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Shirk (polytheism)
''Shirk'' ( ar, شرك ''širk'') in Islam is the sin of idolatry or polytheism (''i.e.'', the deification or worship of anyone or anything besides Allah). Islam teaches that God does not share his divine attributes with any partner. Associating partners with God is disallowed according to the Islamic doctrine of ''Tawhid''Kamoonpuri, S: "Basic Beliefs of Islam" pages 42–58. Tanzania Printers Limited, 2001. (''oneness''). ''Mušrikūn'' (pl. of ''mušrik'' ) are those who practice ''shirk'', which literally means "association" and refers to accepting other gods and divinities alongside God (as God's "associates"). The Qur'an considers shirk as a sin that will not be forgiven if a person dies without repenting of it. Etymology The word ''širk'' comes from the Arabic root Š- R- K (), with the general meaning of "to share". In the context of the Quran, the particular sense of "sharing as an equal partner" is usually understood, so that polytheism means "attributing a partne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam
Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ''Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the Muhammad in Islam, main and final Islamic prophet.Peters, F. E. 2009. "Allāh." In , edited by J. L. Esposito. Oxford: Oxford University Press. . (See alsoquick reference) "[T]he Muslims' understanding of Allāh is based...on the Qurʿān's public witness. Allāh is Unique, the Creator, Sovereign, and Judge of mankind. It is Allāh who directs the universe through his direct action on nature and who has guided human history through his prophets, Abraham, with whom he made his covenant, Moses/Moosa, Jesus/Eesa, and Muḥammad, through all of whom he founded his chosen communities, the 'Peoples of the Book.'" It is the Major religious groups, world's second-largest religion behind Christianity, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manāt
( ar, مناة pausa, or Old Arabic manawat; also transliterated as ') was a pre-Islamic Arabian goddess worshiped in the Arabian Peninsula before the rise of Islam and the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the 7th century. She was among Mecca's three chief goddesses, alongside her sisters, Allat and Al-‘Uzzá, and among them, she was the original and the oldest. Etymology There are two possible meanings of the goddess' name. The first is that it was likely derived from the Arabic root "''mana''", thus her name would mean "to mete out", or alternatively "to determine", the second is that it derives from the Arabic word ''maniya'' meaning "fate". Both meanings are fitting for her role as goddess of fate and destinies. Pre-Islamic theophoric names including Manāt are well attested in Arab sources. Worship Considered a goddess of fate, fortune, time, and destiny, she was older than both Al-Lat and Al-‘Uzzá as theophoric names including hers, such as Abd-Manah or Za ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quran 6
Al-An'am ( ar, ٱلأنعام, ; The Cattle) is the sixth chapter (sūrah) of the Quran, with 165 verses ( āyāt). Coming in order in the Quran after al-Baqarah, Al 'Imran, an-Nisa', and al-Ma'idah, this surah dwells on such themes as the clear signs of Allah's Dominion and Power, rejecting polytheism and unbelief, the establishment of Tawhid (pure monotheism), the Revelation, Messengership, and Resurrection. It is a "Meccan surah", and it is believed to have been revealed in its entirety during the final year of the Meccan period of Islam. This explains the timing and contextual background of the believed revelation (''Asbāb al-nuzūl''). The surah also reports the story of Ibrahim, who calls others to stop worshiping celestial bodies and turn towards Allah. Groups of modern Islamic scholars from Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University in Yemen and Mauritania has issued ''fatwa'' that taken the interpretation from Ibn Kathir regarding Quran 61th verse of Al-An'am and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden Calf
According to the Bible, the golden calf (עֵגֶל הַזָּהָב '' ‘ēgel hazzāhāv'') was an idol (a cult image) made by the Israelites when Moses went up to Mount Sinai. In Hebrew, the incident is known as ''ḥēṭə’ hā‘ēgel'' (חֵטְא הָעֵגֶל) or "the sin of the calf". It is first mentioned in the Book of Exodus. Bull worship was common in many cultures. In Egypt, whence according to the Exodus narrative the Hebrews had recently come, the Apis Bull was a comparable object of worship, which some believe the Hebrews were reviving in the wilderness; alternatively, some believe Yahweh, the national god of the Israelites, was associated with or pictured as a calf/bull deity through the process of religious assimilation and syncretism. Among the Canaanites, some of whom would become the Israelites, the bull was widely worshipped as the Lunar Bull and as the creature of El. Biblical narrative When Moses went up into Mount Sinai to receive the Ten Comma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Children Of Israel
The Israelites (; , , ) were a group of Semitic-speaking tribes in the ancient Near East who, during the Iron Age, inhabited a part of Canaan. The earliest recorded evidence of a people by the name of Israel appears in the Merneptah Stele of ancient Egypt, dated to about 1200 BCE. According to the modern archaeological account, the Israelites and their culture branched out of the Canaanite peoples and their cultures through the development of a distinct monolatristic—and later monotheistic—religion centred on the national god Yahweh.Mark Smith in "The Early History of God: Yahweh and Other Deities of Ancient Israel" states "Despite the long regnant model that the Canaanites and Israelites were people of fundamentally different culture, archaeological data now casts doubt on this view. The material culture of the region exhibits numerous common points between Israelites and Canaanites in the Iron I period (c. 1200–1000 BCE). The record would suggest that the Isra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-A'raf
Al-Araf ( ar, ٱلأعراف, ; The Heights) is the 7th chapter (''sūrah'') of the Qur'an, with 206 verses ( āyāt). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (''Asbāb al-nuzūl''), it is a "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca. This chapter takes its name from verses 46–47, in which the word ''A'araf'' appears. According to Abul A'la Maududi, the time of its disclosure is about the same as that of Al-An'am, i. e., the last year of the Islamic prophet Muhammad's residence at Makkah: the manner of its admonition clearly indicates that it belongs to the same period and both have the same historical background; however, it cannot be declared with assurance which of these two was uncovered before the other. The audience should keep in mind the introduction to Al-An'am.Abul A'la Maududi - Tafhim-ul-Quran Summary *1-2 Muhammad not to doubt the Quran 3 The people exhorted to believe in it 4-5 Many cities destroyed fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nasr (idol)
Nasr ( ar, نسر "Vulture") was apparently a pre-Islamic Arabian deity of the Himyarites. Reliefs depicting vultures have been found in Himyar, including at Maṣna'at Māriya and Haddat Gulays, and Nasr appears in theophoric names. Nasr has been identified by some scholars with Maren- Shamash, who is often flanked by vultures in depictions at Hatra. Hisham ibn Al-Kalbi's ''Book of Idols'' describes a temple to Nasr at Balkha, an otherwise unknown location. Some sources attribute the deity to "the dhū-l-Khila tribe of Himyar". Himyaritic inscriptions were thought to describe "the vulture of the east" and "the vulture of the west", which Augustus Henry Keane interpreted as solstitial worship; however these are now thought to read "eastward" and "westward" with ''n-s-r'' as a preposition. J. Spencer Trimingham believed Nasr was "a symbol of the sun". Classical references Nasr is mentioned in the Qur'an (71:23) as an idol at the time of the Noah:An Arabian vulture-god is menti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ya'uq
According to the Qur'an, Yaʿūq ( ar, يعوق) was a deity worshipped in the days of Noah. A temple dedicated to Rahmanan and named after Ya'uq is mentioned in South Arabian inscriptions as "mkrbn yʿwq". And they say: Forsake not your gods, nor forsake Wadd, nor Suwa', nor Yaghuth and Ya'uq and Nasr. (Qur'an 71:23) Maulana Muhammad Ali adds the following commentary on the passage: The names of the idols given here are those which existed in Arabia in the Prophet's time, and hence some critics call it an anachronism. ..According to IʿAb, the idols of Noah's people were worshipped by the Arabs, Wadd being worshipped by Kalb, Suwāʿ by Hudhail, Yaghūth by Murād, Yaʿūq by Hamadān and Nasr by Ḥimyar ( B. 65:lxxi, 1). The commentators say that Wadd was worshipped in the form of a man, Suwāʿ in that of a woman, Yaghūth in that of a lion, Yaʿūq in that of a horse and Nasr is that of an eagle ( Rz).Maulana Muhammad Ali Muhammad Ali (; ar, محمد عل ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suwa'
Suwāʿ ( ar, سواع) is mentioned in the Qur'an (71:23) as a deity of the time of the Prophet Noah. And they say: Forsake not your gods, nor forsake Wadd, nor Suwa', nor Yaghuth and Ya'uq and Nasr. (Qur'an 71:23) Maulana Muhammad Ali adds the following commentary on the passage: The names of the idols given here are those which existed in Arabia in the Prophet's time, and hence some critics call it an anachronism. ..According to IʿAb, the idols of Noah's people were worshipped by the Arabs, Wadd being worshipped by Kalb, Suwāʿ by Hudhail, Yaghūth by Murād, Yaʿūq by Hamadān Hamadan () or Hamedan ( fa, همدان, ''Hamedān'') ( Old Persian: Haŋgmetana, Ecbatana) is the capital city of Hamadan Province of Iran. At the 2019 census, its population was 783,300 in 230,775 families. The majority of people living in H ... and Nasr by Ḥimyar ( B. 65:lxxi, 1). The commentators say that Wadd was worshipped in the form of a man, Suwāʿ in that of a woman, Y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wadd
Wadd ( ar, وَدّ) (Ancient South Arabian script: 𐩥𐩵) is a pre-Islamic Arabian god. He was the national god of the Minaeans of South Arabia, and the snake was associated with him. It is also called Waddum and Wadd'ab. In Islamic tradition, Wadd was worshipped by the Banu Kalb tribe and his idol was located in the city of Dumat al-Jandal. The idol was said to be destroyed by Khalid ibn al-Walid. He is also mentioned in the Quran as a false god of the people of Noah. Attestations Pre-Islamic era Wadd was the national god of Ma'in, or the Minaeans; the magic formula ''Wd'b'' or "Wadd is y?father" was written on amulets and buildings. These writings were often accompanied with a symbol; a crescent moon with the small disc of Venus. An altar dedicated to him was erected by Minaeans living on the Greek island of Delos. The altar contains two inscriptions, one of which is in Minaean language and the other in Greek. Minaean inscription on the altar begins with symbols ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noah In Islam
Noah, also known as Nuh ( ar, نُوْحٌ, Nūḥ), is recognized in Islam as a prophet and messenger of God. He is one of the Ulu'l azm prophets. Noah's mission was to warn his people, who were plunged in depravity and sin. God charged Noah with the duty of preaching to his people, advising them to abandon idolatry and to worship only God and to live good and pure lives. Although he preached the Message of God with zeal, his people refused to mend their ways, leading to building the Ark and the Deluge, the Great Flood. In Islamic tradition, it is disputed whether the Great Flood was a global or a local one. Noah's preaching and prophethood spanned 950 years according to the Quran. Noah's mission had a double character: he had to warn his people, asking them to call for repentance and, at the same time, he had to preach about God's mercy and forgiveness, promising them the glad tidings God would provide if they led righteous lives. References to Noah are scattered throughout t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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