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Solanum Linnaeanum
''Solanum linnaeanum'' is a nightshade species known as devil's apple and, in some places where it is introduced, apple of Sodom. The latter name is also used for other nightshades and entirely different plants elsewhere, in particular the poisonous milkweed ''Calotropis procera''. This poisonous plant bearing tomato-like fruit is native to many African countries Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Zimbabwe and Mozambique,Species Fact Sheet, Queensland Government and is considered to be an invasive species in Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, Fiji, New Caledonia, other Pacific Islands, the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia, and northern areas of Pakistan. When raw its fruits are green and look exactly like the Thai eggplant and when ripe they are yellow. In Ukambani eastern Kenya children in the villages in summer season use the poisonous yellow fruit as football, cautiously. Solbec Pharmaceuticals attempted to develop Coramsine, a 1:1 mixture of the alkaloids solamargine and solas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synonyms
A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in the English language, the words ''begin'', ''start'', ''commence'', and ''initiate'' are all synonyms of one another: they are ''synonymous''. The standard test for synonymy is substitution: one form can be replaced by another in a sentence without changing its meaning. Words are considered synonymous in only one particular sense: for example, ''long'' and ''extended'' in the context ''long time'' or ''extended time'' are synonymous, but ''long'' cannot be used in the phrase ''extended family''. Synonyms with exactly the same meaning share a seme or denotational sememe, whereas those with inexactly similar meanings share a broader denotational or connotational sememe and thus overlap within a semantic field. The former are sometimes called cognitive synonyms and the latter, near-synonyms, plesionyms or poecilonyms. Lexico ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pacific Islands
Collectively called the Pacific Islands, the islands in the Pacific Ocean are further categorized into three major island groups: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Depending on the context, the term ''Pacific Islands'' may refer to one of several different concepts: (1) those countries and islands with common Austronesian origins, (2) the islands once (or currently) colonized, or (3) the geographical region of Oceania. This list of islands in the Pacific Ocean is organized by archipelago or political boundary. In order to keep this list of moderate size, the more complete lists for countries with large numbers of small or uninhabited islands have been hyperlinked. Name ambiguity and groupings The umbrella term ''Pacific Islands'' has taken on several meanings. Sometimes it is used to refer only to the islands defined as lying within Oceania. At other times, it is used to refer to the islands of the Pacific Ocean that were previously colonized by the British, French, Spa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanum Undatum
''Solanum'' is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants, which include three food crops of high economic importance: the potato, the tomato and the eggplant (aubergine, brinjal). It is the largest genus in the nightshade family Solanaceae, comprising around 1,500 species. It also contains the so-called horse nettles (unrelated to the genus of true nettles, ''Urtica''), as well as numerous plants cultivated for their ornamental flowers and fruit. ''Solanum'' species show a wide range of growth habits, such as annuals and perennials, vines, subshrubs, shrubs, and small trees. Many formerly independent genera like ''Lycopersicon'' (the tomatoes) and ''Cyphomandra'' are now included in ''Solanum'' as subgenera or sections. Thus, the genus today contains roughly 1,500–2,000 species. Name The generic name was first used by Pliny the Elder (AD 23–79) for a plant also known as , most likely ''S. nigrum''. Its derivation is uncertain, possibly stemming from the Latin word ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nomen Nudum
In taxonomy, a ''nomen nudum'' ('naked name'; plural ''nomina nuda'') is a designation which looks exactly like a scientific name of an organism, and may have originally been intended to be one, but it has not been published with an adequate description. This makes it a "bare" or "naked" name, which cannot be accepted as it stands. A largely equivalent but much less frequently used term is ''nomen tantum'' ("name only"). In zoology According to the rules of zoological nomenclature a ''nomen nudum'' is unavailable; the glossary of the ''International Code of Zoological Nomenclature'' gives this definition: And among the rules of that same Zoological Code: In botany According to the rules of botanical nomenclature a ''nomen nudum'' is not validly published. The glossary of the ''International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' gives this definition: The requirements for the diagnosis or description are covered by articles 32, 36, 41, 42, and 44. ''Nomina nu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxon
In biology, a taxon ( back-formation from '' taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were set forth in Carl Linnaeus's system in '' Systema Naturae'', 10th edition (1758), as well as an unpublished work by Bernard and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The idea of a unit-based system of biological classification was first made widely available in 1805 in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanum Ferox
''Solanum lasiocarpum'', synonym ''Solanum ferox'' L., otherwise known as Indian nightshade or hairy-fruited eggplant, is a plant that produces edible fruit. Its flowers are white and its fruits are pale yellow. ''S. lasiocarpum'' is found wild in parts of temperate and tropical Asia: the Andaman Islands, Sri Lanka, Indochina, south China, Taiwan, much of Malesia, Papuasia and Queensland, Australia. In other countries it is primarily known as a domesticated plant. Domesticated plants bear larger fruits and lack the prickly skin that is found in the wild plants. The color found in the center of fruit is light green, like that of ''Solanum quitoense''. It's cultivated in tropical Asia, used in food additives for flavoring, and given to the sick as a folk medicine Traditional medicine (also known as indigenous medicine or folk medicine) comprises medical aspects of traditional knowledge that developed over generations within the folk beliefs of various societies, including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his Nobility#Ennoblement, ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms. He is known as the "father of modern Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy". Many of his writings were in Latin; his name is rendered in Latin as and, after his 1761 ennoblement, as . Linnaeus was born in Råshult, the countryside of Småland, in southern Sweden. He received most of his higher education at Uppsala University and began giving lectures in botany there in 1730. He lived abroad between 1735 and 1738, where he studied and also published the first edition of his ' in the Netherlands. He then returned to Sweden where he became professor of medicine and botany at Uppsala. In the 1740s, he was sent on several journeys through Sweden to find and classify plants and animals. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanum Incanum
''Solanum incanum'' is a species of nightshade, a flowering plant in the family Solanaceae. It is native to Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East, eastwards to India. The species was introduced to Taiwan and Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making .... Common names include thorn apple, bitter apple, bitterball and bitter tomato It may be confused with the similar '' S. linnaeanum'' where their ranges overlap in Africa. In ancient India, ''Solanum incanum'' was domesticated into the eggplant, ''Solanum melongena''.Tsao and Lo in "Vegetables: Types and Biology". ''Handbook of Food Science, Technology, and Engineering'' by Yiu H. Hui (2006). CRC Press. .Doijode, S. D. (2001). ''Seed storage of horticultural crops'' (pp 157). Haworth Press: In biblical literature, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanum Capsicoides
''Solanum capsicoides'', the cockroach berry, known as ''polohauai'i'' in Polynesia, is a flowering plant in the family Solanaceae. It is native to eastern Brazil but naturalized in other tropical regions, where it sometimes becomes an invasive weed. Synonyms This species had been included in '' S. aculeatissimum'' as variety ''denudatum'' by Dunal (''Solanum denudatum'' of Bitter is '' S. humile'' as described by Lamarck). It was also included in the eggplant (''S. melongena'') under its junior synonym ''S. trongum'' (as var. ''sinuato-pinnatifidum''), also by Dunal.Solanaceae Source (2006) In addition, the cockroach berry is sometimes referenced under the following obsolete names: * ''Solanum arrebenta'' Vell. * ''Solanum bodinieri'' H.Lév. & Vaniot * ''Solanum capsicoides'' Hort. Paris ex Lam. (preoccupied) * ''Solanum ciliare'' Willd. * ''Solanum ciliatum'' Lam. :''S. ciliatum'' of Blume from F.A.W. Miquel is an undetermined species of ''Lycianthes''. * ''Solanum ciliat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solanum Cinereum
Solanum cinereum is a species of plant in the family Solanaceae, known by the common name Narrawa burr. It is native to open woodland in south eastern Australia. ''Solanum cinereum'' is a small perennial shrub, either sprawling, or erect to one metre. The leaves are heavily lobed, dark green, and shiny, and have sharp ~1 cm spines over their surface, and along the major veins. The flowers are mauve–purple, and occur all year, but less often in winter. The fruit is like a small, hard tomato, up to about 2 cm in diameter, coloured yellow green, drying to black. ''Solanum cinereum'' is considered a weed A weed is a plant considered undesirable in a particular situation, "a plant in the wrong place", or a plant growing where it is not wanted.Harlan, J. R., & deWet, J. M. (1965). Some thoughts about weeds. ''Economic botany'', ''19''(1), 16-24. ... in farmland, because it is poisonous to sheep, cattle, and possibly horses. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q17400553 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solasonine
Solasonine is a glycoalkaloid that is found in Solanum plants of the family Solanaceae. Solasonine is a poisonous chemical compound when used at high levels. It is a glycoside of solasodine Solasodine is a poisonous alkaloid chemical compound that occurs in plants of the family Solanaceae such as potatoes and tomatoes. Solasonine and solamargine are glycoalkaloid derivatives of solasodine. Solasodine is teratogenic to hamster fetus .... Glycoalkaloids such as Solasonine have various applications including pharmacology, cancer treatments and even a role as a pesticide. High levels of glycoalkaloids are toxic to humans due to their ability to disrupt cell-membrane function. There is a loss of membrane integrity which puts the cell at risk for apoptosis (cell death) due to the ability of any chemical coming into contact with the cell. Solasonine was one component of the unsuccessful experimental cancer drug candidate Coramsine. Side Effects Although, solasonine has anti-in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solamargine
Solamargine is a cytotoxic chemical compound that occurs in plants of the family Solanaceae, such as potatoes, tomatoes, and eggplants. It has been also isolated from '' Solanum nigrum'' fungal endophyte ''Aspergillus flavus''. It is a glycoalkaloid derived from the steroidal alkaloid solasodine. Solamargine was one component of the unsuccessful experimental cancer drug candidate Coramsine. See also * ''Solanum americanum ''Solanum americanum'', commonly known as American black nightshade, small-flowered nightshade or glossy nightshade, is a herbaceous flowering plant of wide though uncertain native range. The certain native range encompasses the tropics and subtr ...'' References External links *{{Commonscatinline Steroidal alkaloids Alkaloid glycosides Plant toxins Steroidal alkaloids found in Solanaceae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
