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Sminthuridae
Sminthuridae is a family of springtails of the order Symphypleona. Sminthurids are commonly referred to as globular springtails. Description Like other Symphypleona, Sminthuridae are globular in shape and have a furcula that allows them to jump. Members of this family have four-segmented antennae in which the basal segment is short and the rest successively increase in length. The terminal antennal segment has about 20 whorls of hairs and is divided into numerous subsegments. Sminthuridae also have well-developed tracheae. The dens has many setae, unlike in Mackenziellidae where it has 3 setae. Females have subanal appendages. Ecology Sminthuridae occur in surface litter layers, on vegetation and in tropical forest canopies. They may be collected using Tullgren funnels or pitfall traps, or by sweeping through grass with a pan. Additionally, Sminthuridae is one of the springtail families that includes species living in freshwater. List of genera Ten genera are placed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Springtail
Springtails (Collembola) form the largest of the three lineages of modern hexapods that are no longer considered insects (the other two are the Protura and Diplura). Although the three orders are sometimes grouped together in a class called Entognatha because they have internal mouthparts, they do not appear to be any more closely related to one another than they are to all insects, which have external mouthparts. Collembolans are omnivorous, free-living organisms that prefer moist conditions. They do not directly engage in the decomposition of organic matter, but contribute to it indirectly through the fragmentation of organic matter and the control of soil microbial communities. The word ''Collembola'' is from the ancient Greek "glue" and "peg"; this name was given due to the existence of the collophore, which was previously thought to stick to surfaces to stabilize the creature. Some DNA sequence studies suggest that Collembola represent a separate evolutionary line fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Symphypleona
The order Symphypleona is one of the three main groups of springtails (Collembola), tiny hexapods related to insects. When the springtails were still believed to be an order of insects, the Symphypleona were ranked as a suborder. They can be best distinguished from the other springtail groups by their body shape. The Symphypleona are very round animals, almost spherical, and usually have long antennae. The Poduromorpha, by contrast, always have short legs and a plump body, but more oval in shape than the Symphypleona. The Entomobryomorpha are the slimmest springtails, some with long and some with short legs and antennae, but always with a very slender body. Systematics The Symphypleona order was previously suggested to also contain family Neelidae, as a very apomorphic relative in the Sminthuridae superfamily. Phylogenetic studies however suggest Neelidae to be the only family of Neelipleona order.Gao, Yan; Bu, Yun & Luan, Yun-Xia (2008): Phylogenetic Relationships of Bas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sminthurus Viridis
''Sminthurus viridis'' is a member of the Collembola, the springtails, an order in the subphylum Hexapoda. The species is known by common names such as clover springtail, lucerne flea, or lucerne earth flea. Common names such as lucerne flea are misleading because, being a member of the Collembola, this species is not even remotely related to the fleas. Calling it a "flea" simply is a reference to its jumping ability and its small size. The species originated in Eurasia, but in particular in Europe. However, it has been spread unintentionally by human agency. It now is present in southern regions of Australia and Tasmania, where it is considered a pest. It also is present in South Africa, New Zealand, and the Americas. Its pest status varies from negligible to severe, depending on local circumstances. Description Like other members of the family Sminthuridae, ''S. viridis'' has a roughly globular body. The species varies in colour, but commonly is patchy bright green or yel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arrhopalites
''Arrhopalites'' is a genus of springtails in the family Sminthuridae. Species * '' Arrhopalites acanthophthalmus'' Broll, G., Merbach, W., & Pfeiffer, E.-M. ''Wetlands in Central Europe: Soil Organisms, Soil Ecological Processes, and Trace Gas Emissions.'' Berlin: Springer, 2002. 45. * '' Arrhopalites buekkensis'' Habel, J.C. ''Relict Species: Phylogeography and Conservation Biology'' Heidelberg, Germany: Springer, 2010. 72. * '' Arrhopalites caecus'' Tullberg, 1871Fjellberg, Anne. ''The Collembola of Fennoscandia and Denmark: Entomobryomorpha and Symphypleona.'' Leiden, Netherlands: Koninklijke-Brill, 2007. 188-192. * '' Arrhopalites cochlearifer'' Gisin, 1947 * '' Arrhopalites dudichii'' * '' Arrhopalites hungaricus'' * '' Arrhopalites ornatus'' * '' Arrhopalites principalis'' Stach, 1945 * '' Arrhopalites pseudoappendices'' Rusek, 1967 * '' Arrhopalites pygmaeus'' (Wankel, 1860) * '' Arrhopalites secundarius'' Gisin, 1958 * '' Arrhopalites sericus'' Gisin, 1947 * '' Arrhop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allacma Fusca
''Allacma fusca'' is a species of springtail. This species is endemic to western areas of Continental Europe and the British Isles, where it lives in the surface layers of the soil in moist habitats such as among leaf litter. Description ''Allacma fusca'' is a large species of springtail with a dark brown globular abdomen; adults reach a length of around . There is often a "snowflake"-like marking on the abdomen, which is most noticeable in paler coloured individuals. The mouthparts are internal, and the head bears a pair of antennae, two groups of eyespots known as "composed eyes" and a pair of small post-antennal organs. The setae (bristles) on the third antennal segment are unequal in length, some being much longer than others, and the fourth antennal segment is divided into sixteen sub-segments. There are three thoracial segments, each bearing a leg, and five abdominal segments. The fourth abdominal segment bears an organ known as a "dens", and at the tip of this is a str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphyrotheca
''Sphyrotheca'' is a genus of globular springtails in the family Sminthuridae. There are seven described species in ''Sphyrotheca''. Species These seven species belong to the genus ''Sphyrotheca'': * ''Sphyrotheca confusa'' Snider, 1978 * ''Sphyrotheca formosana'' Yosii, 1965 * ''Sphyrotheca minnesotensis'' (Guthrie, 1903) * ''Sphyrotheca mirabilis'' (Yosii, 1965) * ''Sphyrotheca mucroserrata'' Snider, 1978 * ''Sphyrotheca multifasciata'' (Reuter, 1881) * ''Sphyrotheca nani'' Christiansen and Bellinger, 1992 i c g Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net References Further reading * Collembola Articles created by Qbugbot Springtail genera {{springtail-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neosminthurus
''Neosminthurus'' is a genus of globular springtails in the family Sminthuridae Sminthuridae is a family of springtails of the order Symphypleona. Sminthurids are commonly referred to as globular springtails. Description Like other Symphypleona, Sminthuridae are globular in shape and have a furcula that allows them to ju ..., found in Central and North America. There are at least 3 described species in ''Neosminthurus''. Species * '' Neosminthurus bakeri'' Snider, 1978 * '' Neosminthurus clavatus'' (Banks, 1897) * '' Neosminthurus richardsi'' Snider, 1978 References External links * Springtail genera {{springtail-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pest (organism)
A pest is any animal or plant harmful to humans or human concerns. The term is particularly used for creatures that damage crops, livestock, and forestry or cause a nuisance to people, especially in their homes. Humans have modified the environment for their own purposes and are intolerant of other creatures occupying the same space when their activities impact adversely on human objectives. Thus, an elephant is unobjectionable in its natural habitat but a pest when it tramples crops. Some animals are disliked because they bite or sting; snakes, wasps, ants, bed bugs, fleas and ticks belong in this category. Others enter the home; these include houseflies, which land on and contaminate food, beetles, which tunnel into the woodwork, and other animals that scuttle about on the floor at night, like cockroaches, which are often associated with unsanitary conditions. Agricultural and horticultural crops are attacked by a wide variety of pests, the most important being insects, mit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Introduced Species
An introduced species, alien species, exotic species, adventive species, immigrant species, foreign species, non-indigenous species, or non-native species is a species living outside its native distributional range, but which has arrived there by human activity, directly or indirectly, and either deliberately or accidentally. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are considered naturalized. The process of human-caused introduction is distinguished from biological colonization, in which species spread to new areas through "natural" (non-human) means such as storms and rafting. The Latin expression neobiota captures the characteristic that these species are ''new'' biota to their environment in terms of established biological network (e.g. food web) relationships. Neobiota can further be divided into neozoa (also: neozoons, sing. neozoon, i.e. animals) and neop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vesicephalus
''Vesicephalus'' is a genus of globular springtails in the family Katiannidae Katiannidae is a family of Collembola Springtails (Collembola) form the largest of the three lineages of modern hexapods that are no longer considered insects (the other two are the Protura and Diplura). Although the three orders are sometime .... There are at least four described species in ''Vesicephalus''. Species These four species belong to the genus ''Vesicephalus'': * '' Vesicephalus crossleyi'' Snider, RJ, 1985 * '' Vesicephalus europaeus'' Ardanaz & Pozo, 1986 * '' Vesicephalus longisetis'' (Guthrie, 1903) * '' Vesicephalus occidentalis'' (Mills, 1935) References Further reading * Collembola Articles created by Qbugbot Springtail genera {{Springtail-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sminthurus
''Sminthurus'' is a genus of springtails described by Pierre André Latreille in 1802. Species These 31 species belong to the genus ''Sminthurus'': * '' Sminthurus adirondackus'' Maynard, 1951 * '' Sminthurus anomalus'' Betsch, 1965 * '' Sminthurus aquaticus'' Bourlet, 1842 * '' Sminthurus argenteornatus'' Banks, 1899 * '' Sminthurus banksi'' Christiansen and Bellinger, 1981 * '' Sminthurus bivittatus'' Snider, RJ, 1985 * '' Sminthurus bourgeoisi'' Nayrolles, 1995 * '' Sminthurus bozoulensis'' Nayrolles, 1995 * '' Sminthurus butcheri'' Snider, 1969 * '' Sminthurus carolinensis'' Snider, RJ, 1981 * '' Sminthurus coeruleus'' Strebel, 1938 * '' Sminthurus eiseni'' Schott, 1891 * '' Sminthurus fischeri'' Snider, RJ, 1982 * '' Sminthurus fitchi'' Folsom, 1896 * '' Sminthurus floridanus'' MacGillivray, 1893 * '' Sminthurus hispanicus'' Nayrolles, 1995 * '' Sminthurus hortensis'' Fitch, 1863 * '' Sminthurus incisus'' Snider, 1978 * '' Sminthurus leucomelanus'' Nayrolles, 1995 * '' Smi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sminthurides
''Sminthurides'' is a genus of globular springtails in the family Sminthurididae. There are more than 30 described species in ''Sminthurides''. Species These 32 species belong to the genus ''Sminthurides'': * ''Sminthurides annulicornis'' Axelson, 1905 * ''Sminthurides aquatica'' (Bourlet, 1843) * ''Sminthurides aquaticus'' (Bourlet, 1843) (water springtail) * ''Sminthurides armatus'' Bretfeld, 2000 * ''Sminthurides assimilis'' (Krausbauer, 1898) * ''Sminthurides aureolus'' Maynard, 1951 * ''Sminthurides bifidus'' Mills, 1934 * ''Sminthurides biniserratus'' (Salmon, 1951) * ''Sminthurides cruciatus'' Axelson, 1905 * ''Sminthurides globocerus'' Folsom & Mills, 1938 * ''Sminthurides hyogramme'' Pedigo, 1966 * ''Sminthurides inaequalis'' Borner, 1903 * ''Sminthurides inequalis'' * ''Sminthurides lepus'' Mills, 1934 * ''Sminthurides lolelua'' Christiansen & Bellinger, 1992 * ''Sminthurides macnamarai'' Folsom & Mills, 1938 * ''Sminthurides malmgreni'' (Tullberg, 1877) * ''Sminthurid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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