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Sicyopterus Stimpsoni
''Sicyopterus stimpsoni'', commonly known as the Nopoli rockclimbing goby, oopu nopili, or Stimpson's goby, is a species of amphidromous goby endemic to Hawaii. This species can reach a length of SL. Ecology Juveniles move from saltwater to freshwater streams shortly before changes in the anatomy of their mouths make eating plankton impossible. Their dietary behaviour depends critically on the benthic algal cycle, which is locked into the hydrological cycles of the island streams. The species in its adult form is found in the upper parts of clear, fast-running mountain streams, where there is clean gravel and rocks with no sedimentation, allowing the growth of algae on rock surfaces. It is found on all the Hawaiian Islands, although it has become rare on O‘ahu. The species is herbivorous, feeding only on diatoms and filamentous algae, and vigorously defending its feeding patch. The fish cultivate gardens on the upper surfaces of stones and boulders. Here they encourage a sho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodore Nicholas Gill
Theodore Nicholas Gill (March 21, 1837 – September 25, 1914) was an American ichthyologist, mammalogist, malacologist and librarian. Career Born and educated in New York City under private tutors, Gill early showed interest in natural history. He was associated with J. Carson Brevoort in the arrangement of the latter's entomological and ichthyological collections before going to Washington D.C. in 1863 to work at the Smithsonian Institution. He catalogued mammals, fishes and mollusks most particularly although maintaining proficiency in other orders of animals. He was librarian at the Smithsonian and also senior assistant to the Library of Congress. He was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1867. Gill was professor of zoology at George Washington University. He was also a member of the Megatherium Club at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. Fellow members frequently mocked him for his vanity. He was president of the American Association f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black-crowned Night Heron
The black-crowned night heron (''Nycticorax nycticorax''), or black-capped night heron, commonly shortened to just night heron in Eurasia, is a medium-sized heron found throughout a large part of the world, including parts of Europe, Asia, and North and South America. In Australasia it is replaced by the closely related nankeen night heron, with which it has hybridized in the area of contact. Taxonomy The black-crowned night heron was formally described by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the tenth edition of his ''Systema Naturae''. He placed it with herons, cranes and egrets in the genus '' Ardea'' and coined the binomial name ''Ardea nicticorax''. It is now placed in the genus ''Nycticorax'' that was introduced in 1817 by the English naturalist Thomas Forster for this species. The epithet ''nycticorax'' is from Ancient Greek and combines ''nux'', ''nuktos'' meaning "night" and ''korax'' meaning "raven". The word was used by authors such as Aristotle and Hes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sicyopterus
''Sicyopterus'' is a genus of gobies native fresh waters from Madagascar to the Pacific islands. Species There are currently 37 recognized species in this genus: * '' Sicyopterus aiensis'' Keith, Watson & Marquet, 2004 (Creek Ai's goby) * '' Sicyopterus brevis'' de Beaufort, 1912 * '' Sicyopterus calliochromus'' Keith, G. R. Allen & Lord, 2012 * '' Sicyopterus caudimaculatus'' Maugé, Marquet & Laboute, 1992 * '' Sicyopterus crassus'' Herre, 1927 * '' Sicyopterus cynocephalus'' (Valenciennes, 1837) (Cleft-lipped goby) * '' Sicyopterus erythropterus'' Keith, G. R. Allen & Lord, 2012 * '' Sicyopterus eudentatus'' Parenti & Maciolek, 1993 * '' Sicyopterus fasciatus'' ( F. Day, 1874) * '' Sicyopterus franouxi'' ( Pellegrin, 1935) * '' Sicyopterus fuliag'' Herre, 1927 * '' Sicyopterus griseus'' ( F. Day, 1877) * '' Sicyopterus hageni'' Popta, 1921 (Hagen's goby) * ''Sicyopterus japonicus'' ( S. Tanaka (I), 1909) * '' Sicyopterus lacrymosus'' Herre, 1927 * '' Sicyopterus l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type (biology)
In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralizes the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen. A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution. Type specimen According to a precise set of rules laid down in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), the scientific name of every taxon is almost al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Stimpson
William Stimpson (February 14, 1832 – May 26, 1872) was a noted American scientist. He was interested particularly in marine biology. Stimpson became an important early contributor to the work of the Smithsonian Institution and later, director of the Chicago Academy of Sciences. Biography Stimpson was born in Boston, Massachusetts to Herbert Hathorne Stimpson and Mary Ann Devereau Brewer. The Stimpsons were of the colonial stock of Massachusetts, the earliest known member of the family being James Stimpson, who was married in 1661, in Milton. His mother died at an early age. William Stimpson's father was an ingenious inventor, and a leading merchant of Boston in the mid decades of the nineteenth century, trading as "H. & F. Stimpson, stoves and furnaces, corner of Congress and Water Streets. It was he who invented the "Stimpson range", the first sheet-iron cooking stove, famous in its day throughout New England. He also made improvements in rifles, and suggested the placin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine Biology
Marine biology is the scientific study of the biology of marine life, organisms in the sea. Given that in biology many phyla, families and genera have some species that live in the sea and others that live on land, marine biology classifies species based on the environment rather than on taxonomy. A large proportion of all life on Earth lives in the ocean. The exact size of this ''large proportion'' is unknown, since many ocean species are still to be discovered. The ocean is a complex three-dimensional world covering approximately 71% of the Earth's surface. The habitats studied in marine biology include everything from the tiny layers of surface water in which organisms and abiotic items may be trapped in surface tension between the ocean and atmosphere, to the depths of the oceanic trenches, sometimes 10,000 meters or more beneath the surface of the ocean. Specific habitats include estuaries, coral reefs, kelp forests, seagrass meadows, the surrounds of seamounts and therm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Specific Name (zoology)
In zoological nomenclature, the specific name (also specific epithet or species epithet) is the second part (the second name) within the scientific name of a species (a binomen). The first part of the name of a species is the name of the genus or the generic name. The rules and regulations governing the giving of a new species name are explained in the article species description. For example, the scientific name for humans is ''Homo sapiens'', which is the species name, consisting of two names: ''Homo'' is the " generic name" (the name of the genus) and ''sapiens'' is the "specific name". Historically, ''specific name'' referred to the combination of what are now called the generic and specific names. Carl Linnaeus, who formalized binomial nomenclature, made explicit distinctions between specific, generic, and trivial names. The generic name was that of the genus, the first in the binomial, the trivial name was the second name in the binomial, and the specific the proper term for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stenogobius Hawaiiensis
''Stenogobius hawaiiensis'', the Naniha goby, is a species of goby endemic to the Hawaiian Islands where it can be found in marine, brackish and fresh waters. This species is not as adept a climber as are many other Hawaiian gobies and thus is not found in the upper reaches of streams. This species can reach a length of SL. In the Hawaiian language, it is also known as O'opu naniha. It feeds on invertebrates such as worms, crustaceans and insects as well as algae. It is preyed upon by birds such as the black-crowned night-heron (''Nycticorax nycticorax'') as well as native fishes such as ''Caranx spp.'', ''Polydactylus sexfilis'' and ''Sphyraena barracuda''. Invasive alien fish such as mosquito fish and game species threaten the populations of ''S. hawaiiensis'' by bringing new diseases and parasites and by predating on their eggs and fry. They may also be threatened by alteration of their habitat by humans such as abstraction, pollution and damming but not to as great an ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eleotris Sandwicensis
''Eleotris sandwicensis'', the Sandwich Island sleeper, Hawaiian sleeper or oopu, is a species of fish in the family Eleotridae endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, where it can be found in marine, fresh, and brackish waters around the coast. Due to this capability of migrating between different marine environments, they are amphidromous. This fish can reach a length of . It is locally important to commercial fisheries and is also used as bait by fishermen after larger fishes. In the Hawaiian language Hawaiian (', ) is a Polynesian language of the Austronesian language family that takes its name from Hawaii, the largest island in the tropical North Pacific archipelago where it developed. Hawaiian, along with English, is an official language o ..., the fish is also known as ''oopu'', ''oau'', ''owau'', and ''hiu kole''. The distribution of ''E. sandwicensis'' is limited as this species does not have the ability to travel upstream of steep waterfalls. This is due to their lack o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lentipes Concolor
The Hawaiian freshwater goby, or ‘O‘opu (''Lentipes concolor)'' (''‘o‘opu ‘alamo‘o ''or ''‘o‘opu hi‘u koleis''), is a species of goby endemic to Hawaii, where it occurs in mountain streams. Males of this species can reach a standard length of , while females only reach . This species is important to the native people as a food fish. In Ancient Hawaiʻi, this species, and others such as mullet and '' Kuhlia sandvicensis'', were cultivated in a form of freshwater aquaponics or aquatic polyculture. In this system of farming, the taro in the upland paddies (taro being the primary staple in Ancient Hawaiʻi) was aided by the fish such as the Hawaiʻian freshwater goby, through these fish pruning the leaves and eating the pests, thus leading to a symbiotic system of food production. The Hawaiin goby is diadromous. The adults live in fresh water where they also spawn. The eggs and embryos float down the stream into the sea where they eventually reach the juvenile s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Awaous Stamineus
''Awaous stamineus'', commonly known as ‘O‘opu nakea, is a species of goby native to the Hawaiian Islands. It has been previously considered a synonym of '' Awaous guamensis'' but recent work based upon morphological and genetic differences has recognized Hawaiian populations as being distinct. Consequently, Hawaiian ''Awaous'' are now recognized as a valid, distinct species. Description and biology ‘O‘opu nakea are omnivores. Analyses of their gut volume have shown to consist 84% of filamentous algae and the other 16% of chironomids ( non-biting midges). ‘O‘opu nakea are about 14 inches long and have white streaks with speckles and a dark olive color. They lay eggs downstream where the males and females guard the nest. The males make the nest and attract the females who then lay one clutch a year. Predators of this species include various birds, including the ‘auku‘u (black-crowned night heron), and other fishes, including āholehole ( dark-margined flagtail), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gobioidei
The Gobiiformes are an order of fish that includes the gobies and their relatives. The order, which was previously considered a suborder of Perciformes, is made up of about 2,211 species that are divided between seven families. Phylogenetic relationships of the Gobiiformes have been elucidated using molecular data. Gobiiforms are primarily small species that live in marine water, but roughly 10% of these species inhabit fresh water. This order is composed chiefly of benthic or burrowing species; like many other benthic fishes, most gobiiforms do not have a gas bladder or any other means of controlling their buoyancy in water, so they must spend most of their time on or near the bottom. Gobiiformes means "Goby-like". Families The 5th Edition of the ''Fishes of the World'' reclassified the former superfamily Goboidei as the order Gobiiformes and also rearranged the families within the order compared to the previous edition. The largest change is that the Oxudercidae and the Gobiida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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