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Sichard
Sichard ( la, Sichardus; it, Sicardo) was a 9th century Italian monk. He was the Abbot of Farfa from ''c''.830 to 842. His abbacy corresponds with a drop in the number of property transactions involving Farfa, perhaps because "[its] wealth was by that time sufficient to cover major building at the abbey itself." Sichard added an oratory (worship), oratory to the existing abbey. On Sichard's death in 842, the Emperor Lothair I intervened to appoint Bishop Peter II (Bishop of Spoleto), Peter of Spoleto in charge of the abbey until an abbot, Hilderic of Farfa, Hilderic, could be elected (844). Sichard's epitaph was copied into the ''Libellus constructionis Farfensis'', the earliest history of Farfa, of which only a fragment survives in an eleventh-century lectionary. The rediscovery of most of the epitaph in 1959 demonstrates that the author of the ''Libellus'' was an accurate copyist.Costambeys, 13–14. Cf. also C. McClendon, ''The Imperial Abbey of Farfa'' (New Haven: 1987), 2, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sichard
Sichard ( la, Sichardus; it, Sicardo) was a 9th century Italian monk. He was the Abbot of Farfa from ''c''.830 to 842. His abbacy corresponds with a drop in the number of property transactions involving Farfa, perhaps because "[its] wealth was by that time sufficient to cover major building at the abbey itself." Sichard added an oratory (worship), oratory to the existing abbey. On Sichard's death in 842, the Emperor Lothair I intervened to appoint Bishop Peter II (Bishop of Spoleto), Peter of Spoleto in charge of the abbey until an abbot, Hilderic of Farfa, Hilderic, could be elected (844). Sichard's epitaph was copied into the ''Libellus constructionis Farfensis'', the earliest history of Farfa, of which only a fragment survives in an eleventh-century lectionary. The rediscovery of most of the epitaph in 1959 demonstrates that the author of the ''Libellus'' was an accurate copyist.Costambeys, 13–14. Cf. also C. McClendon, ''The Imperial Abbey of Farfa'' (New Haven: 1987), 2, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbot Of Farfa
Farfa Abbey ( it, Abbazia di Farfa) is a territorial abbey in northern Lazio, central Italy. In the Middle Ages it was one of the richest and most famous abbeys in Italy. It belongs to the Benedictine Order and is located about from Rome, in the commune of Fara Sabina, of which it is also a hamlet (''It. frazione''). In 2016 it was added to the "tentative" list to be a UNESCO World Heritage Site, as part of a group of eight Italian medieval Benedictine monasteries, representing "The cultural landscape of the Benedictine settlements in medieval Italy". History A legend in the 12th-century ''Chronicon Farfense'' (Chronicle of Farfa) dates the founding of a monastery at Farfa to the time of the Emperors Julian, or Gratian, and attributes the founding to Laurence of Syria, who had come to Rome with his sister, Susannah, together with other monks, and had been made Bishop of Spoleto. According to the tradition, after being named bishop, he became enamoured of the monastic life, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ingoald
Ingoald (died 830) was the Abbot of Farfa from 815, succeeding Benedict. At the beginning of his abbacy he vigorously protested the policies of Pope Leo III (795–816), which had resulted in the abbey's loss of property. Ingoald complained about not only the—illegitimate, as he saw it—seizure of Farfa's lands, but also the application of dubious laws of Roman origin in a zone that followed Lombard law. While Ingoald also fostered close contacts with the Carolingian rulers of Francia and Lombardy, he resisted secular encroachments on the abbey's privileges as staunchly as he resisted papal ones. The rate of property transactions at Farfa seems to have peaked under Ingoald, but the surviving documentary evidence is far from complete. In 817 Pope Stephen IV issued a bull claiming that Farfa's lands lay within the Papal ''patrimonium sabinense'' (Sabine patrimony) and under Papal ''ius'' (jurisdiction), and that therefore the abbey owed the Holy See an annual rent (''pensio'') of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libellus Constructionis Farfensis
The ''Libellus constructionis Farfensis'' ("Little Book of the Construction of Farfa"), often referred to simply as the ''Constructio'' in context, is a written history of the Abbey of Farfa from its foundation by Thomas of Maurienne ''circa'' 700 until the death of Abbot Hilderic in 857. It is about the "construction" of a powerful abbey with vast landholdings. It was used as a source for two later histories, which are basically continuations: the ''Destructio monasterii Farfensis'' of Abbot Hugh (died 1039) and the ''Chronicon Farfense'' by Gregory of Catino (died 1133).Marios Costambeys, ''Power and Patronage in the Early Medieval Italy: Local Society, Italian Politics, and the Abbey of Farfa, c.700–900'' (Cambridge: 2007), 13–14. The surviving ''Libellus'' is fragmentary, and appears only in one eleventh-century lectionary from Farfa, now in the Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Roma, but which was probably not the ''Libellus'' which Hugh and Gregory worked from.MS anu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hilderic Of Farfa
Hilderic (died 857) was the fifteenth Abbot of Farfa from 844. In 842 Abbot Sichard died, and the Emperor Lothair I (840–55) intervened to appoint Bishop Peter II of Spoleto in control of the abbey in the interim. Peter organised an election, in which the monks chose Hilderic, and convinced Lothair to confirm him in the abbacy in 844. From his death in 857 the history of the abbey falls into relative obscurity until about 920. The anonymous '' Libellus constructionis Farfensis'', which in its original form was composed in the late ninth century, relates the history of Farfa from its foundation by Thomas of Maurienne Thomas of Maurienne (died before 720) was the first abbot of the Abbey of Farfa, which he founded between 680 and ''c''.700. Although the sources of his life are much later, and he is surrounded by legends, his historicity is beyond doubt. Thoma ... down to the death of Hilderic.It survives only in a fragmentary copy from an eleventh-century lectionary according to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mauroald
Mauroald (died 802) was a Frankish monk from Worms and the Abbot of Farfa from 790.Marios Costambeys, ''Power and Patronage in the Early Medieval Italy: Local Society, Italian Politics, and the Abbey of Farfa, ''c''.700–900'' (Cambridge: 2007), 156. Farfa, at less than a century old, was still interested in accruing territories through grants and donations in order to support its building projects and the expansion of its site. According to Gregory of Catino, the late eleventh-century historian of the abbey, Mauroald was "of the Frankish nation" (''natione Francus''). He is the only abbot Gregory describes thus, and it probably indicates Mauroald was Germanic-speaking. His two immediate predecessors, Ragambald and Altpert, were also from Francia, although they were probably not Frankish. The period of their abbacies (781–802) has been described as one of "ethnic tension" and the domination of "Frankish ideas", but there is little evidence to support this. Two charters from 80 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benedict Of Farfa
Benedict (died 815) was the Abbot of Farfa, Italy from 802 until his death. He is the first abbot mentioned in the eleventh-century history of the abbey written by Gregory of Catino whose origins were not known. Benedict continued the policy of his predecessor of expanding Farfa's landed endowments. Nevertheless, according to the forensic testimony of his successor, Ingoald, the monastery lost property during the reign of Pope Leo III (795–816), partly from the unlawful seizures of the Holy See. Two charters from 802 and 804 show that Benedict and his predecessor Mauroald financed the military service of two brothers from the Sabina, Probatus and Picco, sons of Ursus of the Pandoni family, who were serving the army of Charlemagne then targeting the Principality of Benevento.They described themselves as ''filii quondam Ursi'', cf. Costambeys, 229–30. In 804 they defaulted on their debt to the abbey of twenty gold mancuses, ten pounds of silver, and cloth worth sixty mancuses. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oratory (worship)
In the canon law of the Catholic Church, an oratory is a place which is set aside by permission of an ordinary for divine worship, for the convenience of some community or group of the faithful who assemble there, but to which other members of the faithful may have access with the consent of the competent superior. The word ''oratory'' comes from the Latin verb ''orare'', to pray. History Oratories seem to have been developed in chapels built at the shrines of martyrs, for the faithful to assemble and pray on the spot. The oldest extant oratory is the Archiepiscopal Chapel in Ravenna (). The term is often used for very small structures surviving from the first millennium, especially in areas where the monasticism of Celtic Christianity was dominant; in these cases it may represent an archaeological guess as to function, in the absence of better evidence. Public, semi-public, private Previously, canon law distinguished several types of oratories: private (with use restricted t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Lothair I
Lothair I or Lothar I (Dutch and Medieval Latin: ''Lotharius''; German: ''Lothar''; French: ''Lothaire''; Italian: ''Lotario'') (795 – 29 September 855) was emperor (817–855, co-ruling with his father until 840), and the governor of Bavaria (815–817), King of Italy (818–855) and Middle Francia (840–855). Lothair was the eldest son of the Carolingian emperor Louis the Pious and his wife Ermengarde of Hesbaye, daughter of Ingerman the duke of Hesbaye. On several occasions, Lothair led his full-brothers Pepin I of Aquitaine and Louis the German in revolt against their father to protest against attempts to make their half-brother Charles the Bald a co-heir to the Frankish domains. Upon the father's death, Charles and Louis joined forces against Lothair in a three-year civil war (840–843). The struggles between the brothers led directly to the breakup of the Frankish Empire assembled by their grandfather Charlemagne, and laid the foundation for the development of moder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter II (Bishop Of Spoleto)
Peter II may refer to: Politics * Pope Peter II of Alexandria (ruled 373–381) * Peter (II) Delyan of Bulgaria (reigned 1040–1041), leader of the Macedonian uprising against the Byzantine Empire * Peter IV of Bulgaria or Peter II, Emperor of Bulgaria 1185–1197 * Peter II of Aragon (1174–1213), King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona * Peter II of Courtenay (died 1219) * Peter II, Count of Savoy (1203–1268), called the Little Charlemagne * Peter II of Sicily (1304-1342) * Peter II of Cyprus (c. 1357–1382), called ''The Fat'' * Peter II, Duke of Brittany (1418–1457), count of Montfort and titular earl of Richmond * Peter II, Duke of Bourbon (1438–1503) * Peter II of Portugal (1648–1706), King of Portugal and the Algarves * Peter II of Russia (1715–1730) * Peter II of Montenegro (1813–1851) * Peter II of Brazil (1825–1891), second and last Emperor of Brazil * Peter II of Yugoslavia (1923–1970) Religion * Pope Peter II of Alexandria, 21st Patriarch of Alexandria f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
842 Deaths
84 may refer to: * 84 (number) * one of the years 84 BC, AD 84, 1984, AD 2084 * Eighty Four, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated census-designated place in Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States * Seksendört Seksendört (also known as Grup 84) is a Turkish pop rock band from Ankara. Seksendört consists of Tuna Velibaşoğlu, Arif Erdem Ocak, Serter Karadeniz, and Okan Özen. The band was formed in 1999 and started getting noticed under the name 'Sek ..., a Turkish pop group whose name means 84 See also * * List of highways numbered {{Numberdis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbots Of Farfa
Abbot is an ecclesiastical title given to the male head of a monastery in various Western religious traditions, including Christianity. The office may also be given as an honorary title to a clergyman who is not the head of a monastery. The female equivalent is abbess. Origins The title had its origin in the monasteries of Egypt and Syria, spread through the eastern Mediterranean, and soon became accepted generally in all languages as the designation of the head of a monastery. The word is derived from the Aramaic ' meaning "father" or ', meaning "my father" (it still has this meaning in contemporary Hebrew: אבא and Aramaic: ܐܒܐ) In the Septuagint, it was written as "abbas". At first it was employed as a respectful title for any monk, but it was soon restricted by canon law to certain priestly superiors. At times it was applied to various priests, e.g. at the court of the Frankish monarchy the ' ("of the palace"') and ' ("of the camp") were chaplains to the Merovingian and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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