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Section Twenty-one Of The Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms
Section 21 of the ''Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms'' is one of several sections of the ''Charter'' relating to the official languages of Canada. The official languages, under section 16 of the ''Charter'', are English and French. Sections 16 to 20 guarantee a number of rights in regard to the use of these languages in the federal and New Brunswick courts and other government institutions. Thus, section 21 clarifies that language rights regarding English and French in the Constitution of Canada, outside the ''Charter'', remain valid and are not limited by the language rights within the ''Charter''. Text In full, it reads, Function Section 21 thus reaffirms language rights in the Constitution in respect to the provinces of Quebec and Manitoba. Although neither of these provinces are officially bilingual, there are constitutional rights regarding the use of English and French in those provinces that are not duplicated in the Charter. Specifically, section 133 of the '' Con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms
The ''Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms'' (french: Charte canadienne des droits et libertés), often simply referred to as the ''Charter'' in Canada, is a bill of rights entrenched in the Constitution of Canada, forming the first part of the ''Constitution Act, 1982''. The ''Charter'' guarantees certain political rights to Canadian citizens and civil rights of everyone in Canada from the policies and actions of all areas and levels of the government. It is designed to unify Canadians around a set of principles that embody those rights. The ''Charter'' was signed into law by Queen Elizabeth II of Canada on April 17, 1982, along with the rest of the ''Constitution Act, 1982''. The ''Charter'' was preceded by the '' Canadian Bill of Rights'', enacted in 1960, which was a federal statute rather than a constitutional document. As a federal statute, the ''Bill of Rights'' could be amended through the ordinary legislative process and had no application to provincial laws. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Section Eighteen Of The Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms
Section 18 of the ''Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms'' is one of the provisions of the Constitution that addresses rights relating to Canada's two official languages, English and French. Like section 133 of the ''Constitution Act, 1867'', section 18 requires that all statutes and other records made by the Parliament of Canada must be available in both official languages. Section 133 places a similar obligation on the legislature of Quebec, and this is reaffirmed by section 21 of the ''Charter''. Section 18 of the ''Charter'' places a similar obligation on the legislature of New Brunswick. New Brunswick is the only officially bilingual province under section 16 of the ''Charter''. Text Section 18 reads, Application Justice Michel Bastarache and fellow-authors wrote of section 18 that it repeats section 133 in necessitating Parliament's statutes being kept in both official languages, and that section 18 "adds that both versions are equally authoritative." They compa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilingualism In Canada
The official languages of Canada are English and French, which "have equality of status and equal rights and privileges as to their use in all institutions of the Parliament and Government of Canada," according to Canada's constitution. "Official bilingualism" is the term used in Canada to collectively describe the policies, constitutional provisions, and laws that ensure legal equality of English and French in the Parliament and courts of Canada, protect the linguistic rights of English- and French-speaking minorities in different provinces, and ensure a level of government services in both languages across Canada. In addition to the symbolic designation of English and French as official languages, official bilingualism is generally understood to include any law or other measure that: *mandates that the federal government conduct its business in both official languages and provide government services in both languages; *encourages or mandates lower tiers of government (most notab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Footnotes
A note is a string of text placed at the bottom of a page in a book or document or at the end of a chapter, volume, or the whole text. The note can provide an author's comments on the main text or citations of a reference work in support of the text. Footnotes are notes at the foot of the page while endnotes are collected under a separate heading at the end of a chapter, volume, or entire work. Unlike footnotes, endnotes have the advantage of not affecting the layout of the main text, but may cause inconvenience to readers who have to move back and forth between the main text and the endnotes. In some editions of the Bible, notes are placed in a narrow column in the middle of each page between two columns of biblical text. Numbering and symbols In English, a footnote or endnote is normally flagged by a superscripted number immediately following that portion of the text the note references, each such footnote being numbered sequentially. Occasionally, a number between brack ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Section Twenty-six Of The Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms
Section 26 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, like other provisions within the section 25 to 31 bloc, provides a guide in interpreting how the Charter should affect Canadian society. The section's particular role is to address rights not covered by or mentioned in the Charter. The section reads: Purpose As constitutional scholar Peter Hogg notes, this section is analogous to the Ninth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which reads, In other words, section 26 confirms that rights ''not within'' the Charter are nevertheless as real as they would be had the Charter never been enacted. According to Hogg, the purpose of this "cautionary provision" was to confirm pre-Charter rights will persist. Some rights that predate the Charter but cannot be found within it are anchored in the Canadian Bill of Rights and its provincial counterparts, as well as in the common law. The rights to "enjoyment of property" and to have one's rights and obligations determin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aboriginal Peoples In Canada
In Canada, Indigenous groups comprise the First Nations, Inuit and Métis. Although ''Indian'' is a term still commonly used in legal documents, the descriptors ''Indian'' and '' Eskimo'' have fallen into disuse in Canada, and most consider them to be pejorative. ''Aboriginal peoples'' as a collective noun is a specific term of art used in some legal documents, including the ''Constitution Act, 1982'', though in most Indigenous circles ''Aboriginal'' has also fallen into disfavour. Old Crow Flats and Bluefish Caves are some of the earliest known sites of human habitation in Canada. The Paleo-Indian Clovis, Plano and Pre-Dorset cultures pre-date the current Indigenous peoples of the Americas. Projectile point tools, spears, pottery, bangles, chisels and scrapers mark archaeological sites, thus distinguishing cultural periods, traditions, and lithic reduction styles. The characteristics of Indigenous culture in Canada includes a long history of permanent settlements, agricu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Section Twenty-five Of The Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms
Section 25 of the ''Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms'' is the first section under the heading "General" in the ''Charter'', and like other sections within the "General" sphere, it aids in the interpretation of rights elsewhere in the ''Charter''. While section 25 is also the Charter section that deals most directly with Aboriginal peoples in Canada, it does not create or constitutionalize rights for them. The ''Charter'' is a part of the larger ''Constitution Act, 1982''. Aboriginal rights, including treaty rights, receive more direct constitutional protection under section 35 of the ''Constitution Act, 1982.'' Text Under the heading "General," the section reads: Purpose In other words, the ''Charter'' must be enforced in a way that does not diminish Aboriginal rights. As the Court of Appeal for Ontario held in ''R. v. Agawa'' (1988), the section "confers no new rights," but instead "shields" old ones. This is a stronger recognition for non-''Charter'' rights than s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Denominational School
A faith school is a school in the United Kingdom that teaches a general curriculum but which has a particular religious character or formal links with a religious or faith-based organisation. The term is most commonly applied to state-funded faith schools, although many independent schools also have religious characteristics. There are various types of state-funded faith school, including Voluntary Aided (VA) schools, Voluntary Controlled (VC) schools, and Faith Academies. Schools with a ''formal'' faith designation may give priority to applicants who are of the faith, and specific exemptions from Section 85 of the Equality Act 2010 enable them to do that. However, state-funded faith schools must admit other applicants if they cannot fill all of their places and must ensure that their admission arrangements comply with the School Admissions Code. Note that legislation varies between the countries of the United Kingdom since education is a devolved matter. England The Educatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Section Twenty-nine Of The Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms
Section 29 of the ''Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms'' specifically addresses rights regarding denominational schools and separate schools. Section 29 is not the source of these rights but instead reaffirms the pre-existing special rights belonging to Roman Catholics and Protestants, despite freedom of religion and religious social equality, equality under Section Two of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, sections 2 and Section Fifteen of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 15 of the ''Charter''. Such rights may include financial support from the provinces and territories of Canada, provincial governments. In the case ''Mahe v. Alberta'' (1990), the Supreme Court of Canada also had to reconcile denominational school rights with minority language education in Canada, educational rights under Section Twenty-three of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, section 23 of the ''Charter''. Text The section reads: Purpose The Constitution of Canada con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter S
Walter may refer to: People * Walter (name), both a surname and a given name * Little Walter, American blues harmonica player Marion Walter Jacobs (1930–1968) * Gunther (wrestler), Austrian professional wrestler and trainer Walter Hahn (born 1987), who previously wrestled as "Walter" * Walter, standard author abbreviation for Thomas Walter (botanist) ( – 1789) Companies * American Chocolate, later called Walter, an American automobile manufactured from 1902 to 1906 * Walter Energy, a metallurgical coal producer for the global steel industry * Walter Aircraft Engines, Czech manufacturer of aero-engines Films and television * ''Walter'' (1982 film), a British television drama film * Walter Vetrivel, a 1993 Tamil crime drama film * ''Walter'' (2014 film), a British television crime drama * ''Walter'' (2015 film), an American comedy-drama film * ''Walter'' (2020 film), an Indian crime drama film * ''W*A*L*T*E*R'', a 1984 pilot for a spin-off of the TV series ''M*A*S*H'' * ''W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manitoba Act
The ''Manitoba Act, 1870'' (french: link=no, Loi de 1870 sur le Manitoba)Originally entitled (until renamed in 1982) ''An Act to amend and continue the Act 32 and 33 Victoria, chapter 3; and to establish and provide for the Government of the Province of Manitoba.'' is an act of the Parliament of Canada, and part of the Constitution of Canada, that provided for the admission of Manitoba as the fifth province of Canada.Rea, J.E., Jeff Scott, and Andrew McIntosh. February 7, 2006.Manitoba Act" ''Canadian Encyclopedia'' (last updated January 7, 2021). Receiving royal assent on May 12, 1870, the act also continued to enforce ''An Act for the Temporary Government of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territories when united with Canada'' upon the absorption of the British territories of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory into Canada on July 15, 1870. Hoping to decrease tension, the act marked the legal resolution of the fight for self-determination between the federal go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Section Nineteen Of The Canadian Charter Of Rights And Freedoms
Section 19 of the ''Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms'' is one of the provisions of the Constitution of Canada that addresses rights relating to Canada's two official languages, English and French. Like section 133 of the ''Constitution Act, 1867'', section 19 allows anyone to speak English or French in federal courts. However, only section 133 extends these rights to Quebec courts, while section 19 extends these rights to courts in New Brunswick. New Brunswick is the only officially bilingual province under section 16 of the ''Charter''. Text Section 19 reads, Section 19 is based on rights in section 133 of the ''Constitution Act, 1867.'' Section 133 provides that "either of those Languages may be used by any Person or in any Pleading or Process in or issuing from any Court of Canada established under this Act, and in or from all or any of the Courts of Quebec." However, unlike section 133, section 19(2) extends these rights to courts in New Brunswick. This was not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
