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Seizure Of Megaupload
The seizure of Megaupload, a popular filesharing website with 150 million registered users, occurred on January 19, 2012, following a US indictment accusing Megaupload of harbouring millions of copyrighted files. According to the indictment, Megaupload was costing copyright holders over $500 million in lost revenues. Background A German-born programmer named Kim Dotcom founded Megaupload, which is a Hong Kong-based company established in 2005 for the use of file storage and file sharing. At its peak, Megaupload was the 13th most visited website on the Internet. Megaupload's sister sites include Megavideo.com, Megapix.com, Megalive.com, and Megabox.com. Seizure On Thursday 19 January 2012, Megaupload and its sister sites were closed due to allegations that its founder and its other executives were in violation of laws against copyright infringement. The allegations stated that Megaupload was costing copyright holders and legitimate businesses $500 million in revenue fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MegaUpload FBI-Banner
Megaupload Ltd was a Hong Kong-based online company established in 2005 that operated from 2005 to 2012 providing online services related to file storage and viewing. On 19 January 2012, the United States Department of Justice seized the domain names and closed down the sites associated with Megaupload after the owners were arrested and indicted for allegedly operating as an organization dedicated to copyright infringement. Subsequently, HK$330 million (approximately US$42 million) worth of assets were frozen by the Customs and Excise Department of Hong Kong. The company's founder, New Zealand resident Kim Dotcom, has denied any wrongdoing, and the case against Dotcom has been the subject of controversy over its legality. In 2017, a New Zealand judge ruled that Dotcom should be extradited to the United States, but Dotcom remained at liberty in New Zealand pending the results of an appeal. On 5 July 2018 the New Zealand court of appeal found Dotcom and three of his former col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cogent Communications
Cogent Communications is a multinational internet service provider based in the United States. Cogent's primary services consist of Internet access and data transport, offered on a fiber optic, IP data-only network, along with colocation in data centers. Although Cogent is not a Tier 1 network, Tier 1 ISP by definition, due to lack of complete IPv6 connectivity, the company still advertises itself a Tier 1 ISP. There has been debate among networking professionals as to whether or not this amounts to false advertising. Acquisition history Cogent was founded in 1999 at the peak of the industry's growth and was funded by angel investors including members of Keiretsu Forum. In three years, Cogent acquired 13 other failing carriers, purchasing $14 billion in capital for $60 million, including $4 billion worth of Property, Plant and Equipment. * September 2001 – Acquires the assets of NetRail * February 2002 – Acquires Allied Riser * April 2002 – Acquires Building Access Agreement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 In New Zealand
The following lists events that happened during 2012 in New Zealand. Population * Estimated population as of 31 December: 4,425,900 * Increase since 31 December 2011: 26,400 (0.60%) * Males per 100 Females: 95.7 Incumbents Regal and vice-regal *Head of State – Elizabeth II *Governor-General – Jerry Mateparae File:Elizabeth II (2).jpg, Elizabeth II File:Murray Brennan GNZM investiture (Mateparae cropped).jpg, Jerry Mateparae Government 2012 is the first full year of the 50th Parliament, which first sat on 20 December 2011 and will dissolve on 17 December 2014 if not dissolved prior. The Fifth National Government, first elected in 2008, continues. *Speaker of the House – Lockwood Smith *Prime Minister – John Key *Deputy Prime Minister – Bill English *Leader of the House – Gerry Brownlee *Minister of Finance – Bill English *Minister of Foreign Affairs – Murray McCully File:Lockwood Smith (cropped).jpg, Lockwood Smith File:John Key headshot.jpg, John Key File:B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 In The United States
Events in the year 2012 in the United States. Incumbents Federal government * President: Barack Obama ( D-Illinois) * Vice President: Joe Biden (D-Delaware) * Chief Justice: John Roberts (New York) * Speaker of the House of Representatives: John Boehner ( R-Ohio) * Senate Majority Leader: Harry Reid (D-Nevada) * Congress: 112th Events January * January – HipGeo, a LBS app is launched. * January 1 – New laws that go into effect on January 1: **Hawaii and Delaware's civil union laws go into effect. ** Illinois allows motorcyclists the right to yield at red lights since magnetic streetlight sensors will not recognize motorcycles. ** Utah bans discounts or specials on alcoholic drinks, essentially banning happy hour. ** Arizona, Oregon, Washington, Montana, Colorado, Ohio, Vermont and Florida raise their minimum wage. ** San Francisco raises the minimum wage within its jurisdiction to over $10 per hour, making it the highest minimum wage in the country. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
File Sharing
File sharing is the practice of distributing or providing access to digital media, such as computer programs, multimedia (audio, images and video), documents or electronic books. Common methods of storage, transmission and dispersion include removable media, centralized servers on computer networks, Internet-based hyperlinked documents, and the use of distributed peer-to-peer networking. File sharing technologies, such as BitTorrent, are integral to modern media piracy, as well as the sharing of scientific data and other free content. History Files were first exchanged on removable media. Computers were able to access remote files using filesystem mounting, bulletin board systems (1978), Usenet (1979), and FTP servers (1970's). Internet Relay Chat (1988) and Hotline (1997) enabled users to communicate remotely through chat and to exchange files. The mp3 encoding, which was standardized in 1991 and substantially reduced the size of audio files, grew to widespread use in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fileserve
FileServe was an online internet file hosting service. FileServe, together with another file hosting service site, Megaupload, have terminated their services for Hong Kong by blocking IP addresses from accessing their websites and files. Blocks and blacklisting * On 16–18 November 2011, Virgin Media customers were unable to download from the site after it was blacklisted by the Internet Watch Foundation The Internet Watch Foundation (IWF) is a registered charity based in Cambridge, England. It states that its remit is "to minimise the availability of online sexual abuse content, specifically child sexual abuse images and videos hosted anywhe ... due to a single upload containing illegal content. * In November 2011, FileServe was added to Google's blacklist for auto-complete and instant search services together with several other file locker sites. *On 22 January 2012, Fileserve and many of its sister sites disabled their file sharing feature, making it so its users can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broadcast Music, Inc
Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI) is a performance rights organization in the United States. It collects blanket license fees from businesses that use music, entitling those businesses to play or sync any songs from BMI's repertoire of over 20.6 million musical works. On a quarterly basis, BMI distributes the money to songwriters, composers, and music publishers as royalties to those members whose works have been performed. In FY 2022, BMI collected $1.573 billion in revenues and distributed $1.471 billion in royalties. BMI's repertoire includes over 1.3 million songwriters and 20.6 million compositions. BMI is the biggest performing rights organization in the United States and is one of the largest such organizations in the world. BMI songwriters create music in virtually every genre. BMI represents artists such as Patti LaBelle, Selena, Miley Cyrus, Lil Wayne, Lil Nas X, Birdman, Lady Gaga, Taylor Swift, Eminem, Rihanna, Shakira, Doja Cat, Megan Thee Stallion, Ed Sheeran, Kar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RIAA
The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is a trade organization that represents the music recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors that the RIAA says "create, manufacture, and/or distribute approximately 85% of all legally sold recorded music in the United States". RIAA is headquartered in Washington, D.C. RIAA was formed in 1952. Its original mission was to administer recording copyright fees and problems, work with trade unions, and do research relating to the record industry and government regulations. Early RIAA standards included the RIAA equalization curve, the format of the stereophonic record groove and the dimensions of 33 1/3, 45, and 78 rpm records. RIAA says its current mission includes: #to protect intellectual property rights and the First Amendment rights of artists #to perform research about the music industry #to monitor and review relevant laws, regulations, and policies Between 2001 and 202 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DDOS
In computing, a denial-of-service attack (DoS attack) is a cyber-attack in which the perpetrator seeks to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users by temporarily or indefinitely disrupting services of a host A host is a person responsible for guests at an event or for providing hospitality during it. Host may also refer to: Places * Host, Pennsylvania, a village in Berks County People *Jim Host (born 1937), American businessman * Michel Host ... connected to a Computer network, network. Denial of service is typically accomplished by flooding the targeted machine or resource with superfluous requests in an attempt to overload systems and prevent some or all legitimate requests from being fulfilled. In a distributed denial-of-service attack (DDoS attack), the incoming traffic flooding the victim originates from many different sources. More sophisticated strategies are required to mitigate this type of attack, as simply attempting to block a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anonymous (group)
Anonymous is a decentralized international Activism, activist and Hacktivism, hacktivist collective and Social movement, movement primarily known for its various cyberattacks against several governments, government institutions and Government agency, government agencies, corporations and the Church of Scientology. Anonymous originated in 2003 on the imageboard 4chan representing the concept of many online and offline community users simultaneously existing as an "Anarchy, anarchic", digitized "global brain" or "Collective consciousness, hivemind". Anonymous members (known as ''anons'') can sometimes be distinguished in public by the wearing of Guy Fawkes masks in the style portrayed in the graphic novel and film ''V for Vendetta''. Some anons also opt to mask their voices through voice changers or text-to-speech programs. Dozens of people have been arrested for involvement in Anonymous cyberattacks in countries including the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hacktivist
In Internet activism, hacktivism, or hactivism (a portmanteau of '' hack'' and '' activism''), is the use of computer-based techniques such as hacking as a form of civil disobedience to promote a political agenda or social change. With roots in hacker culture and hacker ethics, its ends are often related to free speech, human rights, or freedom of information movements. Hacktivist activities span many political ideals and issues. Freenet, a peer-to-peer platform for censorship-resistant communication, is a prime example of translating political thought and freedom of speech into code. Hacking as a form of activism can be carried out through a network of activists, such as Anonymous and WikiLeaks, or through a singular activist, working in collaboration toward common goals without an overarching authority figure. "Hacktivism" is a controversial term with several meanings. The word was coined to characterize electronic direct action as working toward social change by combining ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Takedown Notice
Notice and take down is a process operated by online hosts in response to court orders or allegations that content is illegal. Content is removed by the host following notice. Notice and take down is widely operated in relation to copyright infringement, as well as for libel and other illegal content. In United States and European Union law, notice and takedown is mandated as part of limited liability, or safe harbour, provisions for online hosts (see the Digital Millennium Copyright Act 1998 and the Electronic Commerce Directive 2000). As a condition for limited liability online hosts must expeditiously remove or disable access to content they host when they are notified of the alleged illegality. United States The Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act, passed into law in 1998 as part of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act provides safe harbour protection to "online service providers" for "online storage" in section 512(c). Section 512(c) applies to online s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
