Experimental Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and simultaneously taught at MFTI in the general physics department. Human rights and political activities 1980s In 1988, Ponomaryov helped create the human rights organization Memorial. In 1989, Ponomaryov filled the place of academic Andrei Sakharov in the Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union after he ...
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Boris Nemtsov
Boris Yefimovich Nemtsov ( rus, Бори́с Ефи́мович Немцо́в, p=bɐˈrʲis jɪˈfʲiməvʲɪtɕ nʲɪmˈtsof; 9 October 195927 February 2015) was a Russian physicist and liberal politician. He was involved in the introduction of reforms into the Russian post-Soviet economy. In the 1990s under President Boris Yeltsin, he was the first governor of the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (1991–1997). Later he worked in the government of Russia as Minister of Fuel and Energy (1997), Vice Premier of Russia and Security Council member from 1997 to 1998. In 1998, he founded the Young Russia movement. In 1998, he co-founded the coalition group Right Cause and in 1999, he co-formed Union of Right Forces, an electoral bloc and subsequently a political party. Nemtsov was also a member of the Congress of People's Deputies (1990), Federation Council (1993–97) and State Duma (1999–2003). From 2000 until his death, he was an outspoken critic of Vladimir Putin. He criticized Putin ...
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Ilya Yashin
Ilya Valeryevich Yashin (russian: Илья́ Вале́рьевич Я́шин; born 29 June 1983) is a Russian opposition politician who led the PARNAS party from 2012 to 2016, and then its Moscow branch. He was also head of the Moscow municipal district of Krasnoselsky and former chairman of the Council of Deputies of the Krasnoselsky district from 2017 to 2021. Yashin co-founded the civic youth movement Oborona in 2005 and later the political movement Solidarnost in 2008, of which he is still one of the leaders. He was an active participant in the Dissenters' March and the 2011–2013 Russian protests. In 2012, he was elected to the Russian Opposition Coordination Council. Amidst an increase in government crackdowns on the opposition following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, some considered Yashin to have had the largest platform of any opposition politician that had not either left the country, been imprisoned, or been killed. However, in June 2022, he was arrested ...
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Vladimir Milov
Vladimir Stanislavovich Milov (russian: link=no, Влади́мир Станисла́вович Мило́в, born 18 June 1972) is a Russian politician, economist and the former chairman of the Russian political party Democratic Choice from May 2012 to December 2015. He served as Deputy Minister of Energy of the Russian Federation from May to October 2002. He was a member of the Federal Political Council of the democratic movement Solidarnost (2008-2010) and one of the founders of the coalition "For Russia without Lawlessness and Corruption". He was also the president of the Institute for Energy Policy, a Moscow-based independent think tank until 2013. Early life and education Vladimir Milov graduated from Moscow State Mining University in 1994. In 1997–2001, he worked for the natural monopoly regulator of Russia, the Federal Energy Commission of Russia, serving in 1999–2001 as the head of its economic analysis department. In 2001 he headed an expert team within the Cente ...
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Vladimir Bukovsky
Vladimir Konstantinovich Bukovsky (russian: link=no, Влади́мир Константи́нович Буко́вский; 30 December 1942 – 27 October 2019) was a Russian-born British human rights activist and writer. From the late 1950s to the mid-1970s, he was a prominent figure in the Soviet dissident movement, well known at home and abroad. He spent a total of twelve years in the psychiatric prison-hospitals, labour camps, and prisons of the Soviet Union. After being expelled from the Soviet Union in late 1976, Bukovsky remained in vocal opposition to the Soviet system and the shortcomings of its successor regimes in Russia. An activist, a writer, Jacket and a neurophysiologist,. he is celebrated for his part in the campaign to expose and halt the political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union. A member of the international advisory council of the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation, a director of the Gratitude Fund (set up in 1998 to commemorate and sup ...
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Democratic Choice (Russia, 2010)
Democratic Choice (DemChoice; russian: Демократический выбор; ДемВыбор; ''Demokraticheskiy vybor'', ''DemVybor'') — Russian right-wing conservative liberal and national liberal political party, that defends the principles of democratic development of the country. Founded on February 28, 2010 at a conference in Moscow. Registered by the Ministry of Justice as a regional public organization. On September 20, 2012 officially registered by the Ministry of Justice as a political party. In 2017, the Supreme Court suspended the activities of the party at the suit of the Ministry of Justice. History * On February 28, 2010, at a conference of the Moscow city branch of the Union of Right Forces, the name, Charter and Political Manifesto of the organization were adopted. Vladimir Milov was elected chairman of the Democratic Choice. Igor Drandin and Anna Evdokimova were elected vice-chairmen. * On April 27, 2010, the Democratic Choice group was created in ...
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People's Freedom Party "For Russia Without Lawlessness And Corruption"
People's Freedom Party "For Russia without Lawlessness and Corruption" (PARNAS; russian: Партия народной свободы «За Россию без произвола и коррупции»; ПАРНАС; ''Partiya narodnoy svobody «Za Rossiyu bez proizvola i korruptsiyi»'', ''PARNAS'') was a liberal-democratic political party in Russia founded on 13 December 2010 by opposition politicians Vladimir Ryzhkov, Boris Nemtsov, Mikhail Kasyanov and Vladimir Milov and ''de facto'' dissolved on 16 June 2012 (merged into RPR-PARNAS party). The name is a reference to the original liberal-democratic Party of Popular Freedom. The party is strongly critical of Putin's regime. Its stated goal is to return Russia to the path of democracy and restore respect for the Constitution. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party. The party has been formed on the basis of a coalition including four organisations: * Democratic Choice (led ...
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Russian Opposition Coordination Council
The Russian Opposition Coordination Council (OCC or KSO; russian: Координационный совет российской оппозиции, КСО – ''Koordinatsionnyy sovet rossiyskoy oppozitsii'', KSO) was a council created in October 2012 by Russian protesters. Due to the fractured nature of the opposition, in June 2012 activists decided to create a 45-member Opposition Coordination Council (OCC), which would try to coordinate and direct dissent in Russia. Elections for the council were held on 20–22 October 2012. 170,000 people had registered on the sitcvk2012.org of whom nearly 98,000 were classed as "verified" and nearly 82,000 had cast their votes., ''Russia Beyond the Headlines'', 9 November 2012. Retrieved 9 Nov 2012. The council was dissolved in October 2013. Members by votes Most votes were cast for Alexei Navalny. Civil activists list #Alexei Navalny #Dmitry Bykov #Garry Kasparov #Kseniya Sobchak # Ilya Yashin #Mikhail Gelfand #Yevgeniya Chirikova # ...
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The Other Russia (coalition)
The Other Russia (russian: Другая Россия; ''Drugaya Rossiya''), sometimes cited as Another Russia, was an umbrella coalition (2006–2008/2009/2010) that gathered opponents of President Vladimir Putin and was known as an organizer of Dissenters' Marches. The coalition brought together representatives from a wide variety of political and human rights movements, liberals, nationalists, socialists and communists (though the CPRF was absent), as well as individual citizens. The last Dissenters' March took place in 2008. The group included both far left, centre, and far right opposition leaders as well as mainstream liberals such as former world chess champion and United Civil Front leader Garry Kasparov (in 2006–2007), the radical National Bolshevik Party leader Eduard Limonov, and the far-left Vanguard of Red Youth.
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Garry Kasparov
Garry Kimovich Kasparov (born 13 April 1963) is a Russian chess grandmaster, former World Chess Champion, writer, political activist and commentator. His peak rating of 2851, achieved in 1999, was the highest recorded until being surpassed by Magnus Carlsen in 2013. From 1984 until his retirement in 2005, Kasparov was ranked world No. 1 for a record 255 months overall for his career, the most in history. Kasparov also holds records for the most consecutive professional tournament victories (15) and Chess Oscars (11). Kasparov became the youngest ever undisputed World Chess Champion in 1985 at age 22 by defeating then-champion Anatoly Karpov. He held the official FIDE world title until 1993, when a dispute with FIDE led him to set up a rival organization, the Professional Chess Association. In 1997 he became the first world champion to lose a match to a computer under standard time controls when he lost to the IBM supercomputer Deep Blue in a highly publicized match. He co ...
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Solidarność
Solidarity ( pl, „Solidarność”, ), full name Independent Self-Governing Trade Union "Solidarity" (, abbreviated ''NSZZ „Solidarność”'' ), is a Polish trade union founded in August 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland. Subsequently, it was the first independent trade union in a Warsaw Pact country to be recognised by the state. The union's membership peaked at 10 million in September 1981, representing one-third of the country's working-age population. Solidarity's leader Lech Wałęsa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 and the union is widely recognised as having played a central role in the end of Communist rule in Poland. In the 1980s, Solidarity was a broad anti-authoritarian social movement, using methods of civil resistance to advance the causes of workers' rights and social change. Government attempts in the early 1980s to destroy the union through the imposition of martial law in Poland and the use of political repression failed. Operati ...
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