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Smocza Jama
Smocza Jama (Polish for "dragon's den") is a limestone cave in the Wawel Hill in Kraków. Owing to its location in the heart of the former Polish capital and its connection to the legendary Wawel Dragon, it is the best known cave in Poland. Morphology Smocza Jama has two entrances, one natural and one artificial — a 19th-century waterwork well. They are connected by three large chambers. A side passage, discovered in 1974, leads under the St. Stanislaus and St. Wenceslaus's Cathedral. In the underground pools lives a rare crustacean troglobiont, '' Niphargus tatrensis'', relict of the Tertiary sea fauna. Smocza Jama has a length of 276 m and a vertical range of 15 m. History 13th century Bishop of Kraków Wincenty Kadłubek wrote in his '' Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae'' that: Smocza Jama was first mentioned on the turn of the 12th century in Wincenty Kadłubek's ''Chronica Polonorum'', which is also the source of the first known version of the Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kraków - Wawel - Smocza Jama - Inside
Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 and has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, economic, cultural and artistic life. Cited as one of Europe's most beautiful cities, its Old Town with Wawel Royal Castle was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978, one of the first 12 sites granted the status. The city has grown from a Stone Age settlement to Poland's second-most-important city. It began as a hamlet on Wawel Hill and was reported by Ibrahim Ibn Yakoub, a merchant from Cordoba, as a busy trading centre of Central Europe in 985. With the establishment of new universities and cultural venues at the emergence of the Second Polish Republic in 1918 and throughout the 20th century, Kraków reaffirmed its role as a major national academic and arti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chronica Seu Originale Regum Et Principum Poloniae
200px, ''Historia Polonica'', Vincenti Kadłubkonis Episcopi Cracoviensis, 1612 ''Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae'', short name ''Chronica Polonorum'', is a Latin history of Poland written by Wincenty Kadłubek between 1190 and 1208 CE. The work was probably commissioned by Casimir II of Poland. Consisting of four books, it describes Polish history. Kadłubek included in his work many legendary and anachronistic events in an attempt to connect Polish history to antiquity, for example battles against Julius Caesar or events from early medieval Poland (for example the story of Princess Wanda). Such practice was not uncommon among chronicles in the Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a .... The first, second, and third books are composed as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caves Of Poland
This article is about the caves of Poland. Geographic distribution Tatra Mountains , there are 843 caves known in the Polish Tatra Mountains with the total length exceeding 134 km. They are within Tatra National Park. All the prominent ones are limestone karst caves of the Western Tatras, but there are also some tectonic caves. The largest and deepest caves of the Tatras (and of Poland) are located in the Czerwone Wierchy and Kominiarski Wierch massifs. Another highly promising region, the massif of Giewont, is largely unexplored due to its strict nature conservation status. * Bańdzioch Kominiarski * Bliźniacza Studnia * Dudnica * Dudowa Studnia * Dziura * Dziura Wyżnia – Jaskinia Lisia * Dziurka w Trawce * Górne Kominy * Jasiowa Dziura * Jaskinia Bystrej * Jaskinia Czarna * Jaskinia Goryczkowa * Jaskinia Kalacka * Jaskinia Kamienne Mleko * Jaskinia Kasprowa Niżnia * Jaskinia Kasprowa Średnia * Jaskinia Kasprowa Wyżnia * Jaskinia Kozia * Jaskinia Lejbusi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Show Caves In Poland
Show or The Show may refer to: Competition, event, or artistic production * Agricultural show, associated with agriculture and animal husbandry * Animal show, a judged event in the hobby of animal fancy ** Cat show ** Dog show ** Horse show ** Specialty show, a dog show which reviews a single breed *Show, an artistic production, such as: ** Concert ** Radio show ** Talk show ** Television show ** Theatre production * Trade fair or trade show Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''The Show'' (1922 film), starring Oliver Hardy * ''The Show'' (1927 film), directed by Tod Browning * ''The Show'' (1995 film), a hip hop documentary * ''The Show'' (2017 film), an American satirical drama * ''The Show'' (2020 film), a British mystery film Album * ''Show'' (The Cure album), 1993 * ''Show'' (The Jesus Lizard album), 1994 * ''The Show'' (album), a 2008 album by eMC Songs * "The Show" (Doug E. Fresh song) * "The Show" (Girls Aloud song) * "The Show" (Lenka song) * "The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limestone Caves
Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms when these minerals precipitate out of water containing dissolved calcium. This can take place through both biological and nonbiological processes, though biological processes, such as the accumulation of corals and shells in the sea, have likely been more important for the last 540 million years. Limestone often contains fossils which provide scientists with information on ancient environments and on the evolution of life. About 20% to 25% of sedimentary rock is carbonate rock, and most of this is limestone. The remaining carbonate rock is mostly dolomite, a closely related rock, which contains a high percentage of the mineral dolomite, . ''Magnesian limestone'' is an obsolete and poorly-defined term used variously for dolomite, for limestone co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culture Of Kraków
Kraków is considered by many to be the Culture of Poland, cultural capital of Poland. It was named the European Capital of Culture by the European Union for the year 2000. The city has some of the best museums in the country and several famous theaters. It became the residence of two Polish Nobel Prize, Nobel laureates in literature: Wisława Szymborska and Czesław Miłosz, while a third Nobel laureate, the Yugoslav writer Ivo Andrić also lived and studied in Krakow. It is also home to one of the world's oldest universities, the Jagiellonian University of Kraków. Museums and national art galleries Kraków has 28 museums as well as a number of art collections and public art galleries. They are separated into the National and City museums: The National Museum, Kraków, National Museum established in 1879, which is the main branch of Poland's National Museum with permanent collections around the country, as well as the National Art Collection on Wawel Hill and the Czartoryski Mus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bronisław Chromy
Bronisław Chromy (June 3, 1925 – October 4, 2017) was a Polish sculptor, medallist, painter, and draughtsman, and a professor at the Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts, Academy of Fine Arts in Cracow. Chromy was a Member of the Polish Academy of Learning. He was born at Leńcze near Lanckorona in 1925, he was educated at the Secondary School of Fine Arts and the Academy of Fine Arts in Cracow, graduating in 1956. He was a student of Xawery Dunikowski. Works: * Wawel Dragon (statue), Wawel Dragon statue References External linksBronislaw Chromy Gallery * 1925 births 2017 deaths 20th-century Polish painters 20th-century Polish male artists 21st-century Polish painters 21st-century male artists Polish draughtsmen Medallists Recipients of the Gold Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis Knights of the Order of Polonia Restituta Officers of the Order of Polonia Restituta 20th-century Polish sculptors Polish male sculptors People from Wadowice County Polish male painters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wawel Dragon (statue)
Wawel Dragon Statue ( pl, Pomnik Smoka Wawelskiego) is a monument at the foot of the Wawel Hill in Kraków, Poland, in front of the Smocza Jama, Wawel Dragon's den, dedicated to the mythical Wawel Dragon. Installed in 1972, the statue is capable of breathing fire on demand. Legend The Wawel Dragon (Polish language, Polish: ''Smok Wawelski'') is a famous dragon in Polish mythology who lived in a cave at the foot of Wawel Hill on the banks of the Vistula River. One of the many popular stories about the dragon takes place in Kraków during the reign of Krakus, King Krakus, the city's mythical founder. In the legend, the dragon terrifies local villagers by destroying their houses and eating up their young daughters. Desperate to solve the problem, King Krakus promises his daughter Wanda's hand to any brave man who can defeat the dragon. A cobbler named Skuba takes up the challenge and stuffs a lamb with sulphur for the dragon to eat. Skuba leaves the lamb near the dragon cave and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wawel
The Wawel Royal Castle (; ''Zamek Królewski na Wawelu'') and the Wawel Hill on which it sits constitute the most historically and culturally significant site in Poland. A fortified residency on the Vistula River in Kraków, it was established on the orders of King Casimir III the Great and enlarged over the centuries into a number of structures around an Italian-styled courtyard. It represents nearly all European architectural styles of the Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque periods. The castle is part of a fortified architectural complex erected atop a limestone outcrop on the left bank of the Vistula River, at an altitude of 228 metres above sea level.Dr. Jan Urban, "Geological foundation of Kraków"retrieved from the Internet Archive, May 21, 2008 The complex consists of numerous buildings of great historical and national importance, including the Wawel Cathedral where Polish monarchs were crowned and buried. Some of Wawel's oldest stone buildings can be traced back to 970 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Andrzej Morsztyn
Jan Andrzej Morsztyn (1621–93) was a Polish poet, member of the landed nobility, and official in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He was '' starosta'' of Zawichost, Tymbark and Kowal. He was also pantler of Sandomierz (1647–58), Royal Secretary (from 1656), a secular referendary (1658–68), and Deputy Crown Treasurer from 1668. Apart from his career at the Polish court, Morsztyn is famous as a leading poet of the Polish Baroque and a prominent representative of Marinist style in Polish literature. Over his lifetime he accumulated considerable wealth. In 1683 he was accused of treason and was forced to emigrate to France. Biography Morsztyn was born 24 July 1621 at Wiśnicz, near Kraków, into a wealthy Calvinist family of coat-of-arms ''Leliwa''. He studied at Leiden University and, with his brother, traveled extensively in Italy and France. After returning to Poland, he became a retainer of the magnate Lubomirski family, and through them became attached to the r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public House
A pub (short for public house) is a kind of drinking establishment which is licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises. The term ''public house'' first appeared in the United Kingdom in late 17th century, and was used to differentiate private houses from those which were, quite literally, open to the public as "alehouses", "taverns" and "inns". By Georgian times, the term had become common parlance, although taverns, as a distinct establishment, had largely ceased to exist by the beginning of the 19th century. Today, there is no strict definition, but CAMRA states a pub has four characteristics:GLA Economics, Closing time: London's public houses, 2017 # is open to the public without membership or residency # serves draught beer or cider without requiring food be consumed # has at least one indoor area not laid out for meals # allows drinks to be bought at a bar (i.e., not only table service) The history of pubs can be traced to Roman taverns in B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
