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Smilets
Smilets ( bg, Смилец) reigned as tsar of Bulgaria from 1292 to 1298. Life Although Smilets is credited with being descended "from the noblest family of the Bulgarians", his antecedents are completely unknown. Judging by the landholdings of Smilets’ brothers Radoslav and Vojsil, the family held extensive lands between the Balkan mountains and Sredna Gora. Before ascending the throne replacing George I in 1292, Smilets had married daughter of the ''sebastokratōr'' Constantine Palaiologos, a half-brother of Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos. Apart from the information that Smilets became emperor of Bulgaria according to the wishes of Nogai Khan, we know nothing of the circumstances of Smilec's accession. Smilets was crowned by Patriarch Joachim III. Joachim was executed for treason in 1300 by emperor Theodore Svetoslav, George I's son, and historian John Van Antwerp Fine Jr. theorizes that the alleged treachery might be linked to the obscure period when Smilets overthrew G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marina Smilets Of Bulgaria
Marina Smilets ( bg, Марина Смилец, before 1292 – 7 April 1355) was the eldest daughter of tsar Smilets of Bulgaria and his Byzantine wife, tentatively called Smiltsena Palaiologina. Family The date and the place of Marina's birth are unknown, but she was born before her father's ascension on the Bulgarian throne in 1292, maybe in his official residence in Kran. Marina's mother was the daughter of Constantine Palaiologos (half-brother of Michael VIII). In the histories she was called Smiltsena (Bulgarian: Смилцена; ''the wife of Smilets''), without a name being given. Marina was the elder sister of tsar Ivan II of Bulgaria and Teodora, queen-consort of Serbia. Marina was maternal aunt of Emperor Stefan Dušan. Despotissa of Kran Tsar Smilets died in 1298 and Ivan II of Bulgaria succeeded him as emperor in Tarnovo. The new tsar was a child, and the government was in the hands of the widowed empress Smiltsena. Marina's mother apparently defeated Smilets ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan II Of Bulgaria
Ivan II ( bg, Иван II, or Йоан II, ''Ioan II'', also styled inconsistently ''Ivan IV'' or ''Ioan IV''), reigned as tsar of Bulgaria from 1298 to 1299. The date of his birth is unknown, but probably not much earlier than c. 1290. He died as a monk in exile before 1330. Ivan II succeeded his father Smilets as emperor in Tărnovo in 1298. The new ruler was a child, and the government was in the hands of his mother, the unnamed daughter of ''sebastocrator'' Constantine Palaiologos and niece of Michael VIII Palaiologos called simply " Smiltsena" ("wife of Smilets"). The widowed empress defeated Smilets' brothers Radoslav and Voysil (Vojsil), who sought refuge in the Byzantine Empire and entered into Byzantine service. To meet this threat and the invasion of the Mongol prince Chaka, Ivan II's mother sought an alliance with Aldimir (Eltimir), the brother of the former ruler George Terter I. Aldimir was accordingly married to Smilets' daughter Marina (Marija) and, if this had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smiltsena Palaiologina
Smiltsena ( bg, Смилцена) was the niece of Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos, and empress-consort (tsaritsa) of Tsar Smilets of Bulgaria. Empress consort of Bulgaria Smiltsena was the daughter of sebastocrator Constantine Palaiologos, who was a half-brother of Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos, and his wife Irene Komnene Laskarina Branaina. In the histories she was called just Smiltsena ( bg, жената на Смилец, lit=the wife of Smilets), without a name being given. Smilets ascended the throne of Bulgaria in 1292 and the new ''tsaritsa'' moved from her husband's provincial residence into the royal palace in Tarnovo. Regent of Bulgaria Her husband died in 1298 and was succeeded by their son Ivan II and Smiltsena took over the government as tsarina-regent because Ivan was still a child at the time. The widowed empress apparently defeated Smilets' brothers Radoslav and Voysil (Vojsil), who sought refuge in the Byzantine Empire and entered into Byz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smilets Dynasty
Smilets dynasty was an imperial house of Bulgaria. It is one of the smallest royal houses. It was founded by Tsar Smilets of Bulgaria. Members * Smilets of Bulgaria – his parentage is unknown, but he was of noble birth and had two brothers *Smiltsena Palaiologina – wife of Smilets *Marina Smilets of Bulgaria – daughter of Smilets and Smiltsena *Teodora of Bulgaria, Queen of Serbia – daughter of Smilets and Smiltsena *Ivan II of Bulgaria Ivan II ( bg, Иван II, or Йоан II, ''Ioan II'', also styled inconsistently ''Ivan IV'' or ''Ioan IV''), reigned as tsar of Bulgaria from 1298 to 1299. The date of his birth is unknown, but probably not much earlier than c. 1290. He died ... – son of Smilets and SmiltsenaPachymeres Vol. II, ''Andronicus Palæologus'', Liber V, 18, str. 406, and Liber VI, 35, str. 559. Notes {{Royal houses of Bulgaria Bulgarian noble families 13th century in Bulgaria 14th century in Bulgaria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smilets Point
Smilets Point ( bg, нос Смилец, ‘Nos Smilets’ \'nos smi-'lets\) is the rocky point on the southwest side of the entrance to Hall Cove, at the northeast end of Lambreva Beach, projecting 500 m north-northwestwards from the northwest coast of Nelson Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers. The point is named after Czar Smilets of Bulgaria, 1292–1298. Location Smilets Point is located at , which is 5.24 km northeast of Harmony Point and 2.85 km southwest of Retamales Point. British mapping in 1968. Maps Livingston Island to King George Island. Scale 1:200000. Admiralty Nautical Chart 1776. Taunton: UK Hydrographic Office, 1968. South Shetland Islands.Scale 1:200000 topographic map No. 3373. DOS 610 - W 62 58. Tolworth, UK, 1968. Antarctic Digital Database (ADD).Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joachim III Of Bulgaria
Joachim III ( bg, Йоаким III) was the Patriarch of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church between c. 1282 and 1300, when the Second Bulgarian Empire reached its lowest point of decline during the reign of the emperors George Terter I, Smilets and Chaka. He was executed for treason by emperor Theodore Svetoslav in 1300. The Church did not recognize his guilt and his name was included in the list of Bulgarian Patriarchs in the '' Book of Boril''. His seat was Tarnovo, the capital of Bulgaria. Early career Between 1272 and 1274 Joachim was included in the Bulgarian delegation that visited Constantinople to discuss the proposal of Pope Gregory X to the Byzantine emperor Michael VIII Palaeologus to end the Great Schism that divided the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church since 1054. In Constantinople Joachim established contacts with the future Pope Nicholas IV, the leader of the western delegation, and it is likely that initially he was inclined to support a un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsar Of Bulgaria
The monarchs of Bulgaria ruled the country during three periods of Bulgaria's history as an independent country: from the establishment of the First Bulgarian Empire in 681 to the Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria in 1018; from the Uprising of Asen and Peter that established the Second Bulgarian Empire in 1185 to the annexation of the rump Bulgarian state into the Ottoman Empire in 1396; and from the re-establishment of an independent Principality of Bulgaria in 1878 to the abolition of monarchy in a referendum held on 15 September 1946. This list does not include the mythical Bulgar rulers and the rulers of Old Great Bulgaria listed in the Nominalia of the Bulgarian rulers, as well as unsuccessful claimants to the throne who are not generally listed among the Bulgarian monarchs, neither rulers of Volga Bulgaria, or other famous Bulgarian rulers as Kuber or Alcek. Early Bulgarian rulers possibly used the title ''Kanasubigi'' (possibly related to Knyaz, Khan) before the 7th ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teodora Of Bulgaria, Queen Of Serbia
Theodora of Bulgaria (Bulgarian and sr, Теодора) was a Bulgarian princess and Queen consort of Serbia, the first wife of Stefan Dečanski. Teodora was the second daughter of Tsar Smilets of Bulgaria and Smiltsena Palaiologina. Teodora is best remembered as a patron of the Arts, Music and Literature. Among her heirloom, one of the most famous rings from the fourteenth century was found, now on display in the National Museum in Belgrade. That golden ring has the carved inscription: "May the Lord help the one who wears it."Jovan Janićijević''The cultural treasury of Serbia'' IDEA Books, 1998 - History, pp. 249 Queenship Teodora married Serbian crown prince (later king) Stefan Uroš III (called ''Dečanski'') on 24 August 1296. They had two children: future Tsar (Emperor) Stefan Dušan and Dušica. In 1314 her husband's father Stefan Milutin quarreled with Stefan, and sent him to Constantinople to be blinded. Teodora and the family went with him and established a household ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsar Of Bulgaria
The monarchs of Bulgaria ruled the country during three periods of Bulgaria's history as an independent country: from the establishment of the First Bulgarian Empire in 681 to the Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria in 1018; from the Uprising of Asen and Peter that established the Second Bulgarian Empire in 1185 to the annexation of the rump Bulgarian state into the Ottoman Empire in 1396; and from the re-establishment of an independent Principality of Bulgaria in 1878 to the abolition of monarchy in a referendum held on 15 September 1946. This list does not include the mythical Bulgar rulers and the rulers of Old Great Bulgaria listed in the Nominalia of the Bulgarian rulers, as well as unsuccessful claimants to the throne who are not generally listed among the Bulgarian monarchs, neither rulers of Volga Bulgaria, or other famous Bulgarian rulers as Kuber or Alcek. Early Bulgarian rulers possibly used the title ''Kanasubigi'' (possibly related to Knyaz, Khan) before the 7th ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodora Smilets Of Bulgaria
Theodora of Bulgaria (Bulgarian and sr, Теодора) was a Bulgarian princess and Queen consort of Serbia, the first wife of Stefan Dečanski. Teodora was the second daughter of Tsar Smilets of Bulgaria and Smiltsena Palaiologina. Teodora is best remembered as a patron of the Arts, Music and Literature. Among her heirloom, one of the most famous rings from the fourteenth century was found, now on display in the National Museum in Belgrade. That golden ring has the carved inscription: "May the Lord help the one who wears it."Jovan Janićijević''The cultural treasury of Serbia'' IDEA Books, 1998 - History, pp. 249 Queenship Teodora married Serbian crown prince (later king) Stefan Uroš III (called ''Dečanski'') on 24 August 1296. They had two children: future Tsar (Emperor) Stefan Dušan and Dušica. In 1314 her husband's father Stefan Milutin quarreled with Stefan, and sent him to Constantinople to be blinded. Teodora and the family went with him and established a household ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefan Dušan
Stefan Uroš IV Dušan ( sr-Cyrl, Стефан Урош IV Душан, ), known as Dušan the Mighty ( sr, / ; circa 1308 – 20 December 1355), was the King of Serbia from 8 September 1331 and Tsar (or Emperor) and autocrat of the Serbs, Greeks (or Romans), Albanians and Bulgarians from 16 April 1346 until his death in 1355. Dušan conquered a large part of southeast Europe, becoming one of the most powerful monarchs of the era. Under Dušan's rule, Serbia was the major power in the Balkans, and an Eastern Orthodox multi-ethnic and multi-lingual empire that stretched from the Danube in the north to the Gulf of Corinth in the south, with its capital in Skopje. He enacted the constitution of the Serbian Empire, known as Dušan's Code, perhaps the most important literary work of medieval Serbia. Dušan promoted the Serbian Church from an archbishopric to a patriarchate, finished the construction of the Visoki Dečani Monastery (now a UNESCO site), and founded the monastery of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George I Of Bulgaria
George Terter I ( bg, Георги Тертер I), of the Terter dynasty ruled as tsar of Bulgaria 1280–1292. He was born in Cherven. The date of his birth is unknown, and he died in 1308/1309. Early life The antecedents of George Terter I are unclear, but the Byzantine sources testify that he was of Bulgarian and Cuman descent, something corroborated by his double name, which recalls the name of the Cuman clan Terteroba. George Terter I had at least one brother, named Aldimir (Eltimir), who was made a despot by either his older brother or by the regency for Ivan II. When Ivan Asen III became emperor at Tărnovo in 1279 during the Uprising of Ivaylo, he sought to strengthen his position by allying himself with George Terter. The latter divorced his wife Maria, who was sent, together with their son, Theodore Svetoslav, as a hostage to the Byzantine Empire, in order for George to marry Kira Maria, sister of Ivan Asen III. George Terter was accordingly made a despot, the highe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
