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Shikike
The was a cadet branch of the Fujiwara clan founded by Fujiwara no Umakai, i.e., one of the four great houses of the Fujiwara, founded by the so-called , who were sons of Fujiwara no Fuhito. The name derives from the fact that the founder Umakai held the office of , or the head of the .Brinkley, ; excerpt, "Muchimaro's home, being in the south (''nan'') of the capital, was called ''Nan-ke''; Fusazaki's, being in the north (''hoku''), was termed ''Hoku-ke''; Umakai's was spoken of as ''Shiki-ke'', since he presided over the Department of Ceremonies (''Shiki''), and Maro's went by the name of ''Kyō-ke'', this term also having reference to his office." Thus Shikike may be translated the "Ceremonials House." The other branches were the Nanke (the eldest brother Muchimaro's line), Hokke ( Fusasaki's line), and the Kyōke (Fujiwara no Maro's line). Umakai's son mounted a rebellion named after his name in 740, which ended with suppression and his death, spelling ill-fortune ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hokke (Fujiwara)
The was one of the four houses of the powerful Fujiwara clan, the other three being the Nanke, Kyōke and Shikike. The Hokke were the ''de facto'' rulers of Japan through their hereditary position as imperial regents ( ''Sesshō'' and ''Kampaku''). In the Kamakura period, it split into the Five regent houses, who continued to monopolize the regency from the 12th century until 1868. After the Meiji Restoration, these houses were appointed Duke in the new hereditary peerage. History The Hokke was founded by Fujiwara no Fusasaki, the second son of Fujiwara no Fuhito, in the Heian period. Fusasaki had three brothers: Muchimaro, Maro and Umakai, and these four brothers are known for having established the "four houses" of the Fujiwara; the Hokke, Nanke, Kyōke and Shikike. During the time of Fujiwara no Fuyutsugu, the Hokke became prosperous after Fuyutsugu was appointed ''kurōdo-no-tō'' (Head Chamberlain). His son Fujiwara no Yoshifusa became the first ''sesshō'' (regen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara Clan
was a powerful family of imperial regents in Japan, descending from the Nakatomi clan and, as legend held, through them their ancestral god Ame-no-Koyane. The Fujiwara prospered since the ancient times and dominated the imperial court until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. They held the title of Ason. The abbreviated form is . The 8th century clan history ''Tōshi Kaden'' (藤氏家伝) states the following at the biography of the clan's patriarch, Fujiwara no Kamatari (614–669): "Kamatari, the Inner Palace Minister who was also called ‘Chūrō'',''’ was a man of the Takechi district of Yamato Province. His forebears descended from Ame no Koyane no Mikoto; for generations they had administered the rites for Heaven and Earth, harmonizing the space between men and the gods. Therefore, it was ordered their clan was to be called Ōnakatomi" The clan originated when the founder, Nakatomi no Kamatari (614–669) of the Nakatomi clan, was rewarded by Emperor Tenji with the honori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Umakai
was a Japanese statesman, courtier, general and politician during the Nara period.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Fujiwara no Umakai" in ; Brinkley, Frank ''et al.'' (1915). The third son of Fujiwara no Fuhito, he founded the Shikike ("Ceremonials") branch of the Fujiwara clan. Career He was a diplomat during the reign of Empress Genshō;Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ; see "Fousiwara-no Nokiafi", pre- Hepburn romanization and he was minister during the reign of Emperor Shōmu. In the Imperial court, Umakai was the chief of protocol ('' Shikibu-kyō''). * 716 (''Reiki 2''): Along with , and , Umakai was named to be part of a Japanese diplomatic mission to Tang China in 717-718. Kibi no Makibi and the Buddhist monk Genbō were also part of the entourage. * 724 ('' Jinki 1, 1st month''): Umakai led an army against the ''emishi''; but this military campaign was later judged to have been unsuccessful. * 729 (''Tenpyō 1''): The emperor invested Umakai with the power to rais ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanke (Fujiwara)
The was a cadet branch of the Fujiwara clan. It was founded by Fujiwara no Muchimaro. Muchimaro had three brothers: Fusasaki, Maro and Umakai. These four brothers are known for having established the "four houses" of the Fujiwara. The name Nanke ("southern house") comes from the fact that Muchimaro's mansion was located south of the mansion of his younger brother. The Nanke served in the imperial court, but many of Fujiwara no Tamenori's descendants later became samurai families such as Itō, Nikaidō, Sagara and Kudō. Nara period The founder of Fujiwara Nanke, Fujiwara no Muchimaro, was the eldest son of Fujiwara no Fuhito. Shortly after the beginning of Nara period, Muchimaro became the head of Ministry of Civil Services in 718. When Fuhito died in 720, Prince Nagaya was at the highest rank in the state government. Prince Nagaya was grandson of Emperor Tenmu, but not a son of Fujiwara family, he was therefore seen as a threat by Muchimaro and his three brothers. Aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyōke
The was a cadet branch of the Fujiwara clan. It was founded by Fujiwara no Maro Maro had three brothers: Muchimaro, Fusasaki, and Umakai. These four brothers are known for having established the "four houses" of the Fujiwara.Brinkley, ; excerpt, "Muchimaro's home, being in the south (''nan'') of the capital, was called ''Nan-ke''; Fusazaki's, being in the north (''hoku''), was termed ''Hoku-ke''; Umakai's was spoken of as ''Shiki-ke'', since he presided over the Department of Ceremonies (''shiki''), and Maro's went by the name of ''Kyō-ke'', this term also having reference to his office." See also * Hokke (Fujiwara) * Nanke (Fujiwara) * Shikike Notes References * Brinkley, Frank and Dairoku Kikuchi Baron was a Japanese mathematician, educator, and education administrator during the Meiji era. Biography Early life and family Kikuchi was born in Edo (present-day Tokyo), as the second son of Mitsukuri Shūhei, a professor at Bansho .... (1915). ''A Histo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Maro
was a Japanese statesman, courtier, and politician during the Nara period. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Fujiwara no Umakai" in ; Brinkley, Frank. (1915). Maro established the Kyōke branch of the Fujiwara clan. Career Maro was a minister ('' sakyō no dayū'') during the reign of Emperor Shōmu. * 737 (''Tenpyō 9, 7th month''): Maro died at age 43. A major smallpox epidemic caused the deaths of Maro and his three brothers. Genealogy This member of the Fujiwara clan was the son of Fujiwara no Fuhito. Maro had three brothers: Fusasaki, Muchimaro and Umakai. These four brothers are known for having established the "four houses" of the Fujiwara.Brinkley, ; excerpt, "Muchimaro's home, being in the south (''nan'') of the capital, was called ''Nan-ke''; Fusazaki's, being in the north (''hoku''), was termed ''Hoku-ke''; Umakai's was spoken of as ''Shiki-ke'', since he presided over the Department of Ceremonies (''shiki''), and Maro's went by the name of ''Kyō-ke' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shikibu-shō
The was one of eight ministries of the Japanese imperial court. History It was established by the Taihō Code of early 8th century. The ministry was replaced in the Meiji period. The ministry was renamed ''Mombushō'' for a brief number of years after 758, but the original name was restored in 764. The name has since remained unchanged until the Ritsuryō system was abandoned during the Meiji period. Shikibu-shō is also where the Lady Murasaki Shikibu derives her name, probably owing to the senior secretary post that her father and her husband once occupied in the ministry. It is also the origin of the name of Shikike, one of the four great branches of the Fujiwara clan. In the Edo period, titles related to the Shikibu-shō, such as , were largely ceremonial and could be held by non-kuge, such as daimyō lords. Today's organisation is the Board of Ceremonies, a department of the Imperial Household Agency. Name The "Ministry of Ceremonial," can arguably be considered the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Momokawa
was a Japanese statesman, courtier and politician during the Nara period.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Fujiwara no Momokawa" in . His original name was . Career at court He was a minister during the reigns of Empress Kōken/Shōtoku and Emperor Kōnin. * 770 (''Jingo-keiun 4, 8th month''): When Empress Shōtoku died without having named an heir, Momokawa was influential in the process which led to the enthronement of Emperor Kōnin.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). . * 773 (''Hōki 4''): Sangi Momokawa was chief advocate for ''Daigaku-no-kami'' Yamabe''-shinnō'', who was named Crown Prince and heir of Kōnin.Titsingh, ; Ponsonby-Fane, p. 317. * August 28, 779 (''Hōki 10, 7th month''): Momkawa died at age 48. The posthumous influence of Momokawa was ensured when Emperor Kanmu followed Emperor Kōnin on the Chrysanthemum Throne. Genealogy Momokawa's father was Fujiwara no Umakai; and his mother was Kume no Wakame. He was one of eight brothers (including Fujiwara no Hirotsugu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mon (badge)
, also , , and , are Japanese emblems used to decorate and identify an individual, a family, or (more recently) an institution or business entity. While is an encompassing term that may refer to any such device, and refer specifically to emblems used to identify a family. An authoritative reference compiles Japan's 241 general categories of based on structural resemblance (a single may belong to multiple categories), with 5,116 distinct individual . However, it is well-acknowledged that there exist a number of lost or obscure . The devices are similar to the Heraldic badge, badges and Coat of arms, coats of arms in European Heraldry, heraldic tradition, which likewise are used to identify individuals and families. are often referred to as Crest (heraldry), crests in Western literature, the crest being a European heraldic device similar to the in function. History may have originated as fabric patterns to be used on clothes in order to distinguish individuals or signif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Brinkley
Francis Brinkley (30 December 1841 – 12 October 1912) was an Anglo-Irish newspaper owner, editor and scholar who resided in Meiji period Japan for over 40 years, where he was the author of numerous books on Japanese culture, art and architecture and an English-Japanese Dictionary. He was also known as Frank Brinkley or as Captain Francis Brinkley and was the great uncle of Cyril Connolly. Early life In 1841, Frank Brinkley was born at Parsonstown House, Co. Meath, the thirteenth and youngest child of Matthew Brinkley (1797–1855) J.P., of Parsonstown and his wife Harriet Graves (1800–1855). His paternal grandfather, John Brinkley, was the last Bishop of Cloyne and the first Royal Astronomer of Ireland, while his maternal grandfather, Richard Graves, was also a Senior Fellow of Trinity College and the Dean of Ardagh. One of Brinkley's sisters, Jane (Brinkley) Vernon of Clontarf Castle, was the grandmother of Cyril Connolly. Another sister, Anna, became the Dowager Countess o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Heizei
, also known as ''Heijō-tennō'', was the 51st emperor of Japan,#Kunaichō, Emperor Heizei, Yamamomo Imperial Mausoleum, Imperial Household Agency according to the traditional List of Emperors of Japan, order of succession. Heizei's reign lasted from 806 to 809. Traditional narrative Heizei was the eldest son of the Emperor Kanmu and empress Fujiwara no Otomuro. Heizei had three Empresses and seven sons and daughters.Brown, p. 279. Heizei is traditionally venerated at his tomb; the Imperial Household Agency designates , in Nara, Nara, Nara, as the location of Heizei's mausoleum. The site is publicly accessible. Although one of the largest kofun monuments in Japan, archaeological investigations in 1962–1963 indicate that it was constructed in the early 5th century, and that portions of it were destroyed during the construction of Heijo-kyō, calling into question the designation by the Imperial Household Agency. Events of Heizei's life Before he ascended to the throne, his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Nakamaro
, also known as , Brown, Delmer M. (1979). ''Gukanshō,'' p. 274 was a Japanese aristocrat (''kuge''), courtier, and statesman. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Fujiwara no Nakamaro"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 207. He was Chancellor (''Daijō-daijin'') of the Imperial government during the Nara period. Sansom, George Bailey. (1958). ''A History of Japan to 1334,'' p. 91; excerpt, "He paid particular attention to military matters, and while he was Chancellor, he planned a line of forts at points in the northern provinces of Mutsu and Dewa, which were to be bases of operations against the rebellious aborigines. His project did not succeed ..." Early life Nakamaro was the second son of Fujiwara no Muchimaro, who was the founder of southern branch of the Fujiwara clan. Career Nakamaro was named to progressively important court positions during the reign of Empress Kōken. * Minister of the Right (''udaijin'') * Supreme Military Official (''shibinaishō'') * Vice Minister (''ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
