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Sir Archibald Gordon Kinloch, 7th Baronet
Sir Archibald Gordon Kinloch of Gilmerton ( – 1800) was a Scottish baronet who, in one of the most celebrated cases in late 18th century Britain, murdered his elder brother, Sir Francis Kinloch, 6th baronet of Gilmerton. In the approach to the tragic events (and during the trial) he was known by his military title of Major Alexander Gordon Kinloch (close acquaintances call him Major Gordon). Through the greatest of ironies, due to the murder, Kinloch was thereafter entitled "Sir". Although the term is not used during his trial, it is one of the first recorded instances of diminished responsibility due to mental instability. The case also set parameters for the use and validity of notes taken by witnesses in use as testimony. He therefore became a baronet on 16 April 1795 the day of his victim's death. The entirety of his baronetcy was spent either in prison or under house arrest, neither being a barrier to his legal rights to the title of Baronet. His trial included many promin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Old Tolbooth
''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with pronouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers. Pronunciation In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as (with the voiced dental fricative followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as (homophone of pronoun ''thee'') when followed by a v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laudanum
Laudanum is a tincture of opium containing approximately 10% powdered opium by weight (the equivalent of 1% morphine). Laudanum is prepared by dissolving extracts from the opium poppy (''Papaver somniferum Linnaeus'') in alcohol (ethanol). Reddish-brown in color and extremely bitter, laudanum contains several opium alkaloids, including morphine and codeine. Laudanum was historically used to treat a variety of conditions, but its principal use was as a pain medication and cough suppressant. Until the early 20th century, laudanum was sold without a prescription and was a constituent of many patent medicines. Today, laudanum is recognized as addictive and is strictly regulated and controlled as such throughout most of the world. The United States Controlled Substances Act, for one example, lists it on Schedule II, the second strictest category. Laudanum is known as a "whole opium" preparation since it historically contained all the alkaloids found in the opium poppy, which are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Blair, Lord Avontoun
Robert Blair of Avontoun FRSE (1741–1811) was a Scottish advocate and judge who served as Solicitor General for Scotland from 1789 to 1806, Dean of the Faculty of Advocates from 1801 to 1808, and Lord President of the Court of Session from 1808 to his death. Life He was the third son of Rev Robert Blair, the poet and Isabella Law, his wife, the daughter of Mr. William Law of Elvingston, East Lothian. He was born in 1741 at the manse in Athelstaneford, where his father was the minister. Young Blair commenced his education at the grammar school at Haddington, where he formed a friendship with Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville, which only ended with their lives. From Haddington he was removed to the high school at Edinburgh, and thence was transferred to the University of Edinburgh. In 1764, he was admitted a member of the Faculty of Advocates, and soon obtained a considerable practice at the bar, where he and Henry Erskine were often pitted against each other. In 1789, Bl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Dundas Of Arniston
Robert Dundas of Arniston (6 June 1758 – 17 June 1819) was a Scottish judge. Dundas served as Solicitor General for Scotland between 1784 and 1789 and as Lord Advocate from 1789 to 1801. He sat as Member of Parliament for was M.P. for Edinburghshire from 1790 to 1801, and was Chief Baron of the Exchequer in Scotland from 1801 until his death in 1819. Life Robert was born 6 June 1758 at Arniston House south of Edinburgh. He was the eldest son of Robert Dundas of Arniston, the younger and his second wife, Jean, daughter of William Grant, Lord Prestongrange. Around 1766 the family took additional accommodation at Adam's Court in Edinburgh. He was educated at the high school and the University of Edinburgh, and was admitted advocate in 1779. With the help of his uncle Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville he succeeded Alexander Wight as Solicitor General for Scotland in 1784 and became lord advocate in 1789. At this time he was living at Adam Square near Greyfriars Kirk. From ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Craig, Lord Craig
William Craig, Lord Craig FRSE LLD (1745–1813) was a Scottish judge and essayist. Life He was born in Glasgow on 6 June 1745, the son of Rev William Craig Doctor of Divinity, DD (1709–1784) minister of St Andrew's Church in Glasgow. He studied at both the University of Edinburgh and the University of Glasgow and graduated in Glasgow in 1763. He was admitted as an advocate at the Scottish bar in 1768. In 1784 he discharged the duties of advocate-depute along with Robert Blair, Lord Avontoun, Robert Blair and Alexander Abercromby, Lord Abercromby, Alexander Abercromby; and in 1787 he became sheriff-depute of Ayrshire. In 1783 he was a founder member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. For most of his life he lived on the west side of George Square in southern Edinburgh (then a new building) but he moved to York Place in the New Town, Edinburgh, New Town when it was first built.Edinburgh Post Office Directory 1797 In 1792, on the death of David Dalrymple, Lord Hailes, Lord H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Swinton, Lord Swinton
The Hon John Swinton, Lord Swinton (1723–1799) was a Scottish lawyer, judge and writer who rose to be a Senator of the College of Justice. Life He was the son of John Swinton of Swinton House in Berwickshire, advocate, and his wife Mary Semple, daughter of Rev Samuel Semple, minister of Liberton. He was admitted advocate on 20 December, 1743, Appointed Sheriff of Perth in June 1754, in April 1766 he became solicitor for renewal of leases of the bishops' tithes, and solicitor and advocate to the commissioners for plantation of kirks in Scotland. Swinton was elevated to the Scottish bench, with the title of Lord Swinton, on 21 December, 1782 replacing Alexander Lockhart, Lord Covington, and later, on the promotion of Lord Braxfield in 1788, was also made a lord of justiciary. At this time he had legal offices on Browns Square on the southern edge of Edinburgh. He also owned Dean House on the west side of Edinburgh. Swinton House, his main country residence, burned down in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Nairne, Lord Dunsinane
Sir William Nairne, Lord Dunsinane, 5th Baronet of Nairne (c. 1731–1811) was a Scottish advocate and judge, and the uncle of Katherine Ogilvie. The title of Lord Dunsinane was taken from Dunsinane Hill, a ruined fort near Collace, Perthshire, the family seat of the Nairne family. Dunsinane Hill is referenced in Shakespeare's play, ''Macbeth''. The alternative Gaelic spelling of the term Dunsinane is Dunsinnan, meaning ''"The hill of ants"''; probably a reference to the large number of people it took to build the fortress. Early life William Nairne was born in Perthshire, Scotland in about 1731. Wikisource:Nairne, William (DNB00) He was the son of Sir William Nairne, 2nd Baronet and his wife, Emilia Graham of Fintry, Forfarshire. The Nairne baronetcy was conferred on Nairne's grandfather by Queen Anne on 31 March 1704. Legal career As the younger son of the 2nd Baronet, and under the presumption that ascending to the baronetcy was unlikely, Nairne pursued a career in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Rae, Lord Eskgrove
Sir David Rae, Lord Eskgrove, 1st Baronet FRSE FSA (1724–1804) was a Scottish advocate and judge. Life He was the son of Agnes, daughter of Sir David Forbes of Newhall and Rev David Rae of St Andrews, an episcopalian minister. Some sources give his mother as Margaret Stewart of Blairhall, daughter of Dugald Stewart, Lord Blairhall. He was educated at the grammar school in Haddington, and then studied law at the University of Edinburgh, where he attended the law lectures of John Erskine of Carnock. He was admitted a member of the Faculty of Advocates on 11 December 1751, and quickly acquired a practice. In 1753 he was retained in an appeal to the House of Lords, which brought him to London, where he became acquainted with Lord Hardwicke and his son Charles Yorke. He was appointed one of the commissioners for collecting evidence in the Douglas case, and in that capacity accompanied James Burnett to France in September 1764. He was the leading advocate in the Scottish court ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert McQueen, Lord Braxfield
Robert McQueen, Lord Braxfield (4 May 1722 – 30 May 1799) was a Scottish advocate and judge. Life McQueen was born at Braxfield House near Lanark on 4 May 1722, son of John McQueen. He studied law at Edinburgh University and was admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in 1744. In 1759 he was appointed an Advocate Depute appearing for the Crown in prosecutions. He often appeared in more than 15 cases per day and earned £1900 in a single year. He became a judge in 1776 and took the title Lord Braxfield. In 1788 he became Lord Justice Clerk, the second most senior judge in Scotland. Explicitly taking the view that "Government in this country is made up of the landed interest, which alone has a right to be represented" he took an active role in the suppression of the Friends of the People Society in the trials and sentences passed on Thomas Muir and others. To accomplish this he "invented a crime of unconscious sedition". A famous quote of his in this respect was "Let them bring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Mile
The Royal Mile () is a succession of streets forming the main thoroughfare of the Old Town of the city of Edinburgh in Scotland. The term was first used descriptively in W. M. Gilbert's ''Edinburgh in the Nineteenth Century'' (1901), describing the city "with its Castle and Palace and the royal mile between", and was further popularised as the title of a guidebook by R. T. Skinner published in 1920, "''The Royal Mile (Edinburgh) Castle to Holyrood(house)''". The Royal Mile runs between two significant locations in the royal history of Scotland: Edinburgh Castle and Holyrood Palace. The name derives from it being the traditional processional route of monarchs, with a total length of approximately one Scots mile, a now obsolete measurement measuring 1.81km. The streets which make up the Royal Mile are (west to east) Castlehill, the Lawnmarket, the High Street, the Canongate and Abbey Strand. The Royal Mile is the busiest tourist street in the Old Town, rivalled only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Tolbooth, Edinburgh
The Old Tolbooth was an important municipal building in the city of Edinburgh, Scotland for more than 400 years. The medieval structure, which was located at the northwest corner of St Giles' Cathedral and was attached to the west end of the Luckenbooths on the High Street in the Old Town, was first established in the 14th century by royal charter. Over the years it served a variety of purposes such as housing the Burgh Council, early meetings of the Parliament of Scotland and the Court of Session. The Tolbooth was also the burgh's main jail where, in addition to incarceration, physical punishment and torture were routinely conducted. From 1785 public executions were carried out. In 1817 the buildings, which had been rebuilt and renovated several times, were demolished. History A deed in the chartulary of St Giles' Cathedral indicates there was already a pretorium (an earlier Latin term for a tolbooth) in Edinburgh as early as 1368. Following the burnings of Edinburgh by Edw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benjamin Bell
Benjamin Bell of Hunthill FRSE FRCSEd (6 September 1749 – 5 April 1806) is considered to be the first Scottish scientific surgeon. He is commonly described as the father of the Edinburgh school of surgery,Richardson BWS, Martin MSM. Disciples of Æsculapius ... With a life of the author by his daughter Mrs. George Martin ... With portraits, etc: 2 vol. Hutchinson & Co.: London; 1900.Miles AThe Edinburgh school of surgery before Lister London: A. & C. Black, ltd.; 1918. or the first of the Edinburgh scientific surgeons.Comrie JD, Wellcome Historical Medical MuseumHistory of Scottish medicine to 1860 London: Bailliáere, Tindall & Cox for the Wellcome Historical Medical Museum; 1927Guthrie DA history of medicine New and rev. ed. London; New York: Nelson; 1958.Dingwall H. MA history of Scottish medicine: themes and influences Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2002 . He published medical works of significance, notably his surgical textbook ''A System of Surgery'' which becam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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