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Sesshō And Kampaku
In Japan, was a title given to a regent who was named to act on behalf of either a child Emperor before his coming of age, or an empress regnant. The was theoretically a sort of chief advisor for the Emperor, but was in practice the title of both first secretary and regent who assisted an adult Emperor. For much of the Heian period (794–1185), the and were the effective rulers of Japan, with little, if any, effective difference between the two titles, and several individuals merely changed titles as child Emperors grew to adulthood, or adult Emperors retired or died and were replaced by child Emperors. The two titles were collectively known as , and the families that exclusively held the titles were called ( family). After the Heian period, shogunates took over the power. Both and were styled as (or in historical pronunciation; translated as "(Imperial) Highness"), as were Imperial princes and princesses. A retired was called , which came to commonly refer to Toyot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan Sessyo Flag
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south. Japan is a part of the Ring of Fire, and spans an archipelago of 6852 islands covering ; the five main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu (the "mainland"), Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa. Tokyo is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kobe, and Kyoto. Japan is the eleventh most populous country in the world, as well as one of the most densely populated and urbanized. About three-fourths of the country's terrain is mountainous, concentrating its population of 123.2 million on narrow coastal plains. Japan is divided into 47 administrative prefectures and eight traditional regions. The Greater Tokyo Area is the most po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hokke (Fujiwara)
The was one of the four houses of the powerful Fujiwara clan, the other three being the Nanke, Kyōke and Shikike. The Hokke were the ''de facto'' rulers of Japan through their hereditary position as imperial regents ( ''Sesshō'' and ''Kampaku''). In the Kamakura period, it split into the Five regent houses, who continued to monopolize the regency from the 12th century until 1868. After the Meiji Restoration, these houses were appointed Duke in the new hereditary peerage. History The Hokke was founded by Fujiwara no Fusasaki, the second son of Fujiwara no Fuhito, in the Heian period. Fusasaki had three brothers: Muchimaro, Maro and Umakai, and these four brothers are known for having established the "four houses" of the Fujiwara; the Hokke, Nanke, Kyōke and Shikike. During the time of Fujiwara no Fuyutsugu, the Hokke became prosperous after Fuyutsugu was appointed ''kurōdo-no-tō'' (Head Chamberlain). His son Fujiwara no Yoshifusa became the first ''sesshō'' (regent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial Household Law
is a statute in Japanese law that governs the line of imperial succession, the membership of the imperial family, and several other matters pertaining to the administration of the Imperial Household. In 2017, the National Diet changed the law to enable the Emperor to abdicate within three years. With this change, Emperor Akihito abdicated on 30 April 2019. Passage of the law The Imperial Household Law was passed during the Shōwa era on January 16, 1947, by the last session of the Imperial Diet. This law superseded the Imperial Household Law of 1889, which had enjoyed co-equal status with the Constitution of the Empire of Japan and could only be amended by the Emperor. The revised statute is subordinate to the Constitution of Japan, which went into effect on May 3, 1947. It develops Chapter 1: Article 2 of the Constitution of Japan, which states: "The Imperial Throne shall be dynastic and succeeded to in accordance with the Imperial House Law passed by the Diet". Draft and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toyotomi Hidetsugu
was a daimyō during the Sengoku period of Japan. He was the nephew and retainer of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the unifier and ruler of Japan from 1590 to 1598. Despite being Hideyoshi's closest adult, male relative, Hidetsugu was accused of atrocities and attempting to stage a coup after the birth of Hideyoshi's son, and he was ordered to commit suicide. Hidetsugu's entire family, including children, were also executed on Hideyoshi's orders. His death and that of his family contributed to the quick dissolution of Toyotomi authority after Hideyoshi's death three years later. Biography Hidetsugu was born to Tomo (Hideyoshi's elder sister) with Miyoshi Kazumichi and later adopted by Miyoshi Yoshifusa, his name was Miyoshi Nobuyoshi. He later renamed himself Hashiba Hidetsugu, in honor of his famous uncle: "Hashiba" was the Hideyoshi's family name, and "Hidetsugu" can be translated as "next ''Hide''". After the Incident at Honnō-ji in 1582, Hidetsugu was given a 400 thousand koku fief ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meiji Restoration
The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Although there were ruling emperors before the Meiji Restoration, the events restored practical abilities and consolidated the political system under the Emperor of Japan. The goals of the restored government were expressed by the new emperor in the Charter Oath. The Restoration led to enormous changes in Japan's political and social structure and spanned both the late Edo period (often called the Bakumatsu) and the beginning of the Meiji era, during which time Japan rapidly industrialized and adopted Western ideas and production methods. Foreign influence The Japanese knew they were behind the Western powers when US Commodore Matthew C. Perry came to Japan in 1853 in large warships with armaments and technology that far outclassed those of Japan, with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Tadamichi
was the eldest son of the Japanese regent ('' Kampaku'') Fujiwara no Tadazane and a member of the politically powerful Fujiwara clan. He was the father of Fujiwara no Kanefusa and Jien. In the Hōgen Rebellion of 1156, Tadamichi sided with the Emperor Go-Shirakawa, while his brother Fujiwara no Yorinaga sided with Emperor Sutoku. In 1162, he ordained as a Buddhist monk and took the Dharma name Enkan (円観). Marriage and Children Parents *Father: Fujiwara no Yorinaga (藤原 頼長, May 1120 – August 1, 1156) *Mother: Minamoto no Moroko (源師子), daughter of Minamoto no Akifusa (源顕房) Consort and issue: * Wife: Fujiwara no Soshi (藤原宗子, 1190 – 1155), daughter of Fujiwara no Munemichi (藤原宗通) ** Fujiwara no Kiyoko (藤原 聖子 ; 1122-1182), Wife of Emperor Sutoku, first daughter ** ''Third son'' (d.1127) * Wife: Minamoto no Nobuko (源信子), daughter of Minamoto no Norinobu (源国信) ** Konoe Motozane (近衛 基実, 1143 – August 23, 1166), f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Yorimichi
(992–1071) was a Japanese court noble. He succeeded his father Michinaga to the position of Sesshō in 1017, and then went on to become Kampaku from 1020 until 1068. In both these positions, he acted as Regent to the Emperor, as many of his ancestors and descendants did; the Fujiwara clan had nearly exclusive control over the regency positions for over 200 years. Prior to succeeding to the position of Regent, Yorimichi had held the title of ''Naidaijin'' (Minister of the Center/Palace Minister, second rank range), the lowest level of state ministers. By edict, he was raised above his colleagues, to the title of ''Ichi no Hito'', or First Subject. In addition to the reason of direct succession from his father, this edict was presumably necessary to allow Yorimichi to become Sesshō. He is also known as the founder of Byōdō-in phoenix hall, located in Uji. In 1072, he ordained as a Buddhist monk and took the Dharma name Rengekaku (蓮華覚), later changed to Jakukaku (寂� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nijō Family
is a Japanese aristocratic kin group. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003)"Nijō," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 42 retrieved 2013-7-7. The Nijō was a branch of the Fujiwara clan, founded by Kujō Michiie's son Nijō Yoshizane. The Nijō was one of the Five regent houses; from which, the Sesshō and Kampaku were chosen. History The family name Nijō derived from Yoshizane's residence in Kyoto, where is believed to locate between two roads, the south of "Nijō-Ōji" (二条大路) and the east of "Higashi no Tōin-Ōji" (東洞院大路). As of the Muromachi and Edo period, Nijō family had a relative close relationship comparing with other four regent houses, and the leaders of the Nijō were given names (henki, 偏諱) from that of incumbent shōguns'. Nijō Nariyuki, the last Sesshō and Kampaku, regent from the Fujiwara clan, also came from this family. In 1526, Tominokōji Sukenao (富小路資直 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Takatsukasa Family
is a Japanese aristocratic kin group. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003)"Nijō," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 58 retrieved 2013-8-13. The Takatsukasa was a branch of the Fujiwara clan Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Takatsukasa-ke"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 937. and one of the Five regent houses, from which Sesshō and Kampaku could be chosen. The family crest of Takatsukasa is peony. History The Takatsukasa family was founded by Fujiwara no Kanehira (1228-1294), who was the sixth son of Konoe Iezane; he was also the first to take this family name, named after the section of Kyoto in which the household resided. The Takatsukasa family, for the first time, died out in the Sengoku period following the death of Tadafuyu, 13th head of the family, in 1546. Later in 1579, with the assistance of Oda Nobunaga, the third son of Nijō Haruyoshi took the name Takatsukasa Nobufusa and revived the household ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ichijō Family
The was a Japanese aristocratic kin group. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003)"Ichijō," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 13 retrieved 2013-7-7. The Ichijō was a branch of the Fujiwara clan, Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Ichijō"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 368. founded by Kujō Michiie's son Ichijō Sanetsune and was one of the Five regent houses, from which the Sesshō and Kampaku were chosen. Genealogy Tosa-Ichijō clan The , a cadet branch of the Ichijō family, was established during the chaos of Ōnin War. In 1475, Ichijō Norifusa, the 9th head of the family, fled from Kyoto to Tosa Province, where one of the fiefdoms the family held by the time; some descendants of Norifusa stayed in Tosa for generations. The family, however, eventually lost control of Tosa during the reign of Ichijō Kanesada since 1575. The following is the l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kujō Family
is a Japanese aristocratic kin group. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003)"Konoe," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 24 retrieved 2013-8-13. The family is a branch of Hokke and, by extension, a main branch of the Fujiwara clan. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Go-sekke"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 260. History The family claims descent from Fujiwara no Kanezane, third son of Fujiwara no Tadamichi. After the fall of the Taira clan in 1185, Kanezane became Sesshō and Kampaku with the support from Minamoto no Yoritomo; Kanezane then founded an independent family as of 1191, and the family name Kujō was named after a residence located on the road "Kujō-Ōji" (九条大路), where his family lived, built by his ancestor, Fujiwara no Mototsune. Since then, the Kujō became one of the five Fujiwara families from which the Sesshō and Kampaku could be chosen, later known as Five regent houses. The fourth and fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konoe Family
is a Japanese aristocratic family. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003)"Konoe," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 24 retrieved 2013-8-13. The family is a branch of Hokke and, by extension, a main branch of the Fujiwara clan. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Go-sekke"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 260. History The Konoe claim descent from Konoe Iezane (1179–1242),. The origin of the family name was the residence of Iezane's grandfather Konoe Motozane, which was located on a road in Kyoto named "Konoe-Ōji" (近衛大道). Despite Konoe at first being the senior line of the Fujiwara clan, the clan was eventually split up into Five regent houses during the Kamakura period, with each of the five families having the right to assume the regency. During the following Nanboku-chō period, a succession dispute of Konoe emerged, between Tsunetada and his cousin Mototsugu - they served in rival courts, the South ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
