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Sighet Prison
The Sighet prison, located in the city of Sighetu Marmației, Maramureș County, Romania, was used by Romania to hold criminals, prisoners of war, and political prisoners. It is now the site of the Sighet Memorial Museum, part of the Memorial of the Victims of Communism. History The prison in Sighetu Marmației (often referred to just as "Sighet") was built in 1897, when the area was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, as a prison for criminal offenders. Between 1897 and 1945 here was a wonderful garden. After 1945, at the end of World War II, the repatriation of Romanians who had been prisoners of war and deportees in the Soviet Union was done through Sighet. Starting in August 1948, Sighet Prison was set aside for political opponents of the government. At first, it held students, pupils, and peasants from the Maramureș region. The first batch of such detainees consisted of 18 students from , accused of demonstrating against the communist regime; they were brought in on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Memorial Of Victims Of Communism
A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems.Schoenauer, Norbert (2000). ''6,000 Years of Housing'' (rev. ed.) (New York: W.W. Norton & Company). Houses use a range of different roofing systems to keep precipitation such as rain from getting into the dwelling space. Houses may have doors or lock (security device), locks to secure the dwelling space and protect its inhabitants and contents from burglars or other trespassers. Most conventional modern houses in Western cultures will contain one or more bedrooms and bathrooms, a kitchen or cooking area, and a living room. A house may have a separate dining room, or the eating area may be integrated into another room. Some large houses in North America have a recreation room. In traditional agriculture-oriented societies, Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Peasants' Party
The National Peasants' Party (also known as the National Peasant Party or National Farmers' Party; ro, Partidul Național Țărănesc, or ''Partidul Național-Țărănist'', PNȚ) was an agrarian political party in the Kingdom of Romania. It was formed in 1926 through the fusion of the Romanian National Party (PNR), a conservative-regionalist group centred on Transylvania, and the Peasants' Party (PȚ), which had coalesced the left-leaning agrarian movement in the Old Kingdom and Bessarabia. The definitive PNR–PȚ merger came after a decade-long rapprochement, producing a credible contender to the dominant National Liberal Party (PNL). National Peasantists agreed on the concept of a "peasant state", which defended smallholding against state capitalism or state socialism, proposing voluntary cooperative farming as the basis for economic policy. Peasants were seen as the first defence of Romanian nationalism and of the country's monarchic regime, sometimes within a system ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantin Argetoianu
Constantin Argetoianu ( – 6 February 1955) was a Romanian politician, one of the best-known personalities of interwar Greater Romania, who served as the Prime Minister between 28 September and 23 November 1939. His memoirs, ''Memorii. Pentru cei de mâine. Amintiri din vremea celor de ieri'' ("Memoirs. For those of tomorrow. Recollections of yesterday's world")—a cross section of Romanian society, were made known for the sharp critique of several major figures in Romanian politics (using a sarcastic tone which had made his previous political speeches notorious). Biography Early life Born in Craiova as the son of Army general , he trained in Law, Medicine, and Letters at the University of Paris, and later entered the diplomatic service (1897).Slabey Rouček, p.76 He was an exceptionally prosperous man (a noted Stock Exchange player and landowner in Breasta, Dolj County), and his frequent change in political allegiances was attributed by some of his contemporaries to his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of Europe
The Council of Europe (CoE; french: Conseil de l'Europe, ) is an international organisation founded in the wake of World War II to uphold human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe. Founded in 1949, it has 46 member states, with a population of approximately 675 million; it operates with an annual budget of approximately 500 million euros. The organisation is distinct from the European Union (EU), although it is sometimes confused with it, partly because the EU has adopted the original European flag, created for the Council of Europe in 1955, as well as the European anthem. No country has ever joined the EU without first belonging to the Council of Europe. The Council of Europe is an official United Nations Observer. Being an international organization, the Council of Europe cannot make laws, but it does have the ability to push for the enforcement of select international agreements reached by member states on various topics. The best-known body of the Counci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ana Blandiana
Ana Blandiana (; pen name of Otilia Valeria Coman; born 25 March 1942, in Timișoara) is a Romanian poet, essayist, and political figure. She is considered one of the famous contemporary Romanian authors. She took her name after Blandiana, near Vințu de Jos, Alba County, her mother's home village. In October 2017, she was announced as The Griffin Trust For Excellence In Poetry's twelfth recipient of their Lifetime Recognition Award. Literary career Ana Blandiana was born Otilia Valeria Coman on 25 March 1942. Her parents were Gheorghe (1915-1964), an orthodox priest and former member of the fascist Iron Guard who spent years in Communist prisons and died in an accident weeks after his release in a general amnesty, and Otilia (Diacu), an accountant. Her sister Geta was born in 1947. In 1960 she married the writer Romulus Rusan. After her debut in 1959, in ''Tribuna'', Cluj, where she signed for the first time as ''Ana Blandiana'', she was published in the anthology ''30 de p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Revolution
The Romanian Revolution ( ro, Revoluția Română), also known as the Christmas Revolution ( ro, Revoluția de Crăciun), was a period of violent civil unrest in Romania during December 1989 as a part of the Revolutions of 1989 that occurred in several countries around the world. The Romanian Revolution started in the city of Timișoara and soon spread throughout the country, ultimately culminating in the drumhead trial and execution of longtime Romanian Communist Party (PCR) General Secretary Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife Elena Ceaușescu, Elena, and the end of 42 years of Communist rule in Romania. It was also the last removal of a Marxist–Leninist government in a Warsaw Pact country during the events of 1989, and the only one that violently overthrew a country's leadership and executed its leader; according to estimates, over one thousand people died and thousands more were injured. Following World War II, Romania was placed under the Soviet Empire, Soviet sphere of i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations. It is the world's largest and most familiar international organization. The UN is headquartered on international territory in New York City, and has other main offices in Geneva, Nairobi, Vienna, and The Hague (home to the International Court of Justice). The UN was established after World War II with the aim of preventing future world wars, succeeding the League of Nations, which was characterized as ineffective. On 25 April 1945, 50 governments met in San Francisco for a conference and started drafting the UN Charter, which was adopted on 25 June 1945 and took effect on 24 October 1945, when the UN began operations. Pursuant to the Charter, the organization's objectives include maintaining internationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anton Durcovici
Anton Durcovici (17 May 1888 – 10 December 1951) was a Romanian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church and the Bishop of Iaşi from 1947 until his death. Durcovici was a victim of Romania's Communist regime, under which he was imprisoned; he died while in jail. He was known for being a zealous bishop who visited each parish within the confines of his diocese and known for his efforts in preaching the Gospel to all that he could. He likewise was known for his staunch commitment to the values of the Gospel and for his allegiance to the Church which led to his false arrest and imprisonment at the hands of the communist regime. Durcovici was a professor of seminarians and taught his students subjects such as canon law. His zeal as a priest led to his appointment in Bucharest as a rector for seminarians and his renown in Romania led to his episcopal appointment as a bishop. The beatification process for the late bishop commenced in the 1990s and culminated in 2013 after Pope Francis ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valeriu Traian Frențiu
Valeriu Traian Frențiu (25 April 1875 – 11 July 1952) was the Bishop of the Eparchy of Oradea Mare of the Romanian Greek Catholic Church from 1922 to his death in 1952. His beatification occurred on 2 June 2019."A joyous celebration in Romania as Pope Francis beatifies seven bishop-martyrs" ''America Magazine''. 2 June 2019."Pope to beatify martyrs, visit Marian shrine on trip to Romania" ''National Catholic Reporter''. 25 M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tit Liviu Chinezu
Tit Liviu Chinezu (22 June 1904 – 15 January 1955) was a Romanian bishop of the Greek-Catholic Church. Born to a priest in Huduc village, Mureș County, he went to Rome in 1925, studying first at Sant'Atanasio college and becoming a Doctor of Sacred Theology at the ''Pontificium Institutum Internationale Angelicum'', the future Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, ''Angelicum'' in 1930. He was ordained to the priesthood on 31 January 1930. Arrested in October 1948 by the authorities of the new Communist regime that outlawed the church, he was secretly ordained bishop in December 1949 by other detained bishops. Never tried or sentenced, he was eventually sent to Sighet prison. He died there of hypothermia. at the Romanian Church United with Rome, Greek-Catholic site; accessed 25 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ioan Suciu
Ioan Suciu (December 4, 1907 – June 27, 1953) was a Romanian bishop of the Greek-Catholic Church, born into a clerical family in Blaj. He studied in Rome, Italy first at Sant'Atanasio and then at the ''Pontificium Institutum Internationale Angelicum'', the future Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, ''Angelicum'' where after six years of study he received a Doctorate in Sacred Theology on 29 November 1931, and was ordained to the priesthood. He was consecrated Auxiliary Bishop of Oradea in 1940. Arrested in 1948 by the authorities of the new Communist regime that outlawed the church, he was taken first to Dragoslavele Monastery, then to . He was eventually sent to the notorious Sighet Prison, where he died of illness. Streets are named after him in Oradea and Satu Mare. On June 2, 2019, Suciu and six other Romanian prelates were beatified by Pope Francis at Câmpia Libertății Câmpia Libertății (''The Field of Liberty'') is located in the city of Blaj, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Catholic Church
The term Greek Catholic Church can refer to a number of Eastern Catholic Churches following the Byzantine (Greek) liturgy, considered collectively or individually. The terms Greek Catholic, Greek Catholic church or Byzantine Catholic, Byzantine Catholic Church may refer to: * Individually, any 14 of the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches which use the Byzantine rite, a.k.a. ''Greek Rite'': ** the Albanian Greek Catholic Church ** the Belarusian Greek Catholic Church ** the Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church ** the Greek Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia ** the Greek Byzantine Catholic Church, in Greece and Turkey ** the Hungarian Greek Catholic Church ** the Italo-Albanian Catholic Church ** the Macedonian Greek Catholic Church ** the Melkite Greek Catholic Church ** the Romanian Greek Catholic Church (officially the ''Romanian Church United with Rome, Greek-Catholic'') ** the Russian Greek Catholic Church ** the Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church ** the Slovak Greek Catholic Chur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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