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Smear Frames
In animation, smear frames are animation frames that create the illusion of motion blur. Smear frames are used in between key frames. This animation technique has been used since the 1940s. Smear frames are used to stylistically visualize fast movement along a path of motion.Drury, Matthew R., "Creating 3D Smear Frames for Animation" (2016). ''Undergraduate Honors Theses.'' Paper 348. https://dc.etsu.edu/ honors/348 History The earliest, most notable use of smear frames was in the 1942 film The Dover Boys at Pimento University. The nature of smear frames helped to reduce production costs of other motion blur techniques used in earlier cartoons. Developed for 2D animation, smear frames did not evolve much even with the emergence of CG animated films in the 1990s. The more sophisticated, rigged style of animation for CG films was not conducive to smear frames at the time. The earliest most notable use of recognized smear frames in a CG film was 2012’s Hotel Transylvania in whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animation
Animation is a method by which image, still figures are manipulated to appear as Motion picture, moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent cel, celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Today, most animations are made with computer-generated imagery (CGI). Computer animation can be very detailed Computer animation#Animation methods, 3D animation, while Traditional animation#Computers and traditional animation, 2D computer animation (which may have the look of traditional animation) can be used for stylistic reasons, low bandwidth, or faster real-time renderings. Other common animation methods apply a stop motion technique to two- and three-dimensional objects like cutout animation, paper cutouts, puppets, or Clay animation, clay figures. A cartoon is an animated film, usually a short film, featuring an cartoon, exaggerated visual style. The style takes inspiration from comic strips, often featuring anthropomorphi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ParaNorman
''ParaNorman'' is a 2012 American stop-motion animated comedy horror film directed by Sam Fell and Chris Butler (the latter's feature directorial debut), and written by Butler. Produced by Laika, the film stars the voices of Kodi Smit-McPhee, Jodelle Ferland, Bernard Hill, Tucker Albrizzi, Anna Kendrick, Casey Affleck, Christopher Mintz-Plasse, Leslie Mann, Jeff Garlin, Elaine Stritch, Tempestt Bledsoe, Alex Borstein, and John Goodman. It is the first stop-motion film to use a 3D color printer to create character faces, and only the second to be shot in 3D. In the film, Norman Babcock, a young boy who can communicate with ghosts, is given the task of ending a 300-year-old witch's curse on his Massachusetts town. The idea of ''ParaNorman'' came from Buter, who thought making such a movie for kids could help express the challenges kids face growing up, after realizing that zombie films often contained a degree of social commentary. Production of the stop-motion animation feat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Motion Blur
Motion blur is the apparent streaking of moving objects in a photograph or a sequence of frames, such as a film or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single exposure, due to rapid movement or long exposure. Usages / Effects of motion blur Photography When a camera creates an image, that image does not represent a single instant of time. Because of technological constraints or artistic requirements, the image may represent the scene over a period of time. Most often this exposure time is brief enough that the image captured by the camera appears to capture an instantaneous moment, but this is not always so, and a fast moving object or a longer exposure time may result in blurring artifacts which make this apparent. As objects in a scene move, an image of that scene must represent an integration of all positions of those objects, as well as the camera's viewpoint, over the period of exposure determined by the shutter speed. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morphing
Morphing is a special effect in motion pictures and animations that changes (or morphs) one image or shape into another through a seamless transition. Traditionally such a depiction would be achieved through dissolving techniques on film. Since the early 1990s, this has been replaced by computer software to create more realistic transitions. A similar method is applied to audio recordings, for example, by changing voices or vocal lines. Early transformation techniques Long before digital morphing, several techniques were used for similar image transformations. Some of those techniques are closer to a matched dissolve - a gradual change between two pictures without warping the shapes in the images - while others did change the shapes in between the start and end phases of the transformation. Tabula scalata Known since at least the end of the 16th century, Tabula scalata is a type of painting with two images divided over a corrugated surface. Each image is only correctly visible ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inbetweening
Inbetweening, also known as tweening, is a process in animation that involves creating intermediate Film frame, frames, called inbetweens, between two key frame, keyframes. The intended result is to create the illusion of movement by smoothly transitioning one image into another. Traditional animation Traditional inbetweening involves the use of a light table to draw a set of pencil and paper drawings. The process of inbetweening in traditional animation starts with a primary artist, who draws key frames to define movement. After the testing and approval of a rough animation, the scene is passed down to assistants, who perform Cleanup (animation), clean-up and add necessary inbetweening. In large studios, assistants usually add breakdowns, which define the movement in more detail. The scene is then passed down to another assistant, the inbetweener who completes the animation. In small animation teams, animators will often carry out the full inbetweening process themselves. Dick H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Precursor Legacy
''Jak and Daxter: The Precursor Legacy'' is a 2001 platform video game developed by Naughty Dog and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the Sony PlayStation 2 on December 3, 2001, as the first game of the ''Jak and Daxter'' series. The game follows the protagonist, a young teenager named Jak, as he tries to help his friend Daxter after he is transformed into an ''ottsel'', a fictional hybrid of an otter and a weasel. With the help of Samos the Sage, a master of the mysterious energy called 'Eco' created by an ancient race known as the Precursors, the pair learn that they must save their world from the rogue sages Gol and Maia Acheron, who plan to flood the world with "Dark Eco", a mysterious substance which corrupts all it touches. The game offers a large range of missions, collectibles and objectives often in the form of minigames which provide a variety of gameplay experiences, as well as puzzles and platforming stages which are completed by the player to proceed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crash Bandicoot (video Game)
''Crash Bandicoot'' is a 1996 platform video game developed by Naughty Dog and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation. The game's premise chronicles the creation of the titular Crash, a bandicoot who has been uplifted by the mad scientist Doctor Neo Cortex. The story follows Crash as he aims to prevent Cortex's plans for world domination and rescue his girlfriend Tawna, a female bandicoot also created by Cortex. The game is played from a third-person perspective in which the camera trails behind Crash, though some levels showcase forward-scrolling and side-scrolling perspectives. After accepting a publishing deal from Universal Interactive Studios, Naughty Dog co-founders Andy Gavin and Jason Rubin set a goal to create a character-based action-platform game from a three-dimensional perspective, having observed the graphical trend in video games during a cross-country road trip. Upon meeting, Naughty Dog and Universal Interactive chose to develop the game ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sonic The Hedgehog (1991 Video Game)
is a 1991 platform game developed by Sonic Team and published by Sega for the Sega Genesis. The first game in the ''Sonic the Hedgehog'' franchise, it was released in North America on June 23 and in PAL regions and Japan the following month. Players control Sonic the Hedgehog, who can run at supersonic speeds; Sonic sets out on a quest to defeat Dr. Robotnik, a scientist who has imprisoned animals in robots and seeks the powerful Chaos Emeralds. The gameplay involves collecting rings as a form of health, and a simple control scheme, with jumping and attacking controlled by a single button. Development began in 1990 when Sega ordered its developers to create a game featuring a mascot for the company. The developers decided on a blue hedgehog and named themselves Sonic Team to match their character. ''Sonic the Hedgehog'', designed for fast gameplay, was influenced by games by ''Super Mario'' series creator Shigeru Miyamoto. It uses a novel technique that allows Sonic's sprite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wallace And Gromit
''Wallace & Gromit'' is a British stop-motion comedy franchise created by Nick Park of Aardman Animations. The series consists of four short films and one feature-length film, and has spawned numerous spin-offs and TV adaptations. The series centres on Wallace, a good-natured, eccentric, cheese-loving inventor, and Gromit, his loyal and intelligent anthropomorphic beagle. The first short film, '' A Grand Day Out'', was finished and made public in 1989. Wallace was voiced by actors Peter Sallis and Ben Whitehead. Gromit is largely silent and has no dialogue, communicating through facial expressions and body language. Because of their widespread popularity, the characters have been described as positive international cultural icons of both modern British culture and British people in general. BBC News called them "some of the best-known and best-loved stars to come out of the UK". [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Into The Spider-Verse
''Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse'' is a 2018 American computer-animated superhero film featuring the Marvel Comics character Miles Morales / Spider-Man, produced by Columbia Pictures and Sony Pictures Animation in association with Marvel Entertainment. Distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing, it is the first animated film in the ''Spider-Man'' franchise. Directed by Bob Persichetti, Peter Ramsey, and Rodney Rothman (in Persichetti and Rothman's feature directorial debuts) from a screenplay by Phil Lord and Rothman, it stars Shameik Moore as Morales, alongside the voices of Jake Johnson, Hailee Steinfeld, Mahershala Ali, Brian Tyree Henry, Lily Tomlin, Luna Lauren Vélez, John Mulaney, Kimiko Glenn, Nicolas Cage, and Liev Schreiber. The film's story follows Miles Morales as he becomes the new Spider-Man and joins other Spider-People from various parallel universes to save his universe from Kingpin. Plans for an animated Spider-Man film by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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