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Siri Rathsman
Siri Lovisa Rathsman (July 28, 1895 – July 30, 1974) was a Swedish Surrealism, surrealist artist, Printmaking, printmaker, painter, Ceramic art, ceramicist, and journalist who spent much of her life in Paris. She was born in Sundsvall, Sweden and died in the Brännkyrka parish of Stockholm. Early life and education Siri Rathsman was the daughter of Richard Christoffer Rathsman and Kristina (Kerstin) Lovisa Jacobson. She received a formal painting from 1913-1915 education at the Wilhelmson painting school under the tutelage of Carl Wilhelmson where she befriended artists such as Kurt Jungstedt. She continued her studies at the Valand Academy of the Arts, which was then known as Gothenburg University, Gothenburg University's drawing and painting school. There, she was taught by Birger Simonsson. She was trained in figurative and objective art. Her oeuvre, however, evolved to feature non-figurative art. During her twenties she moved to Paris, where she spent much of her life. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siri Rathsman
Siri Lovisa Rathsman (July 28, 1895 – July 30, 1974) was a Swedish Surrealism, surrealist artist, Printmaking, printmaker, painter, Ceramic art, ceramicist, and journalist who spent much of her life in Paris. She was born in Sundsvall, Sweden and died in the Brännkyrka parish of Stockholm. Early life and education Siri Rathsman was the daughter of Richard Christoffer Rathsman and Kristina (Kerstin) Lovisa Jacobson. She received a formal painting from 1913-1915 education at the Wilhelmson painting school under the tutelage of Carl Wilhelmson where she befriended artists such as Kurt Jungstedt. She continued her studies at the Valand Academy of the Arts, which was then known as Gothenburg University, Gothenburg University's drawing and painting school. There, she was taught by Birger Simonsson. She was trained in figurative and objective art. Her oeuvre, however, evolved to feature non-figurative art. During her twenties she moved to Paris, where she spent much of her life. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atelier 17
Atelier 17 was an art school and studio that was influential in the teaching and promotion of printmaking in the 20th century. Originally located in Paris, the studio relocated to New York during the years surrounding World War II. It moved back to Paris in 1950. History The Atelier 17 studio was formed as an experimental workshop for the graphic arts in Paris, France in 1927 by Stanley William Hayter (1901–1988). The studio was known for its collaborative atmosphere, with artists sharing ideas on technique and aesthetics. The studio was located at 17 rue Campagne-Première in Paris. By 1940 the studio's founder, Hayter, left Paris as World War II was starting. He moved to New York City and reopened his Atelier 17 studio there. Originally connected to the New School, by 1945 the studio was located as East 8th Street. The studio attracted many European artists who had fled from Europe and also introduced American artists to fine art printmaking. Hayter moved his studio back to P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yves Tanguy
Raymond Georges Yves Tanguy (January 5, 1900 – January 15, 1955), known as just Yves Tanguy (, ), was a French surrealist painter. Biography Tanguy, the son of a retired navy captain, was born January 5, 1900, at the Ministry of Naval Affairs on Place de la Concorde in Paris, France. His parents were both of Breton origin. After his father's death in 1908, his mother moved back to her native Locronan, Finistère, and he ended up spending much of his youth living with various relatives. In 1918, Tanguy briefly joined the merchant navy before being drafted into the Army, where he befriended Jacques Prévert. At the end of his military service in 1922, he returned to Paris, where he worked various odd jobs. He stumbled upon a painting by Giorgio de Chirico and was so deeply impressed he resolved to become a painter himself in spite of his complete lack of formal training. Tanguy had a habit of being completely absorbed by the current painting he was working on. This way of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Ernst
Max Ernst (2 April 1891 – 1 April 1976) was a German (naturalised American in 1948 and French in 1958) painter, sculptor, printmaker, graphic artist, and poet. A prolific artist, Ernst was a primary pioneer of the Dada movement and Surrealism in Europe. He had no formal artistic training, but his experimental attitude toward the making of art resulted in his invention of frottage (surrealist technique), frottage—a technique that uses pencil rubbings of textured objects and relief surfaces to create images—and Grattage (art), grattage, an analogous technique in which paint is scraped across canvas to reveal the imprints of the objects placed beneath. Ernst is noted for his unconventional drawing methods as well as for creating novels and pamphlets using the method of collages. He served as a soldier for four years during World War I, and this experience left him shocked, traumatised and critical of the modern world. During World War II he was designated an "undesirable forei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vichy
Vichy (, ; ; oc, Vichèi, link=no, ) is a city in the Allier department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of central France, in the historic province of Bourbonnais. It is a spa and resort town and in World War II was the capital of Vichy France from 1940 to 1944. The term ''Vichyste'' indicated collaboration with the Vichy regime, often carrying a pejorative connotation. In 2021, the town became part of the transnational UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name " Great Spa Towns of Europe" because of its famous baths and its architectural testimony to the popularity of spa towns in Europe from the 18th through 20th centuries. Name Vichy is the French form of the Occitan name of the town, ', of uncertain etymology. Dauzat & al. have proposed that it derived from an unattested Latin name (') referencing the most important regional landowner (presumably a "Vippius") during the time of the Roman emperor Diocletian's administrative reorganizations and land surveys ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was the German Reich, German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a dictatorship. Under Hitler's rule, Germany quickly became a totalitarian state where nearly all aspects of life were controlled by the government. The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", alluded to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918). The Third Reich, which Hitler and the Nazis referred to as the Thousand-Year Reich, ended in May 1945 after just 12 years when the Allies of World War II, Allies defeated Germany, End of World War II in Europe, ending World War II in Europe. On 30 January 1933, H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torgny Segerstedt
Torgny Karl Segerstedt (1 November 1876 – 31 March 1945) was a Swedish professor and scholar of comparative religion, who later became editor-in-chief of the newspaper ''Göteborgs Handels- och Sjöfartstidning''. He is most remembered for his uncompromising anti- Nazi stance and his efforts to alert the Swedish public to the threat of Fascism during the 1930s. Biography Torgny Segerstedt was born at Karlstad in Värmland County, Sweden. He was the son of the teacher and publicist Albrekt Segerstedt (1844–1894) and Fredrika Sofia Bohman (died 1884). He earned a cand.theol. degree from Lund University in 1901 and in 1903 he became a lecturer in the history of religion. He was a lecturer in theological encyclopedics at Lund University from 1904 to 1912. He was awarded a doctor of theology in 1912. He was professor in the history of religions at Stockholm University from 1913 to 1917. Torgny Segerstedt was editor-in-chief of the Gothenburg newspaper ''Göteborgs Handels- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Göteborgs Handels- Och Sjöfartstidning
''Göteborgs Handels- och Sjöfartstidning'' (''GHT'') was a daily newspaper published in Gothenburg, Sweden, from 1832 to 1985. History and profile ''GHT'' was founded in 1832 by publisher Magnus Prytz and had a liberal alignment from the later part of the 19th century after Sven Adolf Hedlund became editor in 1852.John SolheimGöteborgs Handels- och Sjöfarts-Tidning ''Store norske leksikon The ''Great Norwegian Encyclopedia'' ( no, Store Norske Leksikon, abbreviated ''SNL''), is a Norwegian-language online encyclopedia. The online encyclopedia is among the most-read Norwegian published sites, with more than two million unique vis ...'', Retrieved 30 June 2013 The author Viktor Rydberg worked for the newspaper and several of his novels were published as series in the paper. During World War II, ''GHT'' was one of few Swedish newspapers that held a decidedly anti- Nazi profile, which made its editor-in-chief (since 1917) Torgny Segerstedt a controversial figure in neut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Relativity
General relativity, also known as the general theory of relativity and Einstein's theory of gravity, is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915 and is the current description of gravitation in modern physics. General relativity generalizes special relativity and refines Newton's law of universal gravitation, providing a unified description of gravity as a geometric property of space and time or four-dimensional spacetime. In particular, the ' is directly related to the energy and momentum of whatever matter and radiation are present. The relation is specified by the Einstein field equations, a system of second order partial differential equations. Newton's law of universal gravitation, which describes classical gravity, can be seen as a prediction of general relativity for the almost flat spacetime geometry around stationary mass distributions. Some predictions of general relativity, however, are beyond Newton's law of universal gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein ( ; ; 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist, widely acknowledged to be one of the greatest and most influential physicists of all time. Einstein is best known for developing the theory of relativity, but he also made important contributions to the development of the theory of quantum mechanics. Relativity and quantum mechanics are the two pillars of modern physics. His mass–energy equivalence formula , which arises from relativity theory, has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation". His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science. He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect", a pivotal step in the development of quantum theory. His intellectual achievements and originality resulted in "Einstein" becoming synonymous with "genius". In 1905, a year sometimes described as his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Sirato
Charles Sirato (26 January 1905, in Újvidék – 1 January 1980, in Budapest) was a Hungarian poet, art theorist, and translator. He most famously authored the Dimensionist manifesto. Life Pre-1930 Dimensionist manifesto In 1936 in Paris, Charles Tamkó Sirató published his ''Manifeste Dimensioniste'', which described how The manifesto was signed by many prominent modern artists worldwide. Yervand Kochar, Hans Arp, Francis Picabia, Kandinsky, Robert Delaunay and Marcel Duchamp amongst others added their names in Paris, then a short while later it was endorsed by artists abroad including László Moholy-Nagy, Joan Miró, David Kakabadze, Alexander Calder, and Ben Nicholson Benjamin Lauder Nicholson, OM (10 April 1894 – 6 February 1982) was an English painter of abstract compositions (sometimes in low relief), landscape and still-life. Background and training Nicholson was born on 10 April 1894 in Den .... List of works Literature *''Manifeste Dimensionist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surrealist Automatism
Surrealist automatism is a method of art-making in which the artist suppresses conscious control over the making process, allowing the unconscious mind to have great sway. Early 20th-century Dadaists, such as Hans Arp, made some use of this method through chance operations. Surrealist artists, most notably André Masson, adapted to art the automatic writing method of André Breton and Philippe Soupault who composed with it '' Les Champs Magnétiques'' (The Magnetic Fields) in 1919.Chilvers, Ian and Glaves-Smith, John, ''A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art'', second edition (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2009), p. 45-46. . ''The Automatic Message'' (1933) was one of Breton's significant theoretical works about automatism. Origins Automatism has taken on many forms: the automatic writing and drawing initially (and still to this day) explored by the surrealists can be compared to similar or parallel phenomena, such as the non-idiomatic improvisation. "Psychic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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