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Soken Tester
Soken tester - is a portable single yoke instrument for assessing the power loss in electrical steel laminations. It has been developed for quick assessment of power loss in electrical steel sheet without the need for cutting and annealing, as it is the case for standardised methods like Epstein frame. The power loss can be estimated at 1.0 T, 1.5 T and 1.7 T and two frequencies 50 Hz and 60 Hz. Lamination thickness can be set within a range from 0.01 mm to 0.99 mm and there is no option for selecting the material density. The power loss is measured as a product of magnetic field and flux density. Both these signals are detected from the magnetising yoke, which is contained in an aluminium head (55 mm in diameter as shown in the photo). The flux density is measured from a secondary winding wound on the yoke. For that reason there is a great influence on the measured values, hence great care should be taken that the measuring head is placed on a clean and even s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soken Tester
Soken tester - is a portable single yoke instrument for assessing the power loss in electrical steel laminations. It has been developed for quick assessment of power loss in electrical steel sheet without the need for cutting and annealing, as it is the case for standardised methods like Epstein frame. The power loss can be estimated at 1.0 T, 1.5 T and 1.7 T and two frequencies 50 Hz and 60 Hz. Lamination thickness can be set within a range from 0.01 mm to 0.99 mm and there is no option for selecting the material density. The power loss is measured as a product of magnetic field and flux density. Both these signals are detected from the magnetising yoke, which is contained in an aluminium head (55 mm in diameter as shown in the photo). The flux density is measured from a secondary winding wound on the yoke. For that reason there is a great influence on the measured values, hence great care should be taken that the measuring head is placed on a clean and even s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soken Tester Head
The Sokens is a name often used to describe the area containing the traditional parishes of Thorpe, Kirby and Walton, which now lie in Tendring district in the Naze area of northeast Essex. The significance of this grouping is now mostly historical. The name 'Soken' is derived from the Saxon '' 'soc' '' or '' 'soca', '' signifying immunity, peculiar privileges and jurisdiction. It refers in particular to the power to administer justice within itself, and likewise the circuit within which such power was exercised. Among others was the claim that no bailiff except the lord's bailiff could arrest any person within the parish. History Thorpe, Kirby and Walton once made up the ancient manor of Adulvesnasa. This name probably refers to the promontory or Naze where Walton now lies, and may denote a former landowner. The Domesday Book states that, in 1066, the manor was owned by the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's in London, and was assessed at 27 hides. It may have been granted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Power Loss
A power outage (also called a powercut, a power out, a power failure, a power blackout, a power loss, or a blackout) is the loss of the electrical power network supply to an end user. There are many causes of power failures in an electricity network. Examples of these causes include faults at power stations, damage to electric transmission lines, substations or other parts of the distribution system, a short circuit, cascading failure, fuse or circuit breaker operation. Power failures are particularly critical at sites where the environment and public safety are at risk. Institutions such as hospitals, sewage treatment plants, and mines will usually have backup power sources such as standby generators, which will automatically start up when electrical power is lost. Other critical systems, such as telecommunication, are also required to have emergency power. The battery room of a telephone exchange usually has arrays of lead–acid batteries for backup and also a socket ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electrical Steel
Electrical steel (E-steel, lamination steel, silicon electrical steel, silicon steel, relay steel, transformer steel) is an iron alloy tailored to produce specific magnetic properties: small hysteresis area resulting in low power loss per cycle, low core loss, and high permeability. Electrical steel is usually manufactured in cold-rolled strips less than 2 mm thick. These strips are cut to shape to make laminations which are stacked together to form the laminated cores of transformers, and the stator and rotor of electric motors. Laminations may be cut to their finished shape by a punch and die or, in smaller quantities, may be cut by a laser, or by wire electrical discharge machining. Metallurgy Electrical steel is an iron alloy which may have from zero to 6.5% silicon (Si:5Fe). Commercial alloys usually have silicon content up to 3.2% (higher concentrations result in brittleness during cold rolling). Manganese and aluminum can be added up to 0.5%. Silicon increases ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epstein Frame
An Epstein frame or Epstein square is a standardised measurement device for measuring the magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials, especially used for testing of electrical steels. The International Standard for the measurement configuration and conditions are defined by the standard IEC 60404-2:2008 Magnetic materials - Part 2: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of electrical steel sheet and strip by means of an Epstein frame published by International Electrotechnical Commission. An Epstein frame comprises a primary and a secondary winding. The sample under test should be prepared as a set of a number of strips (always a multiple of four) cut from electrical steel sheet or ribbon. Each layer of the sample is double-lapped in corners and weighted down with a force of 1 N (see photo). The power losses are measured by means of a wattmeter method in which the primary current and secondary voltage are used. During the measurement, the Epstein frame b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tesla (unit)
The tesla (symbol: T) is the unit of magnetic flux density (also called magnetic B-field strength) in the International System of Units (SI). One tesla is equal to one weber per square metre. The unit was announced during the General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1960 and is named in honour of Serbian-American electrical and mechanical engineer Nikola Tesla, upon the proposal of the Slovenian electrical engineer France Avčin. Definition A particle, carrying a charge of one coulomb (C), and moving perpendicularly through a magnetic field of one tesla, at a speed of one metre per second (m/s), experiences a force with magnitude one newton (N), according to the Lorentz force law. That is, : \text = \dfrac. As an SI derived unit, the tesla can also be expressed in terms of other units. For example, a magnetic flux of 1 weber (Wb) through a surface of one square meter is equal to a magnetic flux density of 1 tesla.''The International System of Units (SI), 8th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Density
Density (volumetric mass density or specific mass) is the substance's mass per unit of volume. The symbol most often used for density is ''ρ'' (the lower case Greek letter rho), although the Latin letter ''D'' can also be used. Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by volume: : \rho = \frac where ''ρ'' is the density, ''m'' is the mass, and ''V'' is the volume. In some cases (for instance, in the United States oil and gas industry), density is loosely defined as its weight per unit volume, although this is scientifically inaccurate – this quantity is more specifically called specific weight. For a pure substance the density has the same numerical value as its mass concentration. Different materials usually have different densities, and density may be relevant to buoyancy, purity and packaging. Osmium and iridium are the densest known elements at standard conditions for temperature and pressure. To simplify comparisons of density across different s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cardiff University
, latin_name = , image_name = Shield of the University of Cardiff.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = Coat of arms of Cardiff University , motto = cy, Gwirionedd, Undod a Chytgord , mottoeng = Truth, Unity and Concord , established = 1883 (/)2005 (independent university status) , type = Public , endowment = £45.5 million (2021) , budget = £603.4 million (2020–21) , total_staff = 6,900 (2019/20) , academic_staff = 3,350 (2019/20) , chancellor = Jenny Randerson , vice_chancellor = Colin Riordan , students = () , undergrad = () , postgrad = () , other = , city = Cardiff , country = Wales, United Kingdom , coor = , campus = Urban , colours = , mascot = , affiliations = Russell Group EUAUniversities UK GW4 , website cardiff.ac.uk, logo = Cardiff University ( cy, Prifysgol Caerdydd) is a public research university in Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom. It was established in 1883 as the University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnetic Field
A magnetic field is a vector field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials. A moving charge in a magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to its own velocity and to the magnetic field. A permanent magnet's magnetic field pulls on ferromagnetic materials such as iron, and attracts or repels other magnets. In addition, a nonuniform magnetic field exerts minuscule forces on "nonmagnetic" materials by three other magnetic effects: paramagnetism, diamagnetism, and antiferromagnetism, although these forces are usually so small they can only be detected by laboratory equipment. Magnetic fields surround magnetized materials, and are created by electric currents such as those used in electromagnets, and by electric fields varying in time. Since both strength and direction of a magnetic field may vary with location, it is described mathematically by a function assigning a vector to each point of space, cal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flux Density
Flux describes any effect that appears to pass or travel (whether it actually moves or not) through a surface or substance. Flux is a concept in applied mathematics and vector calculus which has many applications to physics. For transport phenomena, flux is a vector quantity, describing the magnitude and direction of the flow of a substance or property. In vector calculus flux is a scalar quantity, defined as the surface integral of the perpendicular component of a vector field over a surface. Terminology The word ''flux'' comes from Latin: ''fluxus'' means "flow", and ''fluere'' is "to flow". As ''fluxion'', this term was introduced into differential calculus by Isaac Newton. The concept of heat flux was a key contribution of Joseph Fourier, in the analysis of heat transfer phenomena. His seminal treatise ''Théorie analytique de la chaleur'' (''The Analytical Theory of Heat''), defines ''fluxion'' as a central quantity and proceeds to derive the now well-known expres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single Sheet Tester
Single may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * Single (music), a song release Songs * "Single" (Natasha Bedingfield song), 2004 * "Single" (New Kids on the Block and Ne-Yo song), 2008 * "Single" (William Wei song), 2016 * "Single", by Meghan Trainor from the album '' Only 17'' Sports * Single (baseball), the most common type of base hit * Single (cricket), point in cricket * Single (football), Canadian football point * Single-speed bicycle Transportation * Single-cylinder engine, an internal combustion engine design with one cylinder, or a motorcycle using such engine * Single (locomotive), a steam locomotive with a single pair of driving wheels * As a verb: to convert a double-track railway to a single-track railway Other uses * Single (mathematics) (1-tuple), a list or sequence with only one element * Single person, a person who is not in a committed relationship * Single precision, a computer numbering format that occupies one storage location in computer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Measurement Uncertainty
In metrology, measurement uncertainty is the expression of the statistical dispersion of the values attributed to a measured quantity. All measurements are subject to uncertainty and a measurement result is complete only when it is accompanied by a statement of the associated uncertainty, such as the standard deviation. By international agreement, this uncertainty has a probabilistic basis and reflects incomplete knowledge of the quantity value. It is a non-negative parameter. The measurement uncertainty is often taken as the standard deviation of a state-of-knowledge probability distribution over the possible values that could be attributed to a measured quantity. Relative uncertainty is the measurement uncertainty relative to the magnitude of a particular single choice for the value for the measured quantity, when this choice is nonzero. This particular single choice is usually called the measured value, which may be optimal in some well-defined sense (e.g., a mean, median, or m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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