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Sextus Furius
Sextus Furius ( 488–486 BC) was a Roman politician from the early Republic, who served as consul in 488 BC alongside Spurius Nautius Rutilus. It was during their term of office that Rome was besieged by Coriolanus and the Volsci. Roman tradition credits the consuls with normal duties during the siege, as well as a raid on Volscian territory after their withdrawal. Some sources suggest that Sextus Furius was among a group of nine tribunes (probably military tribunes) who were burnt alive in 486 BC, possibly for supporting the alleged conspiracy of the consul Spurius Cassius. Münzer, Friedrich (1910), " Furius 26" & " Furius 27", '' Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft'' (''RE'', ''PW''), volume 7, part 1, column 318. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Furius, Sextus 5th-century BC Roman consuls Sextus Sextus is an ancient Roman ''praenomen'' or "first name". Its standard abbreviation is Sex., and the feminine form would be Sexta. It is one of the numeral '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Republic
The Roman Republic ( la, Res publica Romana ) was a form of government of Rome and the era of the classical Roman civilization when it was run through public representation of the Roman people. Beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom (traditionally dated to 509 BC) and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire, Rome's control rapidly expanded during this period—from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world. Roman society under the Republic was primarily a cultural mix of Latin and Etruscan societies, as well as of Sabine, Oscan, and Greek cultural elements, which is especially visible in the Roman Pantheon. Its political organization developed, at around the same time as direct democracy in Ancient Greece, with collective and annual magistracies, overseen by a senate. The top magistrates were the two consuls, who had an extensive range of executive, legislative, judicial, military, and religious po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaius Aquillius Tuscus
Gaius Aquillius Tuscus was consul of the Roman Republic in 487 BC together with Titus Sicinius Sabinus. Aquillius led the war against the Hernici. Not many details are known, but Dionysius of Halicarnassus records that he was awarded an ovation, a lesser form of triumph for his victory. C. Ampolo has argued that Aquillius was of Etruscan origin, basing his argument in part on three wine pitchers of Etruscan origin, all bearing the name ''Avile Acvilnas'' (Latin, "Aulus Aquillius"). He has described the consul as an example of the horizontal social mobility that was common in the fifth and fourth centuries BC.Ampolo, "Gli Aquilii del V. Secolo a.C. e il Problema di Fasti Consolari piu antichi nell'Anno 487 BC", ''PdP'', 30 (1975), pp. 410-6; cited in Gary Forsythe, ''A Critical History of Early Rome'' (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006), p. 164 References Ancient sources * Livy, ''Roman History'2.40* Dionysius of Halicarnassus Dionysius of Halicarnassus ( grc, Δι ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Titus Sicinius Sabinus
Titus Sicinius (Sabinus?) or Siccius ( 487 BC - 480 BC) was a Roman Republican politician during the beginning of the 5th century BC. He served as Consul of Rome in 487 BC, serving together with Gaius Aquillius Tuscus.Livy, ''Ab urbe condita'', 2.40 Family Origins The Sicinius gens has been traditionally known as a plebeian family although it also had a singular Patrician branch of which it is likely Titus Sicinius belonged. He is the only member of his gens to ever rise to the office of Consul of Rome. Although no other members of this gens, almost all of whom were Plebeian, rose to that high office, many were later to go on to become significant members in the Patrician-Plebeian struggles that dominated the mid to late republican period. Biography During the consulship of Sicinius and Aquillius, wars were waged against each of the Volsci and the Hernici. Livy says that Sicinius was given leadership against the former, and Aquillius the latter, although Dionysius o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Roman Republican Consuls
This is a list of consuls known to have held office, from the beginning of the Roman Republic to the latest use of the title in Imperial times, together with those magistrates of the Republic who were appointed in place of consuls, or who superseded consular authority for a limited period. Background Republican consuls From the establishment of the Republic to the time of Augustus, the consuls were the chief magistrates of the Roman state, and normally there were two of them, so that the executive power of the state was not vested in a single individual, as it had been under the kings. As other ancient societies dated historical events according to the reigns of their kings, it became customary at Rome to date events by the names of the consuls in office when the events occurred, rather than (for instance) by counting the number of years since the foundation of the city, although that method could also be used. If a consul died during his year of office, another was elected to r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Publius Pinarius Mamercinus Rufus
Publius Pinarius Mamercinus Rufus was a Roman senator who held the consulship alongside Gaius Julius Iulus in 489 BC. Family Rufus was the first member of the '' gens Pinaria'' to attain the consulship. The ''Pinarii'' were an ancient patrician family of Rome, whose origins were said to go back to the founding of the city. Biography In 489 BC, he was elected consul with Gaius Julius Iulus as his colleague. Livy says that, during their term, games were held and a host of the Volsci were invited to see them. The man who invited them, Attius Tullius Aufidius, warned Rufus and Iulus that the Volsci may commit an act similar to that of the Sabines in the Rape of the Sabines just a couple years earlier. The consuls then shared Aufidius' suspicions with the Senate, and the Senate decreed that the Volsci should leave the city. The Volsci were indignant that they should have to leave the games without reason, and a conflict began between them and the Romans. In 488 BC, Rufus was one of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaius Julius Iullus (consul 489 BC)
Gaius Julius Iullus ( 489 BC) was a Roman politician from the early Republic. He was the first from the ancient patrician clan of the Julii to attain the consulship, which he held in 489 BC as the colleague of Publius Pinarius Mamercinus Rufus.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, p. 656, 657. According to Dionysius, it was during their year of office that the Volscian leader Attius Tullius provoked a confrontation with Rome. With the help of the Roman exile Coriolanus, the Volsci prepared for war and began raiding Latin territory. As planned, the impact of the Volscian operations fell more heavily on the poor, exacerbating the already tense relationship between the patricians and the plebeians.Plutarch, "The Life of Coriolanus", 26–28. As the Senate was trying to calm the populace, a Volscian force under Coriolanus took control of the city of Circeii, where there was a Roman colony. The consuls were directed to set a watch over the city, call ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Consul
A consul held the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic ( to 27 BC), and ancient Romans considered the consulship the second-highest level of the ''cursus honorum'' (an ascending sequence of public offices to which politicians aspired) after that of the censor. Each year, the Centuriate Assembly elected two consuls to serve jointly for a one-year term. The consuls alternated in holding '' fasces'' – taking turns leading – each month when both were in Rome and a consul's '' imperium'' extended over Rome and all its provinces. There were two consuls in order to create a check on the power of any individual citizen in accordance with the republican belief that the powers of the former kings of Rome should be spread out into multiple offices. To that end, each consul could veto the actions of the other consul. After the establishment of the Empire (27 BC), the consuls became mere symbolic representatives of Rome's republican heritage and held very litt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Münzer
Friedrich Münzer (22 April 1868 – 20 October 1942) was a German classical scholar noted for the development of prosopography, particularly for his demonstrations of how family relationships in ancient Rome connected to political struggles. He died in Theresienstadt concentration camp. Biography He was born at Oppeln, Silesia (now Opole, Poland), into a Jewish merchant family, went to Leipzig University and then in 1887 to Berlin University, where he wrote his thesis ''De Gente Valeria'' under the supervision of Otto Hirschfeld. In 1893 he traveled to Rome, where Georg Wissowa recruited him to write biographical articles for the '' Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft''. From there he went to Athens and participated in excavations on the Acropolis. He also met Clara Engels there; they were married two years later, on 4 September 1897. Meanwhile, Münzer had been appointed as an unsalaried lecturer at University of Basel in 1896; he and Clara were supported ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spurius Cassius
Spurius Cassius Vecellinus or Vicellinus (died 485 BC) was one of the most distinguished men of the early Roman Republic. He was three times consul, and celebrated two triumphs. He was the first '' magister equitum'', and the author of the first agrarian law. The year following his last consulship, he was accused of aiming at regal power, and was put to death by the patricians. Background His surname variously appears as Vecellinus, Vicellinus, and Viscellinus. The latter has been shown to be incorrect, and Vecellinus is usually preferred. The otherwise unattested name may be a reference to a Mount Vecilius mentioned by Livy. According to one tradition, Cassius' father was still living and hale at the time of his death. If this were the case, it would be difficult to place Cassius' birth much earlier than 540 or 535 BC. Cassius also left behind him three sons, whose names have not been preserved. It is believed that the original Cassii were patricians, although the later members ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
